Biography
Chirungu chirungu, chemist uye meteorologist John Dalton akawana mukurumbira nekuda kwemabasa esainzi. Semuenzaniso, dzidziso yekuumbwa kwechinhu chakagadzirwa navo zvakave nekufara chaiko panguva iyoyo, uye mufananidzo wakadaro, uchiri kufungwa nenhaka, uye saka inonzi Daltonism, maererano nesurname yemasayesangano.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Biography yesayendisiti yakatanga muIglsfield, Celebland County, kwaachazvarwa mukudonha kwe 1766. Baba vake vaive murombo, asi amai vake vaiuya vachibva kumhuri dzakabudirira dzeBritish - nhengo dzekufamba kwechiKristu, dzinotenda dzaipesana nezvirevo zveTestamente Itsva.
Pamwe chete naJohn mumhuri, mukoma wake Jonathan akaunzwa nemukomana kubva pamakore gumi nemashanu ekuzvarwa kwake mune yake yakavanzika (kudenha chikoro) chikoro. Kubva pamakore makumi maviri nemasere, akatanga kuitisa metelogical kucherechedzwa, ayo akazoenderera mberi akanyatsorondedzera muhupenyu hwese. Muzvikuru, zviuru makumi maviri zvinyorwa zvakaunganidza mu diary rake nezvekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze.
Pashure pechikoro, Dalton akaronga kuenda kunoenderera mberi nekuenderera mberi, mune zvekutanga majaya kwaive nehunyanzvi hwekurapa kana hwepamutemo, asi zvaive zvisingaite kuti zviite.
Hupenyu Hwako
Nhungamiro haina kupa Dalton kuti avake hupenyu hwega, aigara bachelor, uye akataura nedenderedzwa diki revanhu. Muzviratidzo zvakachengetedzwa kusvika nhasi, artists akaratidzira Johane achifunga, akatarisa uye zvakakomba, izvo zvakanyatso kuendesa mufananidzo wemakemist.Sainzi
Basa rekutanga muhupenyu hweDalton rakaonekwa richiri muhudiki hwake paakabatsira hama yake kuchikoro, akabva amboedza kudzidzisa. Uye muna 1793, jaya rakatamira kuManchester, kwaakasangana naJohn Gorukh, uyo akazomuomutambidza ruzivo rwake rwesainzi uye akabatsira kuwana nzvimbo yemudzidzisi mukoreji nyowani. Muchimiro ichi akagara kusvikira iwo ma 1800th, uye akabva aita dzidziso yakavanzika.
Panguva imwecheteyo, Dalton akaramba achiita kuzvikuvadzwa, akadzidza mabhuku, anoedza uye akaita kuti zviwanikwa zvinoshamisa. Semuenzaniso, kufadzwa nekudzidza kwekutonga, muna 1803 murume akasika dzidziso yake yeavo atiomesa umo masayendisiti mazhinji akabvuma. Mune ramangwana, kune yakakura pfungwa, masayendisiti airatidza muenzaniso weatomu uye mishonga yavo pane iyo muenzaniso werukova rwematanda cubes. Mushure memakore akati wandei ekushanda nesimba mumagazini yake yemarabhoritari, akanyora tafura yekutanga yechiyero cheatomi.
Iyi yakanga isiri iyo yega mudzidzisi yedzidziso yeDalton maererano nedzidziso dzeAtomi. Panguva imwecheteyo, akagadzira mitemo mitsva yegasi, iyo yekutanga yekumanikidza kusanganiswa kwegesi, iyo inoona kudzvinyirira kwakazara. Iyo yechipiri yakabatsira kuona iyo solubility yemusanganiswa wemasofa mumvura, yakanzi Mutemo Wokushamisira.
Daltonism yakava kuwanikwa kukuru kwaJohani, kunonzi ruvara rwesainzi ruvara. Iye amene akatambudzika kubva pakurwara uku, asi akazvinzwisisa paakabviswa naBot. Kufunda Zvinotaurwa pamusoro apa, aigaro sangana nezvirevo zvezvirimwa zvinosiyana pamaruva, uye kana asina matambudziko nemaruva ero uye chena, akabva aona matsvuku uye mimvuri yebhuruu. Kuremara kumwechete kwechiono kwakaenda kune mukoma wake wedangwe.
Kufananidza iwo mafungiro ayo emavara ane chiono chemumvuri mumwe chete eshamwari dzake, murume uyu akati mumaziso ake chimwe chinhu chakafanana nebhuruu mafirita, uye saka, akazadza mushure mekufa kuti aongorore meso ake. Rudzi rwacho rwakaitwa nemunhu, asi vaongorori havana kuwana chero chinhu chakakosha mumeso ake. Kwemakore akawanda, iyi miviri yemadalton yakachengetwa muchirongo nedoro. Tsvagurudzo yakaitwa muna 1995, geneticians vakakwanisa kugovera uye kuongorora iyo DNA yeRetina, iyo yakatsauka kuvapo kweGelton's GEG kubva kuna Jolton.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti muupenyu hwese Dalton hazvina bhuku uye chinyorwa chesainzi chakaburitswa, asi chisingaonekwe zvechokwadi mumatendimita esainzi.
Rufu
Matambudziko ehutano akatanga kuDalton muna 1837, paaive aine rurohwa rekutanga. Kurwiswa kwemoyo wechipiri kwakaitika mumakore akati wandei uye kwakasiya zvimwe zvakakomba mhedzisiro: kutyora kutaura kwemasayendisiti. Asi hazvina kumutadzisa kubva pakutsvaga kutsvagurudza. Makemist haana kuzova muzhizha ra 1844, chikonzero chorufu ndechekurohwa kwechitatu, uyo asina kusiya mukana wemurume.Mukuyeuka kwehungwaru kwakaitwa naDalton, izwi rekuti Dalton izwi rinoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana, izvo zvinoreva atomu yemukati yemisa.
BHAIBHERI
- 1793 - "meteorological kucherechedzwa uye kuedza"
- 1801 - "Zvimiro zveGrammar Chirungu"
- 1808 - "nzira itsva yechizivi chemakemikari. 1 vhoriyamu "
- 1810 - "Nyowani yehunyanzvi hwemakemikari. 2 vhoriyamu "