Biography
Christopher Tolkien aive mwanakomana wemunyori anozivikanwa Johane Tolieni, uyo akanyora bhuku racho kuti "Hobbit, kana kuti adzoka" uye neTheGory "Ishe 'Ishe wemhete". Linguist, mupepeti uye purofesa University akaitawo mumabhuku uye akashanda pamabasa, aive asina nguva yekuburitsa baba vakakurumbira.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Christopher John Ruel Tolien Tolkien Tolkien akaberekerwa kuUK uye akava mwanakomana wechi3 weMunyori weClatin nemudzimai wake Edith Bratt. Kusungira munaNovember 21, 1924, mwana akakurira mune boka rehama, vasingazive mwana wekunyimwa nenhamo.
Kutevera vadyi venhaka vagari venhaka, John naMichael, mwana akaenda kuchikoro muOxford, uye akabva apinda mukoreji yevatauri, ayo aimiririra chikoro cheCatholic board. Ikoko akawana budiriro mumunda wemabhuku uye art uye nekutenda kumatarenda echisikigo akava muridzi wehuwandu hwemubairo.
Munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, Christopher, achitevedzera muenzaniso wemubereki anozivikanwa, akapinda muuto rehumambo achipinda mumhepo. Akapfuura makosi evatyairi uye akazova mutungamiriri weStock, kusvika 1945 akashanda zvakachengeteka.
Sekureva kwemapikicha ezvinyorwa, Tolkien akadzoreredza nevabereki vake vakashoropodza zviito zveGermany, zvakaparadza mazana ezviuru zvevanhu. Akanamatira pamafungiro aBaba vake kuti nyika yakatongwa nenyika, uye akachengeta pfungwa iyi pamusoro pemakore mazhinji.
Mushure mekuguma kwehondo, Christopher demobilized kubva kuhondo uye, akabata zororo muguta rake, akaenda kuOxford University. Akadzidza Chirungu uye mabhuku ane mamiridhi muKoreji Utatu uye akagamuchira degree reBachelor aine makore makumi maviri nemashanu.
Kuda kuramba uchidzidza uye nekuvandudza mumunda weLinguistics, Tolkien akaramba mamwe makosi akaunza diploma yechipiri. Ipapo akapinda mumhuri yemhuri, yaive yakaverengerwa nevanotsoropodza, uye vakabatanawo ne "" nzanga, "vakananga kuna Baba.
Mujaya hwake, pesvedzero yakakura pakuumbwa kwehunhu hweChristopher yakapihwa nemabasa emubereka, akaziva kutanga seyakajeka ngano revana. Akasiya chiitiko chekushambadzira kweBilbo mabhegi, zvimwe zvakanyorwa uye zvakachengetedzwa kusvika nhasi.
Mabhuku
Boka revanhu vakuru yeOxford rakadururwa rakarongedzwa pakutanga uye rakatanga nezviitiko zvekunyora uye shanduro. Akashanyira Sangano rehurukuro apo mabasa emazuva ano akakurukurwa uye akabatsira vanyori kuti vapinde mukutenderera kwemanyorero.Pakati pechidiki kujaira Talkien aive akanamatira Steiplz Lewis uye Charles Williams, pamwe neOwen Barfield, Roy Campbell, Colin Hardy naAdham Fox. Vanhu ava vaive vezvetsika dzakasiyana uye zvitendero, asi vakatsinhana pfungwa uye vakaratidza kukura kwekusika.
Pese pairi kukwira munyika yemabasa akanaka, Christopher akabata zvakanaka uye akaumba kuravira kwehunyanzvi. Nekufamba kwenguva, akava kushora kusinga pasi, uyo akapa zano rakakosha uye kusanyara mukuratidzwa kwemanzwiro ake kufashukira.
Dheporta reMusiki weMeditera vaiwanzotaura nemubereki wavo uye vakamubatsira kugadzirisa zvinyorwa uye kugadzira makadhi makuru. Ruzivo rwakadzama rwehurongwa hwechisiyano nechivanze, Gondra naArnor zvaida kurwiswa, nguva uye vashandi.
Anoratidzwa musango Talkien akazova "saga nezve hervor uye hedrek" rakashandurwa kubva kuIcelandic uye rakaburitswa muma60s. Mune imwe nzvimbo yakasarudzika uye mhinduro dzinoonekwa dziri munzira yenyaya, munyori akataura mifungo yake nezvenyika yekare.
Mabhuku akasara nzvimbo yezviitiko zvezviitiko zvezviitiko, uye Christopher akazova purofesa muOxford, achitevera tsoka dzaBaba vake. Akanakidzwa nekuremekedzwa kwevadzidzi kuburikidza neruzivo rwakakura uye kugona mukupokana kwesainzi kuti titeerere kumapati kusvika kumagumo.
Muna 1975, ichisiya department reyunivhesiti, Christopher, nekutora chikamu kwevanhu vane pfungwa dzakafanana, vakaita zvekurongedza mabhuku. Akapedza silmarillion, uyo asina kupedzwa nemubereki wake uye akaburitsa "nhoroondo yeMedithera", achishandisa nyorwa yemunyori.
Kuva kuratidzwa kwekunyora kweiyo yakafa John Tolkina, mwanakomana akaunganidza manyoro ese kubva pakutanga kweva2000. Saka pakanga paine nyaya "vana veHurin" neRoman "benje uye lutin", pamwe nebasa reku "kudonha kweGonogo", iro rakava yekupedzisira pabasa raBaba vake.
Uyezve, bhaibheri racho rakadzurwa nebhuku raisarondedzera kuMediterranean rakabudiswa pasi pezita rekuti "ngano dze sigurd uye gudrun". Kuonekwa kwake kutaridzika kwake kukwezva kutarisisa kwezviuru zvevatariri venhoroondo yekufungidzira kwenhoroondo, uye ruzha rwusina kuitika rwakakwira munharaunda yevanyori.
Nguva pfupi zvisati zvaitika, Peter Jackson akatanga kuongorora mabhuku aTolkina, kwaiitwa mabasa emigesi naIan Mccellen naChristopher Lee. Elaja huni, viggo mortenenen, Orlando Bloom uye Dominic MANAGAN yakatamba nhengo dzehunhu hwemagetsi uye vagari venzvimbo dzekunyepedzera.
Mafirimu akagamuchira mazita emashoko mazhinji akakonzera Christopher kusagutsikana, izvo zvaifunga kuti basa reruzivo rakashandurwa kuita murwi wakareruka. Akaedza kumisa kubvumidzwa kwekukakavara kwakakura kuburikidza nedare, asi, pasina kodzero yekuchinja trilly, pakupedzisira, hapana chakasvika.
Muna2009, kuwirirana kumwechete kwakamuka ne "hoebbita", asi mutsetse mutsva weCinema Stuema nenzira inoshamisa akakwanisa kuramba chikumbiro. Kugadzirwa kwezviitiko zvitatu zvakaswededzwa zvakanyanyisa kutsiga, uchiremekedza pfungwa yemugari wemunyori uye kwete kuda kuenda kunjodzi.
Hupenyu Hwako
Muhupenyu hwomunhu woChristopher Tolkien, pakanga paine murume mumwe chete wechokwadi, asi akafara chaizvo muFrance munharaunda yemukadzi wekupedzisira. BHUKU BHULLY rakabatsira murume wake mukushanda pamanyoro ezvinyorwa, pamwe nezvinyorwa uye makadhi akachinjwa.
Muzvinafundo uye Linguist aive nemwanakomana kubva kune mumwe wako wekutanga uyo akave akakurumbira semunyori, gweta uye mufemo. Akapokana nemubereki wake nekuda kwekubatana nevashandi vemafirimu, vachikanganisa pfungwa yaJohani Tolkien nevasungwa vake vakaneta.
Vamwe vana, Rachel naAdhamu, Christopher hukama, uye vaiwanzogara vari mumba, munharaunda yenharaunda yedhiramu. Nyaya chete inorambidzwa yainzi yainzi sedhodhi yemhepo kusunungurwa, zvisinei, yakagadzirwa uye ichirova iyo hombe skrini.
Rufu
Musi waJanuary 16, 2020, Var-Matin edition yakashuma kuti mwanakomana weZvaMwanakomana Wokuzivikanwa John Tolkina akafa muchipatara wedunhu. Maererano nezvimwe mishumo, sezvo achiri mudiki akasangana nematambudziko emwoyo, uye chikonzero chekufa chesimba ndechimwezve chakasimba.BHAIBHERI
- 1980 - "Neoponated ngano dzaNumonora neMediterranean"
- 1983-1996 - "Nhoroondo yeMediterranean"
- 2007 - "Vana veHurin"
- 2009 - "Legend ye Sigurd uye Gudrun"
- 2013 - "Kudonha Arthur"
- 2017 - "Bener naLutin"
- 2018 - "Drop Gonolina"