Varaidzo huru yeVadikani havasi kungosvetuka chete neparachute, asiwo kukunda mapundu emakomo. Ivo vanobhadhara zviuru zvemadhora kuti vaise hupenyu. Mazana evanhu ari kuedza kusvika pagomo refu kwazvo pasi rega rega. Iyi vertex ndeye Everest.
JOMolungma - Gomo rakakwira riri munyika
Gomo Everest kureba kubva pachigadziko kuenda kugungwa 8848 metres . Ari muHimalayas, yake yekumaodzanyemba Peak iri pamwe nemuganho nePRC. Gomo rakatumidzwa kuti "JOMolungma" mukuremekedza Mwari mwarikadzi wemagetsi anaya. Izwi rinoshandurwa se "amai vaMwari vehupenyu hupenyu." Zita rake repiri ndiEverest, raanozivikanwa nenyika yose. Akamugamuchira mukukudza kwaGeorge Everest, akatonga basa reGeodia.
JOMolunma Mountain Mountace paMepu yakafanana neye trigger piramidhi. Nekuda kweiyo twist yekati yekumaodzanyemba pasina chando uye ino divi haina kupfeka. Kureba kweVertex kwakanzi muna 1852, apo tipegraph yeBengl Radhanat Sikdar yakagadzira Trigonometric kuverenga. Zviratidzo hazvipe rugare nemasayendisiti uye muna 2019. Zviyero zvinoenderera, maAmerican uye Italian expeditions yakabatana.
Pagomo rinotonhora nechando, uye muzhizha. Muna July, tembiriro dzemasikati rinosvika ,19, uye muna Ndira - -36. Kune vertices inoratidzwa nemadutu anongoerekana nemhepo ine mhepo yegust 160 km / h.
Ndiani akakunda Movi Mount Everest
Muna 1953, kukunda kwekutanga kwemasireti kwakaitika. Akazvipira nePepalese akakwira tricing Niki uye New Zeilanded Edmund Hillary. Kusvika panguva ino kwaive nemakumi mashanu ekuedza kwakundikana. Vatori vechikamu vekunze vakakwanisa kukunda vertices ye7000 m, asi yakanga isiri kuwedzera kukwira. Muna 1950, vanokwira french vakasimuka Harra Annapna (8091 m).Norja naHillary vakaenda nenzira, iyo iyo swiss yakazvipira kwavari. MaClimbers akashandisa zvishandiso zveokisijeni. Wekutanga akasarudza kushandisa okisijeni kana uchikwira, ndotanga rwendo rweChirungu. Pashure 1953, zvakakwanisa kukunda gomo kune vanokwira vazhinji vanobva munyika dzakasiyana: The PRC, iyo USSR, India yakatorwa nemushandirapamwe une njodzi, asi muna 1975 mukadzi anobva kuJapan akasimuka pagomo .
Haasi munhu wese anodikanwa mune yekubuda oxygen cylinders. Sherp Ander Rita muna 1999 Simbisa Rekodhi: Akasimuka kagumi nguva kuti Everest pasina oksijeni. Pashure pemakore makumi maviri, iyo Global Global yakaputsa Climber kubva kuNepal Rita Sherpa, uyo akakunda nguva dzepamusoro makumi maviri neshanu.
Haasi munhu wese akaendesa Everest
Kusvikira kuma1970s, kuwana Everest kwaive kushoma, asi mushure mekunge abviswa, nhamba yefa yakafa. Izvo zvese zvakatanga nevanhu vashanu vasina kurarama mushure mekutendeuka kwaAvanche. Mushure memakore mana, 6 French kutora chikamu mukubuda kwakaurayiwa. Vanhu vakakunda kumusoro, vakatamira. Vaida kurekodha zita ravo pachavo mune rondedzero yekuora mwoyo jomolunum. Akasimudza nzira dzisina kujairika dzekusiyanisa: Usiku, munguva yechando, munguva yeMonsoon, pasina okisijeni kana ndega. Saka, kufa kwekufa kwakakura gore rega rega.
Muna 1985, kutengeserana kwekusimuka kwakaita kuti Everest yakazosvika pakakwirira apo American Kuchembera David bursediti akatora nekukurumidza kusvika kumusoro nekuraira kweane makore makumi mashanu nematanhatu. Dick Bass yaive yakanyanya kufunga nezve pfungwa yekukunda iyo yepamusoro makomo inowanikwa pane manomwe makondinendi. Kukwira kwakabudirira, muzvinabhizinesi akaburitsa bhuku nezvenyaya yake, iyo yakava mubatsiri.
"Muenzaniso wakashata unotapukira," Naizvozvo, mishonga yeavo vanoshuva kuve mukurumbira vakamiswa. Makambani akatanga kuoneka, achigovera masevhisi ekugadzirisa kugomo. Muna 1996, dambudziko rakaitika kwehupenyu hwevanhu vasere. Izvo zvinokonzeresa rufu rwakawanda runonzi rwakashata mamiriro ekunze uye kukwikwidzana pakati pemapoka ekusimuka. Muna 199, vanhu makumi maviri vakafira chitubu, asi hazvimire zvakanyanyisa kubva panjodzi kuti arege kudzoka kubva pakubuda.
Nzira dzekurova yepamusoro yepamusoro yepasi
Pasina mvumo, iyo inopa zviremera zveNepal naTibet, kwete kusvika kumusoro kweJOMolungma. Tora gwaro muNepal inonyanya kudhura - zviuru gumi zvemadhora. MuTibet, inodhura zviuru zvisere. Nepalase nzira inoshandiswa kukwira, inonyanya kufarirwa. Asi iyo prc inoedza kuti ichengeteke uye yakagadzira musasa wakasununguka pane vakwikwidzi. Matende akamira pasi akaputirwa nemidziyo inodiwa.Muna 2019, anenge mazana matanhatu emvumo akapihwa. Nezve iyo 2018, ichi chinyorwa. Nekuda kwehuwandu hukuru hwekukunda pane Everest, traffic jams inoumbwa. Mugore, mwaka miviri chete yekukwira: Chivabvu naSeptember. Ichi chinhu chinoita kuti vanhu vakurumidze uye vaende panguva imwe chete. Munguva yechando, zvine njodzi kusimuka: Kuwedzera kune yakaderera tembiricha, kutyisidzira kuve mhepo.
Chokwadi chinonakidza
Kukwira kune iyo yepamusoro inodhura zviuru zana zvemadhora. Mari iyi inosanganisira mvumo, kutungamira kutumira mari uye utiziro kwenguva pfupi.
Avhareji yemazuva, iyo inoshandisa maClimbers kuti vakwanise kukwira, - 40. Munguva ino, munhu anorasikirwa nehuremu hwe15 kg nekuda kwekupiswa kwemafuta nekunyorova kurasikirwa.
JOMolungma Mountain inoshanduka kuita landfill. Vashanyi vanosiya marara, makosi eokisijeni nemakono akapararira kwese kwese. Kudzinga munhu akafa, pedza zviuru zana zvemadhora. 120 vakafa vakasara vari mugomo, uye havazotakurwa. Muzvitunha, maClimbers anotungamirwa munzira.
Kukwira kwese kunorwisa kukuvadza kusingaperi kune zvakatipoteredza. Climbers dzinopisa miti kuti dziyanye. Siya Elreta.
Muna Everest, pane kusvetuka spider, nekuti ivo chete vanogona kuvapo na6700 m pamusoro pegungwa. Kumunhu, ivo havana njodzi.
Muna 2014, musikana ane makore gumi nematatu ePurna Malawat akamisikidzwa paJOMolungma. Akaisa chinyorwa ne72-gore-okutanga bhiri berk.
Pamusoro pegomo refu kwazvo munyika "kubata" Twitter. Muna 2011, Kenton Kul Climber Akaburitsa Tweets uye kurumbidza kuti panguva iyoyo kwaive papurazuva.
Makore 400 apfuura makore apfuura Everest yaive pasi pegungwa. Iyo ichiri kuwana michero yakagara.
Kuti uchengetedze gomo kubva mukusvibiswa, iro simba reNepal rakatumira mutemo kuti munhu mumwe nemumwe akakunda kumusoro anounza naye 8 kg yemarara kana kubhadhara zviuru mazana emadhora.
Gomo Enderest yakagadzirwa mamirioni makumi matanhatu emakore apfuura.