Biography
Max Ernst, aive aine kodzero yeFrance neGermany, aive mumiriri anotungamira weafarire-garde muma1930-1940s. Kushanda mune chimiro chekusurira, muimbi akavapa mutero kuna Dadaisism uye kuyedza nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana mumatanho uye maclatges.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Max Ernst akaberekwa musi waApril 2, 1891 muBrueri mumhuri yemudzidzisi weKaturike aishanda nevana vemazwi uye-uye - uye - uye-zuva- uye-zuva- uye-zuva. Amai vaive mukadzi wepamba uye vakatarisa vana vazhinji, vachiedza kuona kuti vana vakasimuka nevarume vakadzidza uye vakadzidza.
Mhuri iyi yaive yekudhirowa, nekuti mubereki aive muimbi weAmateur, kazhinji anodzinga max nehumwiro hama. Iye mukomana ane kuda kuziva anotariswa maruva, rwizi nemiti, uye mabasa ake ekutanga akaisa vamwe vana semuenzaniso.
Muna 1897, vechidiki Ernst kuenda kuchikoro uye vakatanga kufarira uzivi, vachiratidza kubva kune mamwe sainzi. Akaverenga kurudziro yeMax Stinner, uye kamwechete uye zvachose vakaziva kuti zviitiko zvakakosha zvepasi zvinoitika zvachose.
Iko kusimba kwakasimba nekuda kweizvi kwaive kuberekwa kwehanzvadzi dzeApolonia uye kufa kwemurararishi, rakawira zuva rimwe chete. Tenzi wenguva yemberi akasarudza kuti mwana akatora hupenyu hweshiri, uye akanzwa nguva yekuenda kunzvimbo inotevera.
Muna 1909, Max akagamuchira kudzidza muBonn University uye akasarudza iyo psychology yevanhurume. Akaramba achidzidza kugona kwavo uye nemabasa eunyanzvi uye akaunganidzwa zvinhu, izvo zvaizove zvakakwana kune mashoma emabhuku mashoma esainzi.
Semudzidzi, Ernst akave shamwari nevamiriri vazhinji vemuzvikamu zvekugadzira - Heinrich Kampendoncom, Karl Fisten, Johann Kulendan naAugustus Mac. MuAutobiography yakanzi yaive munharaunda ino inofambira mberi iyo akasarudza kuti ave muimbi uye akafunga nezve kuratidzwa kwavo.
Kurangarira zvidzidzo zvababa, zvakanyorwa zvevakareva uye zvakanyorwa uye kugadzirisa maitiro, akashanyira hurukuro pamakwenzi ehunyanzvi. Akazotumira anoshanda akati wandei akabudirira muBonn gallery uye akatanga kutarisira kuita, azere nemanzwiro anotyisa.
Hupenyu Hwako
Munguva yehondo yenyika yekutanga, Ernst akamuka neanobuda madhimoni, akabereka mwanakomana Jimmy, uye akabva aisa kurambana. Mushure mehukama hupfupi neiyo muimbi uye munyori Leonor, Carrington max akaroora muAmerican uyo akatenga muunganidzwa webasa rake.Peggy Guggenheim akatsigira vatenzi uye akatarisira zviitiko zvake, achironga mairatidziro evanhu vazhinji neshamwari. Asi imba iyi yakawira zvakare mushure memusangano neDorothea kutuka, uyo akaita kuti nomubvumire mufaro kwemazuva marefu.
Kupenda
Mushure mekusikwa kwekutanga kwakaratidzwa muStoninish Intonition, Mako akagadzwa mukugona kwake uye nekuziva kuti akasarudza genre chaiyo. Asi Hondo Yenyika yekutanga yakamanikidzwa kuenda kuhondo yeGerman uye yakakwenenzvera yakasimba uye ine hutsinye kune vatenzi vemunguva yemberi.
Muna 1919, Ernst akadzikama muzvimisikidzwa emiyepi uye, asvika muCologne, akatanga kufarira iyo A.-Garde kuyerera kweDada. Scandals yakabatana nevaridzi vanotyisa vakabata jaya, uye akasarudza kuyedza simba rake pachavo nenzira inofambira mberi yebarire.
Pasi pezita rekunyepedzera raDavidamax Ernst, iyo ichangobva kubatanidzwa yakabatana yakaita fotocatalogs uye kugutsa iyo isinganzwisisike kuratidzwa, izvo zvaisanganisira mabasa ekurwara kwepfungwa. Nekuda kweizvi, pakange paine kukakavara nevabereki vakarambidza kuoneka pamba, uye kufarira kukurumidza kugona kwenguva yakati.
Nekudaro, iyo Artist yakakwanisa kujairana neiyo French yakafanana nenzvimbo yeEloire uye galle - Muenzaniso weEl Salvador Dali. Akanyora mufananidzo weSurrealistic anonzi "nzou dzechiratidzo" uye ndokutaura nekusuwa kuti yaive mazuva anofara.
Muma1920s, akatamira kuParis kune mumwe munhu pasipoti yemumwe munhu, Elnst, akafuridzirwa nevatinoshanda navo vazhinji, vakasika nhamba yakati wandei. Nehurombo, kuitira kuti uongorore "musangano weshamwari" uye "zvakanaka saddenza", vatsoropodzi nevanyori vezvakaitika kare havana kutora gore rimwe.
Max haana kumbobvira asiya kuedza kupfuma uye kuve mukurumbira, kugadzira maitiro matsva, sekuruswa uye boutout. Akaburitsa zvigadzirwa zvemitambo uye akanyora mifananidzo mifananidzo, uye akazova munyori wemumukuru weNyika, anonzi The Noble-Collage.
Muna 1931, rombo rakanaka kunyemwerera naro muimbi, uye basa rake rakarendwa kuti riratidzirwe muUnited States. Uye ipapo mubasa raErnst, nguva inobereka kwazvo nguva yakapera, umo tarenda remuranda uye svutugadzike raizoratidzwa zvizere.
Pamweya wezuva rekuzvarwa kwechi 522, max akanyora mufananidzo wekufananidzira uyo wakakamurwa kuita zvikamu uye zvaisanganisira zvikamu zvishanu. Mushure meizvozvo, akasika chifananidzo che "Capricorn" uye "asingaiti", uyo akazova embodimendi yeiyo yakanyanya kusanzwisisika evant-garde mazano.
Rufu
Musi waApril 1, 1976, muimbi ane makore makumi masere nemasere akafa, izvo zvinokonzeresa rufu hazvina kuziviswa pachikumbiro chehama neshamwari. Mushure memariro mumakuva weParismy, kufarira basa raErnst kwakakura nguva zhinji, uye akave gamba rezvinyorwa, mabasa ezvinyorwa uye zvinyorwa.Pendi
- 1916 - "Towers"
- 1919 - "Trophy, hyperroport"
- 1920 - Dada-Gogen
- 1921 - "Kugadzirwa kweBone Glue"
- 1921 - "Nzou Kebhari"
- 1922 - "Musangano weShamba"
- 1922 - "Kukura Kwemukati Kukura"
- 1923 - "Petail kana Night Shanduko"
- 1937 - "Varvara"
- 1944 - "Oco Runyararo"
- 1945 - "Muedzo weSt Anthony"
- 1969 - "Kuzvarwa kweGirazi"