Taariikh nololeed
Gregory Zinovec - Sificitiyiin caan ah, kacaanka, kacaanka iyo xubin ka tirsan xisbiga Bolshevik. Qofkani wuxuu galay sheekada kaliya maahan inuu yahay hogaamiyaha ugu horreeya iyo hogaamiyaha fikradda ah ee shuuciga, laakiin sidoo kale waa nin ka soo horjeeday Joseph Stalin, qof ka soo horjeedda iyo qof shaqsi ahaan u qaatay kaniisadda tareenka.Caruurnimada iyo dhalinyarada
Taariikh nololeedkii kacaanka mustaqbalka ayaa ka bilaabmay magaalada ElisavetGrarad (hadda waa Yukreeniyaan Kropyvnytsky). Zinory Zinovec wuxuu dhashey bishii Sebtember 11, 1883. Magaca la siiyay wiilka ka dhashay dhalashada - Evseer-herch. Aabaha Zinoveven, Aaron Radomyslsky, wuxuu lahaa beerta caano ee u gaarka ah.
Magaca dhabta ah, Evéy Aronovich wuxuu ku jawaabay oo keliya carruurnimada oo keliya iyo qaangaarnimada, ka dib xisbiga PSUDDUDUDUDUDYSS of Gludormens of Glugovens, shatsky, zinovieven. Kan dambena weligiis lama sii joogo siyaasiga.
Zinovory ZinovevevE-ka ayaa helay waxbarasho aad u wanaagsan, sida caado u ahayd sannadahaas oo ka mid ah muwaadiniinta aaminka ah. Dhallinyaradiisa, nin dhalinyaro ah ayaa xiiseynayay falsafada, siyaasada, taariikhda caalamiga ah, oo uu durba ahaa 1901 sanadkii 1901, oo aan ku soo biirin bogagga buugaagta, oo ku biiraya dhaqdhaqaaqa xisbiga dimoqraadiga.
Kacaankii
Waxaa xusid mudan in horeyba 1901, isagoo aad u da 'yar, Zinnivev uu hogaaminayo dhowr shaqo joojin iyo mudaaharaadyo ka dhacay Novorossia. Cadaadiska booliisku waxay ku qasbeen Generoy Zinnivevec ho intuu ka tagayo dalka. Sanadkii 1902, kacaanku wuxuu u guuray Berlin, ka dib wuxuu u dhaqaaqay Paris, ugu dambeyntiina, wuxuu joogsaday Switzerland Bern. Halkaas Zinoviev wuxuu la kulmay Vladimir Lenin. Kulankan wuxuu noqday mid lacag ah: Sanado badan, Grigrori Zinovievec waa mid ka mid ah hogaamiyaha, qareenkiisa iyo wakiilkiisa idman.
Sanadkii 1903, Grigori Zinovec ayaa ku biiray kooxda Bolshevik, taageeraysa Lenin. Isla markiias ka dib, kacaanka ayaa ku soo laabtay waddankiisii si uu u hogaamiyo ololaha ololaha ee ka dhex jira fasalka shaqada. Sannad ka dib, Zinnivev ayaa mar kale ka tagay dalka, markan xaalada caafimaad awgeed.
Ku soo noqnoqda soo laabashada ee ku soo laabatay dalka hooyo waxay dhacday 1905. Zinovec ayaa isla markaaba loo soo doortay xubin ka mid ah guddiga magaalada RSDLP ee St. Petersburg, ayaa sidoo kale si toos ah uga qaybgalay diyaarinta iyo haynta kacaanka 1905. Halganka loogu jiro Bolshevik Fikradaha ayaa socday wax ka badan hal sano. Sanadkii 1908, Gregory Zinovec ayaa loo qaatay xabsiga, laakiin dhowr bilood ka dib kacaanka kacaanku wuxuu ku sii daayay xorriyadda caafimaad dartiis.
Xoreyntan ayaa la ogolaaneysaa zinovoon zinoveve inuu dalka ka baxo: oo ay weheliso Vladimir Lenin zinovievevec ayaa ka tegey Austria. Soogalootiga qasabka ah ayaa socday ilaa 1917 - bishii Abriil Gregoves Zinovevence iyo Vladimir Lenin oo ah dad badan oo isku fikir ah ayaa mar kale ku jiray Russia, iyagoo sameeynaya safar halis ah oo galka ah ee tabaruca tareenka ee la kalala jiro.
Halganka awooda korantada ayaa ka ololaysa wareejinta buuxda. Dawladda ku meel gaarka ah waxay sameysay isku dayyadii ugu dambeeyay ee lagu sii wado ka sarreynta, laakiin khilaafaadka ayaa ka bilaabmay jawiga Bolshetavevik. Kulamada soo socda ee golaha dhexe, Grigori Zinoveve iyo Lev Kamenev ayaa ka soo horjeestay inay ku qasbeen afgembidda dawladda ku meel gaarka ah, taas oo sababay vladimir lenin niyad jab.
Xeerkan, hogaamiyaha kacaanka ayaa tixgeliyay labada nin ee fikradaha ifaya oo xitaa kor u qaaday arrinta ka saarista zinovevence iyo Kamenev oo ka kooban xisbiga. Ma aysan imaan wax talaabooyin ah oo wadnaha ah, laakiin labadaba "mucaaradka" ayaa laga mamnuucay shirarka iyagoo ka wakiil ka ah golaha dhexe.
Kacaankii markii uu socday intii uu socday oo uu ku socday wareeg buuxa - Bolsheviks-ka ayaa ku guuleystey in ay awood u yeeshaan awoodda waqooyiga caasimada waqooyiga. In kasta oo ay u muuqato isku-darka kacaanka, waxaa jiray kala qaybsanaan halis ah gudaha hoggaanka Bolshevik: Guddiyada Shaqaalaha waxay dalbadeen abuuritaanka nin hantideedka hanti-diyaarinta ah, oo aan ka mid noqon doonin Vladimir Lenin iyo Leo Trettky.
Jawaab-celinta la midka ah ayaa deggenaa inay ka faa'iideystaan Gregon Zinoveven, Lev Kamenev, iyo sidoo kale taageerayaashooda Viktor NOGin iyo Alexey Rykov. Kooxdani waxay taageertay shuruudaha la muujiyay, ay ka doodayso ra'yigeeda iyada oo ay u baahan tahay in la dhammaystiro wadajirka dhammaan taageerayaasha dhammaan taageerayaasha socciat ee kacaanka. Marka hore, waxay u muuqatay in taageerayaasha Zinovyev ay adeecaan, laakiin Lenin iyo Trotsky ayaa si dhow u maareeyay inay soo celiyaan ka sarreynta dhinaciisa.
Maalintii xigtay, zinovoon iyo taageerayaasha ra'yigiisa si cad uga tagay golaha dhexe, qorista hadalada la xiriira. Iyada oo laga jawaabayo, Vladimir Lenin wuxuu u yeedhay saaxiibkii hore ee xilliyadii hore ee fikradaha ifaya iyo kuwa ka shaqeeya.
Waxay umuuqatay in xilliyadii siyaasadeed ee Groegovection uu ahaa inuu dhammaaday. Si kastaba ha noqotee, rabshaha musiibada ee kacsan la'aanta hoggaamiyeyaal karti iyo khibrad leh, iyo zinovovect ayaa ku soo noqday siyaasada. Ilaa guga 1918, waxaa hogaaminayay Cotrograd Bolshevik, ka dib wuxuu qabtay jagada gudoomiyaha Golaha Golaha ee Peterwad, madaxa midowga waqooyiga gobolka, madaxa midowga waqooyiga gobolka iyo gudoomiyaha oo ka mid ah guddiga sare ee difaaca kacaanka ee Petrograd.
Iskahorimaadka fikirka ee zinovect ee zinovized ee Lenin ayaa sii raaciyay: Xarafka Zinonvec oo aan taageerin fikradda hogaamiyaha si uu u bilaabo waxa loogu yeero "argaggixisada casaanka" kadib dilkii Muuse urtisky iyo V. Vodar. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, Zinoviev wuxuu ka hadlay fikradda Vladimir Cariach oo dib loo dhigay caasimada dalka Moscow.
Isla mar ahaantaana, sida uu sheegay maraggii Pinatima Socina Socina, oo ah dhakhaatiir cilmiga bulshada iyo casri ah, oo soo noqday meesha ugu dambeysa ee Vladimir Lenin, ayaa noqday abaabulka ugu weyn ee dhacdooyinka argagaxa leh ee 'argagixisada casaanka ah ". Marka loo eego amarada zinovivens, waxgaradka iyo gorgogga ayaa la toogtay, taas oo waqtiga loo tixgeliyey "fasalka ka faa'iideystayaasha".
Laga soo bilaabo 1921 ilaa 1926, Gregory Zinoveves wuxuu ka mid ahaa xubnaha siyaasada ". Siyaasiga ayaa had iyo jeer ku dhaqma warbixinno iyo khudbado waxaana xitaa laga bilaabay ka shaqeynta shaqooyinka la soo uruuriyay. Sanadkii 1922, Zinnivev wuxuu ahaa kii ugu horreeyay ee soo jeedinaya musharaxnimada Joseph Stalin jagada xoghayaha guud, isagoo dhaliyay goolka uu ka beddelayo Leo Trettky.
Si kastaba ha noqotee, sanadkii 1925, Zinovection Zinovecz wuxuu muujiyey qanacsanaanta ficillada Stalin, oo ay kujirto maqaalka "Falsafada Epoch", oo lagu daabacay "PRAVDA". Natiijadu waxay ahayd ka saarida zinovieve-ka nashaadaadyada siyaasadeed, ka dibna ka reeban xisbiga.
Funaalada siyaasadeed ma aysan aheyn Gregory Zinovieve ee akhlaaqda: Kacaanka ayaa ka toobad keenay camalkiisa, 1928 wuxuu ku guuleystay ka soo kabashada safka xisbiga. Muddo afar sano ah, Zinnivev ayaa lagu baray Jaamacadda Kazan, isagoo qaatay jagada dib-u-dhigga, maqaallo daabacan oo la daabacay oo nabdoon yahay.
Si kastaba ha noqotee, mashiin aad u daran, oo lagu soo saaray gargaarkiisa, isaga ayaa soo gaadhay. Sanadkii 1932, Zinoveritory Zinovec ayaa la qabtay oo lagu xukumay afar sano oo tixraac ah. Sannad kadib, xukunka waa la joojiyay. Waxay u muuqatay in duufaan ay ka dhacday xisbiga, laakiin 1934 Zinnive Finovec wuxuu sugayay xarig cusub iyo xukun cusub.
Nolol shaqsiyeed
Ku xukumaya sawirka la ilaaliyo, Gregon Zinoveves ma ahayn nin qurux badan, laakiin waxaan dareemay aragti nin gacaliye ah. Haweenaydii ugu horreysay ee zinovevevez wuxuu noqday Sarah Ravech, oo ku taal Bolshevik Goobo, OLGA-ga soo gudbinta. Naagtu waxay taageertay xaaska nashaadaad kacaan iyo xitaa in muddo ah waxay ahayd gudoomiyaha gudaha ee gobolka waqooyiga.
Xiriirka guurka ugu horreeya wuxuu galay maya, iyo zinovece of ginovever mar labaad ayuu guursaday. Markan siyaasaddu waxay ahayd siyaasaddii Lilina, oo loo yaqaanay xisbiga Pseudonymony zina;
Levin sidoo kale waxay wadaageen fikradaha hantiwada hanti-wadaagga ah ee si firfircoon loo dallacsiiyay, iyagoo ah shaqaale ka tirsan joornaalka "xiddig" iyo "run". Guurka labaad, zinovection zinovec wuxuu dhashey wiil Stefan ah. Ninkii yaraa wuxuu noolaa nolol kooban - isagoo jira da'da 29, Stephen ayaa la toogtay.
Zinovect Saddexaad ee Zinovection Grinovec uu noqday Esgenia Lasman. Mustaqbalka haweeneydu sidoo kale waa mid aan shaki ku jirin: Eugene Yakovlevna ayaa si isdaba joog ah loo xiray oo ku dhawaad 20 sano oo xabsi ah.
Dhimashada
Diseembar 16, 1934 Gregory Zinovec ayaa la qabtay. Kacaanka ayaa laga saaray safka xisbiga waxaana lagu xukumay toban sano oo xabsi ah. Waraaqaha Zinoviv-ka ayaa la ilaaliyay, oo loo gudbiyey Joseph Stalin, oo ay ku sugan yihiin zinovecze-ka culus ee uu ka codsaday naxariis iyo hubsatay inay tahay toobad keena.
Laba sano ka dib, sanadkii 1936, Zinnivecved ayaa lagu xukumay ciqaabta ugu sareysa. Ogosto 26 ee isla sanadkaas oo ka mid ah siyaasadihii hore toogtay. Goobjoogayaashii wixii dhacay markii dambe ayaa qori doona in awood-baahinta ay hoggaamintaa kacaanka kacaanka kacaankii Daqiiqadihii ugu dambeeyay: lagu xukumay in la joojiyo fulinta oo aan xitaa kor u qaadi karin oo xitaa ka talaabin.
Dilka waxaa ka soo qeyb galay madaxa Nkvd Henry Beroda, iyo sidoo kale shaqaalaha isla waaxdaas Nikolai Ezhov iyo Karl Pupper. Saddexda tirooyinka ee loo yaqaan 'Frantory' waxay dhamaaday qarnigooda sidoo kale sidoo kale Gregory Zinovive: Waxaa tooganaya dhowr sano ka dib.
Magaca Gregory ZinovevEved ayaa la dayactirey July 13, 1988 iyada oo loo eegayo go'aanka maxkamadda sare ee midowga Soofiyeeti.
Afuufa
- 1927 - "Oktoobar"
- 1951 - "aan la ilaawi karin 1919"
- 1983 - "gambaleel cas"
- 1992 - "Stalin"
- 2004 - "carruurta Arbat"
- 2013 - "Stalin oo nala socota"
- 2017 - "goosashada qadhaadh"
- 2017 - "" Demon Kacaan "
Baybalka
- 1918 - "Austria iyo Dagaalkii Adduunka"
- 1920 - "Dagaal iyo Dhibaatada hanti-wadaag"
- 1925 - "xasilinta Bolshelization-xasilinta"
- 1925 - "Taariikhda Kacaankii ugu horreeyay ee Ruushka"
- 1925 - "Leninism"
- 1926 - "Dagaal, kacaanka iyo Menhevism"