Iye munhu wacho kubva panguva dzekutanga dzaive dzisina kusarudzika mukushuvira kwake nyika, asi zvinosuruvarisa kune vafambi vekare, kuzvishingisa kwakaita kuti zviome kuita iyi nzira yekudzidzisa: Kupfuura nguva, ngarava dzakaonekwa, kubvumira kukurira gungwa Uye makungwa, uye nzizi dzakatambanudzwa pamusoro pamakomo uye mabvidhi ane mvura. Maoko emakore ekupedzisira uye ekutanga akavandudzwa kubvira makore: Imwe yeasasima yehuni uye inokwereta yeinjiniya mainjini, yechipiri, pakutanga, zvakanyanya, Muti wakadonha, wakatambanudzwa kwemazana emakiromita sezvaakavakwa muChina Dalanyan-Kunshan viaduct, denderedzwa rine zviuru gumi nezvishanu zvemamita.
Asi kwete kunze kwenyika pane zvinonakidza engineering zvivakwa - nezvemabhiriji akareba muRussia achazivisa chinyorwa 24cm.
Chii chinonzi mabhiriji
Kana zvasvika kune chero bhiriji muRussia kureba, kwepfungwa, ruzhinji rwevanhu vanouya vachishandisa tekinoroji emvura, kuti motokari inoyerera ichimhanya uye motokari dzinotenderera dzakabvaruka. Nekudaro, kune zvakare vamwe vamiriri vemhando yemijeni zvivakwa zvekutarisa zvevaridzi veinjiniya zvivakwa, izvo zvakare zvakasarudzika nehurefu hwavo.Typographic mazhinji
Iyo typographic Bridge yakavakwa muna 2016 uye iri muVladimir nzvimbo, muguta reKirzhach. Kuvakwa uku kwemamita makumi matanhatu nemashanu, kutambanudza mumusha werwizi uko kunodaidzwa kuti nzvimbo imwecheteyo, inoonekwa seyakareba matanda ekufamba-famba bhiriji muRussia, iyo inosimbiswa negwaro reRussia rezvinyorwa.
Pamberi pekuvakwa kweiyo typographic Bridge, iyo yaidaidzwa kuti, kuvonga kune mukuru anotsigira, iyo nzvimbo yemunharaunda yekudhinda, iyo nzvimbo yerefu yerefu pakati pehupfumi yakagadzirwa kubva mumuti waibatwa neiyo architectural chimiro yakagadzwa muBerrotersk, yakagadzirwa muna 1935. Kureba kweBelorertsky Bridge yaive ye152 metres, metleting kune iyo nyowani "zita remusoro", asi muna 2019 pakanga paine mugove wechikamu chemapuranga, uye panguva iyo chimiro chechimiro chinomiririra arimo kusaziva.
Skybridge
Izvo zvingave zvisina kukwana pamusoro peiyo refu mabhiriji muRussia pasina kutaurwa yakavakirwa mu 2014 muSchi yakamiswa Pedestrian "Skybridge". Kugadzirwa kwehurefu hwemamita makumi mana nemashanu, kubatanidza mapepa akapesana eAkhtyn Gorge, iri pakukwirira kwemamita makumi maviri pamusoro pemvura - Mupata weRwizi rweMuzmit iri pazasi.Kusvika kuna 2018, apo iyo 494 yemamita Europabrücke pamusoro peSwitzerland, iyi yaive yakakwana yakagara nzvimbo yeBridge yakadzika isiri muRussia chete, asiwo munyika. Ichokwadi, zvakakodzera kucherechedza kuti bhiriji iyo yaishayiwa kubva kunzvimbo dzekutanga, inozivikanwa se "European" ndeyekureba kweAustria 406-metresline179 kubva pasi rinobviswa chete na 110 m.
"Main Cast"
Sezvo achizivana nemabhiriji ekufamba nenyika, achikwanisa kushamisika kureba kwavo, inguva yekuenda kune vamwe, iyo saizi yake inofadza zvakanyanya.
Big Obukhosky zvakanyanya
Inovhura kumusoro kweiyo muRussia yakakwidzwa muSt. Pectory inotaurwa nezvese vagari veko kuti vagari vechirongwa zvinongo "kuvhunduka" kureba kweiyo 2884 metres. Iyo inopfuura inobatanidza iyo Gumiguru Embankment ine Obukhomsky Defense Avenue. Haisi imwe chete, asi mabhiriji maviri ane danho rakatarisana nekufamba kwemotokari dzakavakwa padivi peumwe neumwe.
Nekuda kwekuti iyo Big Obukhosky Bridge, kusimuka pamusoro pemvura yeiyo Neva 30 metrersburg mabhiriji, haina kurambana nemidziyo yemidziyo inofamba munzira iyi yakaderedzwa nemamita gumi zvichienzaniswa neyekutanga Zvidhori. Kubva 2003, iyo "museum yeiyo Vote Bridge" yakashanda panzvimbo yekuvaka, mushure mekupera kwebasa muna 2008, yakaendeswa kuSelo Red Selo.
Russian zvakanyanya
Yakavakwa zvakananga kuRussia Bridge inoitwa muna 2012, yakaitirwa muna 2012, yakatambanudzwa kuburikidza neBopsusus vescencus, yakava muridzi wevatongi kamwechete:- Vladivostok Kupfuura - Iyo Nyika Yakareba Yekutakura Bridge, kureba kweiyo matatu makiromita emamita zana.
- Iyo bhiriji inobatanidza Chitsuwa cheRussia neNazimov's Peninsula, iyo yepamusoro pylons - 324 metres.
- Iyo dhizaini inosiyaniswa neyekunyanya kupazanurwa kwepasi kweiyo Guy Bridges - 1104 metres.
Kunyangwe iwo mubvunzo wekuvaka munzira kuburikidza nedambudziko rakarererwa kakawanda, kutanga kubva kuma37 ezana remakore rapfuura, basa rekusikwa kweBridge rakatangwa muna 2007, kupera muna Nyamavhuvhu 2012. Panguva yekuvaka, kuvakwa kwaive kwakasiyana mumitemo yehunyanzvi uye chinhu chakaoma kuRussia bhiriji zvivakwa.
Khabarovsky zvakanyanya
Kunyangwe pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20, muna 1916, muguta reKhabarovsk, iyo Bridge yakatambanudzwa mhiri kwevaAmur rwizi ndokuisa magumo ekuvakwa kwetrans-siberian njanji. Akatumidzwa zita rekuti "Alekseevsky" - mukuremekedza mugari wenhaka wechigaro cheRussia cheRussia. Zvino kuvakwa uku kunozivikanwa sekabharovsky bhiriji kana, mune zvakakukomberedza, "AMUR chishamiso".
Kusvikira ma 90s ezana ramakore apfuura, bhiriji raingova Railway Railway - chete muna 1992 vakatanga kuvakwazve, izvo zvakabvumira makore manomwe kuti avhure uwedzere uye traffic. Kureba kwechimiro chinozivikanwa kune vese veRussia kuburikidza nemufananidzo pane iyo yechiuru chebhengi yebhangi reRussia, - 3891 metres.
Bridge pamusoro peJurieuri
Asi bhiriji rerwizi rweYuriuri, runoenderera mune yeYamalo-neyarts Autonomous District, yakavhurwa muna June 2009, inopa yekufamba kwechinhu chete chekutakura njanji. Iyo iri munzvimbo yekutanga munyika mukureba pakati pekushandurwa kweBridge yakavakirwa iyo polar denderedzwa - kureba kweanopfuura mazana matatu nemakumi matatu nemakumi matatu nemakumi matatu nemakumi matatu nemakumi matatu nemakumi matatu nemakumi matatu nemakumi matatu nemasere. Kugadzirwa kweiyo purojekiti hakuna kujairika mune izvo zvakanangana neiyo ivhu revhu rakapfava uye permaflost panzvimbo yekuvakwa, pane yakasimbiswa kongiri, mapepa esimbi aishandiswa.Vavaki vakasangana mumazuva 349, ayo anoonekwa seyekodhi chiratidzo chezvivakwa zvakadaro.
De Fri - Cedanka
Akavhurika muna 2012 muVladivostok Bridge kuyambuka AMUR Bay inosanganisirwawo kumusoro kweiyo yakareba kwazvo muRussia. Kupfuura nehurefu hwe4,3 makiromita, kubvumira zvakanyanya kuderedza nguva yemugwagwa kuenda kuairport, zvinobatanidza maviri peninsula - Muravyov-Amur uye de Fris - uye anoshandisa 80 spans. Pakuvakwa kwegadziriro, kune iwo mwenje weiyo manyorerwe etsva Led mwenje wakashandiswa, iyo inoona kuti simba rekuchengetedza, zvakatora makore matatu - mabasa akaenderera mberi kubva munaNovember 2009 kusvika Nyamavhuvhu 2012.
Kufanana nebhiriji pamusoro peBopsges, izvi zvakavakwa kudarika muVladivostok zvakavakirwa kuSummit-tumitimu 2012, iyo yaiitwa nechibvumirano kubva muna 2007, pachitsuwa cheRussia.
Mutungamiri Bridge
Bridge yakafuratirwa neRwizi rweViga muUlyanovsk, kunyangwe iine kureba kwe5,8, asi kwete chete neparamende iyi chete. Zvinotonyanya kuda kuziva kuti kuvaka kwakavakirwa pamakore makumi maviri nematatu panzvimbo peiye akarongwa 9: Basa racho rakatangwa muna 1986 rakapera nekuwanikwa chete muna2009. Munguva yekuvakwa kweiyo chirongwa, inonzi "Briddential Bridge", yakakwanisa kuita imwe musoro weNyika: Yakatenderwa mumutungamiri wekutanga weUSSR, Gorbachev, inopfuura neiyo Kuibyshev Reservoir "yaive Yakavakwa "uye pamutungamiri wekutanga weRussian Federation Yeltsin, asi yaive nechando nekuda kwekushayikwa kwemari. Muchokwadi, basa rakatanga muna 2002, naPutin, uye Viaduct Medvedev uye Mutungamiri weAzerbaijan Ilham Aliyev akavhurwa.
Kunonoka kusingaenzaniswi panguva yekuvakwa kwakatungamira mukukwira mumutengo wepurojekiti nemabhiriyoni gumi nemana, uye mutengo wekupedzisira webhiriji remutungamiri waive 38.5 Mabhiriyoni.
Kuchamhembe neSouth Owls of St. Petersburg
8795 uye 9378 metres kureba kwekuchamhembe nekumaodzanyemba kwakapfuura kwekumirira-kumhanya kweguta re st. Petersburg, zvichiteerana. Iyo ZSD itsvina yemota yakabhadharwa kuburikidza neiyo yekuchamhembe kweiyo nyika, iyo yakatanga muna 2005 - Zvita 4, 2016, kuvhurwa kwemubvunzo wekupedzisira kwakaitika.Zvikamu zviviri zvemukati zvakapfuura, kuwedzera kune iyo nyika viaduct, inosanganisira kuyambuka 2-kumhanya bhiriji pamusoro pemvura: South - kuburikidza neyegungwa Carvater, kuchamhembe - kuburikidza neElagin uye petrovsky emari.
Mhosva Dzakanyanya
Kutenda kumheni yekushambadzira kwekuvakwa kwebhiriji pamusoro peiyo kerch madhiri mune iyo midhiya, mhinduro yemubvunzo weiyo bhiriji refu riri kuRussia zviri pachena kune chero mugari wenyika. Kurongeka kwekuvaka kwekutema kukuru kunofanirwa kutevedzera nyika huru neChillland Peninsula, kupfuura ndima yeUkraine, yakapihwa muna 2014. Nhanho yekutanga yeiyo crimean Bridge, iyo iri 16.9 km refu mota, ichimhanya pane 35 m pamusoro pemvura, yapera munaMay 2018. Kufamba kwacho padhuze nekupfuura kwejanji mutsara nehurefu hwe18.1 Km rakawanikwa munaDecember 2019 kweMutambi wezvekutakura - Cargo Compounds
Zvinoenderana nevatikisi, nekuda kwekusimbisa kwechangobva kuchitoro, bhiriji rematsotsi haringadi kugadziriswa kwemakore ari pedyo. Iyo talisman yeinjiniya yeinjiniya ndeye kitsi inonzi katsi yakanzi bhiriji, iyo yakaonekwa panzvimbo muna 2015, uye dhizaini yechigadzirwa chinodzokorora mavara erudzi rweRussia.