Taariikh nololeed
William William Gibson waxaa loo aaneynayaa dhalashada noocyada nooc ee cusub ee sayniska ee khayaaliga sayniska, oo loo yaqaan cyberpunk. Oo aan la yaab lahayn: Xitaa ka hor fikradaha "sirdoonka macmalka ah", "dhabtii Virtual", "ayuu ka soo muuqday dhaqanka tirada badan, qoraagu wuxuu durbadiiba iska indhatiray beo cusub oo cusub" neuromant ". In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in la siidaayay in shaqadu sii daayaan in ka badan 30 sano, waxaa weli loo arkaa in la beero.Caruurnimada iyo dhalinyarada
William Ford Gibson wuxuu ku dhashay Maarso 17, 1948 magaalada xeebta ee Conway, South Carolina. Inta badan muddadii taariikhdii gabayada ee qoraaga waxaa lagu qabtay sababta, Virginia.
![Qoraa William Gibson Qoraa William Gibson](/userfiles/126/12732_1.webp)
Aabaha William wuxuu u shaqeeyey inuu noqdo maamule shirkad weyn oo dhismaha ah, sidaa darteed Gibsons badiyaa waa la dhaqaajiyaa. Markii wiilku ka soo qeybgalay Pines ee dugsiga hoose ee Norfolk, Virginia, Aabe ayaa dhintay - waxaa soo gaadhay intii lagu jiray cuntada. Dhowr maalmood ka dib dhacdada, qoysku wuxuu ku soo noqday sababta. William waxay siisay dugsiga sare George Caddaan.
Jawiga wiilka ee isboortiga, oo uu 12 jir ahaa "ma uusan dooneynin wax intaas ka badan, marka laga reebo inuu noqdo qoraa sax ah sayniska." Waqtiga firaaqada ah Gibson wuxuu ku qaatay buugaagta aqrinta qolka. Dhadhankiisa suugaanta waxaa soo saaray qorayaasha jiilka waxoogaa yar - pronaiki William Burrows iyo Jack Heroc, oo ah gabayada Allen Ginzberg.
![William Gibson ee dhalinyarada William Gibson ee dhalinyarada](/userfiles/126/12732_2.webp)
Akhriska William wuu ilaaway casharrada. Kuma qanacsana wax qabadkiisa, hooyadu waxay ku hanjabtay inay wiilkeeda u diri doonto iskuulka ay ka go'do, oo uu kaga falceliyay xamaasad. Sidaas darteed, Gibson wuxuu ku sugnaa iskuulka Arizona ee wiilasha ku sugan Tucson.
Markii William Gibson uu 18 jirsaday, hooyadiis way dhimatay. Wuxuu ku tuuray iskuul wuxuuna u safray agagaarka Yurub, isagoo doonaya inuu ku tuuro wax hadal ah. Sanadkii 1967, qoraagu wuxuu u soo guuray Kanada si looga fogaado inuu ugu yeero dagaal ka dhacay Vietnam. Wareysi lala yeeshay 2008, wuxuu sharaxay in si rasmi ah ugama dhicin ciidanka, waligiis ajandaha ma imaan.
![William Gibson William Gibson](/userfiles/126/12732_3.webp)
Inta ka hartay 1960-yadii, ninka dhallinta yar ee uu ku qaatay Toronto, ka dib wuxuu booqday waddamada reer Yurub kaas oo nidaamkii fashime lagu hayey. Gibson ma uusan dooneynin inuu shaqeeyo, sidaas darteedna wuxuu galay Jaamacadda Columbia Columbia inuu helo deeq waxbarasho. Wuxuu dhammeystiray waxbarashada 1977.
Ardayga, William ayaa la kulmay qoraaga John Shirley, ee ku qanciyay kartida da 'yarta si dhab ah si uu u qoro. Waqtigaas, Gibson wuxuu horey u qoray dhowr sheeko oo ku jira qaabka khayaaliyada sayniska. Thanks to sherley, qoraalada ayaa gacanta ku dhigay gacmaha Bruce Sterling iyo Lewis Mureer, oo ah khayaali caan ah oo Mareykan ah. Way ku farxeen shaqooyinka Gibson.
Buugaag
Shuqullada hore ee Gibson, tusaale ahaan, sheekada "Shardaha ee Holographic Rose Rose" (1977), waa sheekooyin kusaabsan saameynta ay ku leedahay dadka bini-aadamka ah. Mawduucyada ayaa lagu soo saaray sheekooyinka "Johnny-Mnemonic" (1981) iyo "Gubashada Chrome" (1982), waxay aasaaseen aasaaska cusub ee 'neuromant'.
![Markhaatiga William Gibson wuxuu qaybiyaa sawir qaadeysa Markhaatiga William Gibson wuxuu qaybiyaa sawir qaadeysa](/userfiles/126/12732_4.webp)
Markii ay qortay sedex meelood meel buuxinta sheekada, Gibson wuxuu eegay filimka "ku ordaya qoryaha" (1982), oo lagu toogtay nooc ka mid ah 'Cyberpunk', wuxuuna gartay in Neomodane uu sugayo in la isbarbardhigo marka loo barbar dhigo "'si qurux badan' '. Khayaaliga sayniska wuxuu dib u daabacay buugga 12 jeer oo wuxuu ku qancay in la soo saaray ka dib markii la daabacay sumcadiisa "weligiis sharaf weyn." Si kastaba ha noqotee, natiijada, ka hooseysa qoraaga qalinka, oo ah ceyrib-yaqaanno digaag ah ayaa soo baxay.
"Neuromant" (1984) waxaa la siiyay "soo-galinta" iyo "Hugo" caymiska, Philip Dick Prize. Sannadkii 2005, joornaalka waqtiga waxaa ku jira shaqo ku saabsan liiska 100ka sheeko ee ugu wanaagsan ee ku hadla Ingiriisiga ee lagu qoray tan iyo 1923.
![William Gibson - Sawir, taariikh nololeed, nolosha shaqsiyeed, wararka, akhriska 2021 12732_5](/userfiles/126/12732_5.webp)
Oraahda kama dambaysta ah "Waligiis ma uusan arkin Molly" ma uusan siin rajo ka siiya sheekada ku saabsan Neuromanta, laakiin Gibson wuxuu soo saaray qoraalka Roma "eber", ama "1986). Labadan shaqo, iyo sidoo kale "Mona Lisa xad dhaaf" (1988) ayaa ka kooban "Cyberspace" Trigpace "Trilogy ee qoraaga.
Trilogy, mashiinka sheeko "ee sheekada" (1990), oo loo qoro Bruce Sterling. Qorayaasha ayaa soo bandhigtay tikniyoolajiyadda macluumaadka ee muuqaalka England England ee Fiktooriya ee XIX. Buugga ayaa hadda loo arkaa inuu yahay wakiil ifaya oo ah hiddaha loo yaqaan 'Steatpunk'.
![William Gibson iyo Bruce Sterling William Gibson iyo Bruce Sterling](/userfiles/126/12732_6.webp)
Isla mar ahaantaana qorshaha qoraalka shaqooyinka waaweyn, Gibson waxay ka kooban tahay sheekooyinka, qaar iyagoo kaashanaya khayaalida caanka ah ee sayniska. Marka, "ka mid ah" (1981) ayaa ka caawisay la yiraahdo John Shirley, "Star Star, Jiilaalka Orbitling" (1983) - Burburn Sterling, iyo "Dagaal" (Michael Suenvik.
Taxanaha labaad ee Gibson "Trilogy ee buundada" waxaa ka mid ah sheekooyinka "nalka Virtual" (1993), "Wror" (1996) iyo "dhammaan dhinacyada berri" (1999). Xumaanta ugu weyn ee qoraagu kuma arko sirdoonka aan dabiiciga ahayn, laakiin warbaahinta, oo keenta in caanka caanka ah iyo dhab ahaantii lagu dejiyo dadka.
![Qoraayaasha buugaagta ee Genre Cyberpunk William Gibson iyo cadowga Corey Qoraayaasha buugaagta ee Genre Cyberpunk William Gibson iyo cadowga Corey](/userfiles/126/12732_7.webp)
Ka dib markii "buundada" Bridgey "Gibson wuxuu bilaabay inuu u hogaansamo qaab macquul ah oo macquul ah oo qoraal ah iyo sheeko joogto ah. Qaabkan oo kale, buugaag ka socda 'Big' 'Big' 'waa la qoray - "Aqoonsiga Sawirada" (2003), "waa" dalka Ghosts "(2007) iyo" eber eber) (2010). Gibson laftiisu mideysan shaqalahann waxay xaq u leeyihiin "buugaag ku saabsan buluuga ah."
Sanadka 2014, khayaaliga sayniska ayaa la siidaayay "aaladaha durugsan", sheekadu ay ku soo baxday laba Epochs - 30 sano ka dib casriska iyo mustaqbalka fog. Sii-wadeenkiisa, oo horey u helay magaca "wakaaladda" waa in la siidaayaa Abriil 2, 2019.
William Gibson waxaa lagu yaqaan oo keliya qoraa ahaan, laakiin sidoo kale sidii shaashad. Shaqadiisii ugu horeysay waa qoraal loogu talagalay filim fantastik ah "Shisheeye 3" (1992), oo ah tiro yar oo ka mid ah kuwaas oo lagu keydiyo nooca ugu dambeeya.
Markii hore, kaqeybgalka Gibson ee warshadaha filimka ayaa ka badnaa nidaamka Hollywood-ka Hollywoodster. Dabayaaqadii 1980-meeyadii, Sarkaalka Sarkaalka Saqafka ee uu iskaashi la yeeshay Agaasimaha Kazakh Rashiid Nugmanov filimka Soofiyeeti ee Figen-Amerikanka "Citiet of dhimashada". Doorka ugu weyn ee ay tahay in la dilo hogaamiyaha kooxda filimka kooxda viktor tsoi, ee 1990-kii ku dhintay shil baabuur.
![William Gibson - Sawir, taariikh nololeed, nolosha shaqsiyeed, wararka, akhriska 2021 12732_8](/userfiles/126/12732_8.webp)
Ma jirin wax iskaashi ah oo ay la yeelatay agaasimaha Japan ee Issia 1991. Filimka, oo ka sarreeya abuurista ragga Corpels waa in laga saaray qalcadda Kowlowoon, laakiin 1993 1993 ayaa la dumay. Gibson waa qoraaga xaaladaha ee gaashaammada u gaarka ah Johnny-Mnemonic (1995), oo ah doorka ugu weyn ee lagu buuxiyo Keeeve REVEVER, (1998), taas oo ah Chropher uu socday, Delo iyo Aasiya Argento.
Waxaa xusid mudan in buugaagta khayaaliga ee muhiimka ah aan la xirin. Agaasimaha Kanada ee Natalie ayaa si isdaba joog ah ula hadlay wareysi ay ka shaqeyso shineemo "Nemata". Heiden Kristensen iyo Libaax Tyler waa inuu ka soo muuqday doorarka hogaaminta, laakiin mashruuca weligiis lama gaarin. Ilaa iyo 2017, Tim Miller ayaa ku hawlanaa qawaaniin. Wuxuu sidoo kale leeyahay xuquuq uu leeyahay inuu toogado buugga intiisa kale ee Trilogy "Cyberspace".
Nolol shaqsiyeed
Nolosha shaqsiyeed ee khayaaliga sayniska ayaa qayb ahaan daboolay hooska aan la aqoon.
Marka la eego qorrax dhaca 1960-yadii, muddadii ka soo baxday baaqa loo yaqaan 'Vietnaam', William Gibson ayaa la kulmay Debompson Thompson, oo ah gabar Vancouver ah. Sannadkii 1972, waxay noqotay xaaskiisa. Si wada jir ah ayay u soo qaateen cunug ilmihiisa guurka ugu horreeya.
![William Gibson ee dhalinyarada iyo xaaskiisa Deborah Jean Thampson William Gibson ee dhalinyarada iyo xaaskiisa Deborah Jean Thampson](/userfiles/126/12732_9.webp)
In kasta oo ay socoto, midowga xoogsanaa, Gibson waligiis xaaskiisa kama uusan muuqan dhacdooyinka. Waxaa intaa dheer, ma jiro hal sawir oo ka mid ah faylka Filil-ka ee saxaafadda. Sidoo kale looma oga in labada qof ee isqaba ay dhaleen caruur badan.
Hadda qoysku wuxuu ku nool yahay Vancouver. Gibson wuxuu helay dhalashada Kanada, halka uu haray muwaadin Mareykan ah.
William Gibson hadda
Wakaaladda Roman Gibson "Hay'adda" waa mid ka mid ah buugaagta ugu sahlan ee 2019. Waxaa la sheegay in ay la mid tahay horgaladii hore, iyo taxanaha "aaladaha durugsan".
![William Gibson sanadkii 2019 William Gibson sanadkii 2019](/userfiles/126/12732_10.webp)
Dhacdooyinka hay'addu waxay noqon doontaa nooca xaqiiqada, halkaas oo guusha doorashada madaxtinimada Mareykanka ee 2016 ay ku guuleysatay Hillary Clinton, oo aysan aheyn Trump. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, Gibson waa inuu ku soo laabto wixii la soo dhaafay si uu u soo bandhigo nooc kale oo mustaqbal Mareykan ah.
In kasta oo da 'weyn, khayaaliyadda sayniska waxay rajeyneysaa inay u rogto "aaladaha durugsan" iyo "wakaaladda" ee tilmaanta xigta. Ma jiraan wax macluumaad ah oo ku saabsan waxa sheekooyinka saddexaad loo hindin doono.
Xigasho
Dhageyso cabsidaada. Waxaa laga yaabaa inuu yahay saaxiibkaaga keliya. "Aabimahayga gacaliye had iyo jeer wuxuu lumiyaa madaxa, waxaad xasuusataa in ay jirtay 20 dinaar, waana la waayaa, waayo, Rabbigu waa Ku dhowaad dhammaan nafsaddu wax kasta oo nafta dhalisay oo dhammuna jidhka ma jebiyaan. "" Liil luqad dhaadheer ".Baybalka
- 1977 - "Sharafnadii of Holographic Rose"
- 1981 - "Johnny Mnemonic"
- 1982 - "Gubashada Chrome"
- 1985 - "Dagaal"
- 1990 - "" Qalabka Farqiga "
- 2014 - "aaladaha durugsan"
Trilogy "Cyberspace"
- 1984 - "Neuromant"
- 1986 - "Tiri ZOL"
- 1988 - "Mona Lisa xad dhaaf ah"
"Bridge Trilogy"
- 1993 - "nalka Virtual"
- 1996 - "Adhor"
- 1999 - "dhammaan dhinacyada berri"
"Bileyd Trilogy"
- 2003 - "Aqoonsiga Sawirka"
- 2007 - "" wadanka cirfiidka "
- 2010 - "Zero Dossier"