Kupesana neKupokana Kwekubika, makore mazana maviri apfuura, Russian navigators yakabviswa mitezo pane kusaziviswa kumaodzanyemba kwepasi. Kusvika parizvino, muAmerica, vari kuedza kuchera mheremhere yeRussia, asi vanobvaruka vezvivakwa zvechinguvanwa kwechinzvimbo chakasara kune vagari venyika ino. Nezve nzira iyo nhoroondo yekuvhurwa kweAntarctica yakatanga, mune iyo yekugadzirisa zvinhu 24cm.
Pakutanga zvaive ...
Muna 1502, Amerigo Vospucci chete kufungidzira kuvapo kwenzvimbo isinganzwisisike. James anobika muna 1775, akasvika pamvura yaAntarctic uye akatendeuka, akavhunduka, uye veruzhinji vakati hazvibviri kushambira, iyo nyika ingangove isipo.
Nekudaro, iko kuvapo kwePadunov, kana icebergs, akapupurira kumahombekombe. Kufungidzira nezve kuvapo kwenyika kumaodzanyemba kwakakwirira kwakasimba kwakasimbiswa mikhail lemonosov.
Tarisa kumaodzanyemba
Pfungwa yekukurumidza kweRussia yakatsigirwa naMambo Alexander I. Nzvimbo yemukuru makagadzwa kubhiti Bellingshausen. Mikhail lazarev akakokwa kuti atore tsamba yechipiri.
Zvemapurojekiti evaranda veRussia, vatengesi vaviri vakashandurwa. Masters akasimbisa nyaya yacho kana iwe uchifanira kusangana nechando.
Vafambi vaisazodzokorora nhoroondo yekubika uye vova "kudya kwemanheru kweAlexander i muchikepe chakatakurwa."
Ngatirove mugwagwa
Musi waChikunguru 16, 1819, paMabvazuva maviri uye Mirny Sluts, The Navigaters pasi pehutungamiri hweFaddey Bellinshausen akaenderera munzira. Iyo mishoni yakaomeserwa nemusiyano muhupenyu hwezvikepe. "GRIGY" akagadziridzwa kumvura yePolar, asi iye akanonoka, uye "kumabvazuva" matambudziko akasangana mumvura yeico. Ivo vashandi vaifanirwa kuita kuedza kuramba pamberi peumwe neumwe. Munzira yechikepe chezvikepe, ivo vaisanakidza.Bellinshausen akadzima kurangwa kwemusangano pane kuungana kuRally timu. Munguva yerwendo, kunze kwenyika kwakarasikirwa nevanhu vatatu chete: Vafambisi vengarava vaviri vakawira pasi kubva mumuromo, uye mumwe akafa nechirwere.
Pane chikumbaridzo chekuwanikwa
Pakanga pasina kubatana nevatambi. Mutungamiriri akapa simba rekusarudza nzira uye akaisa mabasa evashandi. BellinsHausen akaenda kunosangana nemacheya, kufambisa pakati pechando uye echando. Mumugungwa Indian, timu yakasara isina masaini uye akapona dutu, raasina kutarisana nedombo rakakura.
Pakupedzisira, munaJanuary 28, 1820, Navigaters akaona makore mitsetse, uye chete ipapo zvakava pachena kuti idzi dzaive ice. Flat Ice Islands, yakatsemurwa kubva kunharaunda yekunyika, yakaratidza kuti kupindirwa kwakatanga chinangwa. Antarctica akasangana neyechando chinoshamisa.
Ngarava dzakafamba dzichifamba pamwe nehomwe mahormone, kuvhura zvitsuwa zvitsva. Rimwe remahombekombe anonzi Nyika yaAlexander I. Kubuda kwakatora mazuva makumi manomwe nemashanu apfuura.
Chii chatinopokana nezve, vanyoro?
Kusvikira pakati pezana re xx, mumakwikwi eRussia navigators haana kukahadzika. Zvese zvachinja kana deposits yemafosti akawanikwa pane antarctica. Iyo ngano yakabuda pamusoro pekuvhurwa kweiyo humhini yeiyo human yegungwa paNathaniel Palmer Cats, uyo akaona chikamu cheGreyama Pasi munaNovember 1820.
Nekudaro, chirevo hachina kururamiswa. Mabasa echiitiko cheRussia aisanganisira kuwanikwa kwenyika, iyo yakasimbiswa nemakwenzi emhizha Pamhailov, uye mhando dzeAmiki dzeAmiki dzinoenderana chete pachako.
Mazita emagamba akanyorwa muchando
Nhasi, mainland akaziviswa ndima isina kwayakarerekera pane iyo yekutsvaga kwesainzi kunobvumidzwa. 2020 - muRussia yakazivisa gore reAntarctica. Makore makumi maviri ekutanga ekuvhurwa kwenzvimbo huru ichave nezviitiko zveMitambo.
Nezve maitirwo azvo, anogona kuoneka mumufirimu 1972 ehupenyu. Ndangariro dzezvakarukwa zveRussia navigators zvicharamba zviripo pamazera.