Pakupera kwezana raXvie Peter ini, achida kusimbisa pesvedzero yenyika pagungwa, yakarairwa kuti igadzire ngarava, inokwanisa kutsungirira muvengi chero upi zvake. Kubva panguva iyo ngarava dzakavakwa pamusoro pemutemo wamambo wekutanga weRussia, ngarava dzakaderedzwa, dzakapfuura makore anopfuura mazana matatu. Munguva yakapfuura, tekinoroji yekuvakwa kwengarava zvachinja, zvikepe zvacho zvakaratidza kuti "zvikepe" muhukuru, uye chikepe cheRussia, nekudada nekudada kwakamutsa mureza weimwe yakasimba Pasi.
Maboss mazhinji ngaasikwa muSoviet Union, asi kutsveneswa kutsva kweRF Navy kwaive kugadzirira, uye "Vitiveazi" vari kutaurwa nezvinodiwa nehunhu uye zvinhu zvakakura kwazvo zve Chikepe cheRussia uye kwavanowana "mubairo" weiyo huru yegorofu hofori, ichataura muna 24cmi.
"Admiral Fleet yeSoviet Union yeKendersov"
"Admiral Fleet yeSoviet Union yeKenderSov" - Chikepe chikuru kwazvo muRussia chikepe chechikepe chechikepe uye che-imwe-chinobatanidza mune zvese zvakanakira kutakura ndege, pane Deck iyo iyo inokwanisika kuisa uye kuchengetedza nendege 28 ndege uye makumi maviri nematatu mahebhu nemidziyo ine roketi zvombo.Madzitateguru
"Kuznnetsov" yakava kukura kwepurojekiti 1143 "dhizaini", ivo vagadziri vavaive vashandi veNevb pasi pehutungamiri hweArkady Marinich. Pamabhuruku akagadziridzwa kubva muna1970 kusvika 1978, 4 Apiance cruisers akavakwa. 1143 pachayo kuenderera kwe "Condor" mutsara (1123), izvo zvaisanganisira mota dzekutora-spormarine-helikopta yekutarisa, yakagadzirirwa kuona uye kuparadza pasi pevhu muvengi anokwanisa.
Midziyo yakagadzirwa pasi pepurojekiti 1143 yakanga isina yakazara-yakadzika nzvimbo yekutandarira uye yakanyorwa ndege (svutugadzike) yaivapo yeKo-26 ine nhamba yezviuru kusvika pamakumi matatu kusvika makumi maviri nemashanu. Asi tsika yekushandisa yakaratidza kusafunga kwekugara pane yak-38 ngarava. Iyo ndege yakanga isina-on-board radar chiteshi kupfuura british-bombard-bombarder "haririer" yaive yakaderera maererano nehunhu, uye yakasarudzika nezvombo zvisina kusimba.
Kutadza kufaira
Nekuda kwezvakangowanikwa zvichishandiswa neSVP uye kushaikwa kweSVP uye kushaikwa kweSVP uye kushaikwa Kwemakwenzi ", dzimwe nzira dzinoda kukudziridzwa kwezvikepe zvinokwanisa kutora padanho rekutora tsika. Muzvikuru, ngarava 3 dzakagadzirwa papurojekiti rakapedziswa na1981:- "Valleg" (1143.6), akaiswa pasi muna 1985 uye akabatwa mushure mekudonha kweUSSr mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kujeka, akatengesa "aimbo china, akashandura ngarava kuenda kuNzvimbo inotakura ndege inorira;
- "Ulyanovsk" (1143.7), zviratidzo zvakasarudzika zvinowanikwa neyakagadziriswa mota. - Kuumbwa kwechikepe kwakatanga muna 1988, asi mumakore mana cruiser yakavharirwa mumakwikwi ehupfumi mamiriro ehupfumi iyo nyika;
- "Admiral Kuznetsov" (Zvinorema Aviance Cruiser yeProjekiti 1143.5), BrainChild "yechivako chakagadziriswa, chakapihwa muna 1991 muchivanhu cheRussian Federation, mumapoka eiyo Akatakura zva 2018, paakatumirwa kuZvekusingaperi uye kuisazve midziyo muMurmansk ngarava yekugadzirisa, apo sekutanga kwe2020 gadzirisa uye kuzvidzora kwerudzi.
Zvinangwa
Basa guru reiyo 743.5 "Admiral Kuznetsova" yakagadzirwa pasi pepurojekiti yaive basa rekudzivirira. Chikepe chengarava chakavimbisa kuchengetedzeka kweatomu munzvimbo dzekurwisa patrol uye kuchengetedzeka kwematare, kwaiita sekutsvaga nekuparadzwa kwemvura yepasi pemvura nemvura. Zvakare, mabasa enzvimbo yendege aisanganisira kufukidza kutakura kwekutakura masimba emasango anoshaya. Basa pedyo neVamwe vanhu mapepa kuti vatyisire kurwiswa kwekushandisa mubasa rakarairwa neyekugadzira ngarava huru yechikepe chechikepe cheRussia, chisina kubatanidzwa.
Maitiro ehunhu uye nehunyanzvi
Nekumusoro-soro kwemakumi matanhatu ematani ematani eTBCr, iyo inotevera zviyero ndeiyi:- Kureba kwemhino kune iyo nherera ndeye 306 m;
- Upamhi - 72 m munzvimbo yakawedzerwa;
- Kureba Kwakawanda - 65 m.
Catanic Armor, ane cabinet chidzidzo "Dry compartments", chidziviriro pamusoro peTorpedo ine matatu matanda. Muscular yekuisa (cutlubin ine 4 shafts) inokubvumira kukudziridza kukurumidza kusvika ku54 km / h (29 nodes). Stroke Reserve - kubva pamakumi mana kusvika ku8 zviuru zvegungwa mamaira mamaira zvichienderana nekumhanya.
PaBhodhi Iyo Cruiser inotakura yakaoma ye Radar uye Navigation Equipment, Anti-Ndege, Anti-Submarine uye Rocket Zvombo uye Res kuoma - parizvino iri kuvandudzwa. Pane flight deck inobvumidzwa kuve yakavakirwa kusvika pamakumi mashanu (SU-33, mig-29, Su-27) uye Helicoputa (KA-KA-KA-KA-29).
Kuwanda kwevashandi ndi1960 vanhu. Nguva yekutora kwekutyaira - mazuva makumi mana nemashanu.
Chokwadi chinonakidza
Kubva pane zvisizvo manhamba ehunhu hwekutamira kune zvinonyanya kufadza - chokwadi chechokwadi chakabatana neyemagedhi airema cruiser "Admiral Kuznetsov".
Operation pseudomonym
Zita rake razvino ndiyo ngarava huru yechikepe chechikepe cheRussia chisingangodaro. Paunenge uchigadzira muKB, ngarava yakarongwa kudaidza kuti Soviet Union. Padanho rekuisa, sarudzo yakagadziridzwa - ngarava yakagashirwa zita rekuti "riga".Asi panguva yekuvaka, munyori wekutanga weDEMPEN COMENTENTEE akafira munaNovember 10, 1982. Nezve dambudziko riri munaNovember 22, Cruiser akatumidzwa Leonid Brezhnev, achipa mutero kune ndangariro dzemutungamiri wenyika. Izita raimbove rekare rezvinyorwa zvakaburitswa mubhodhi reTavkr uye vakaburukira pamvura musi waDecember 4, 1985 - kupedzisa kwakaramba kuchibva ipapo.
MunaAugust 1987, hutungamiriri hwechikepe hwakafunga "chikepe" chikepe zvekare - zvino mutakuri wendege weCruiser akatendeuka kuita Tbilisi. Pasi pezita reguta reGeorgia reGeorgian, ngarava yakapfuura kusvika pakupera mumuedzo we1990, shure kwaizvozvo, ainzi Nikolai Gerastsov - aive nemusoro wegamba weSoviet Unil, uyo akananga USSR Navy kubva 1939 kusvika 1946 uye kubva 1951 kusvika 1953.
SAMPLE PLUMAGE
Kusvika 1989, chete helikoputa uye svp zvakabva kure kubva padanho rengarava dzeSoviet. Musi waNovember 1, panguva yekuedzwa, pane iyo deck ipapo Tbilisi yakaita yekutanga kutakura iyo SU-5k ndege pasi pekutonga kwemutyairi weAyedzo Pugachev. Uye yekutanga kubvisa neiyo brand, mig-29k naTurktar Aubacirov semutyairi akabva.
Zvinobatsira
Musungwa muna 1936, Montreux yegungano pamusoro pekudzora kweBopsusus uye dardanelles, vanorambidza ndima yevatakuri vemvura mumvura yeGungwa dema, vachisiya kodzero yekushanyira ngarava dzevhu. Panguva imwecheteyo, chibvumirano chakanyoreswa kuti kana zviito zvekupi kwechikepe hachisi chinangwa chikuru chechikepe, ipapo, kunyangwe chiri kushomeka nehope deck, chombo chakadai chinotariswa kutakura ndege. Zvombo zvinovaka, zvombo zvematombo uye kuiswa se "Avianest cruiser" inoita "kuAdmiral Kuznetsov" iyo chete ndege yekutakura, iyo inotenderwa kuve mumvura yeGungwa dema.Phoenix
MunaDecember 2019, kana ichipfuura muchengeti wechiitiko uye kuzvishandiswa kuRunyararo muMurmansk Chikepe chechikepe, mazana matanhatu emamita mita akamuka pachikepe. m, kubviswa kwaro kwaifanira kupedza zuva. Nekuda kwechiitiko ichi, vanhu vaviri vakafa, uye gumi nemaviri vakatambira kupisa nekukuvara. Chiitiko chacho chakatsamira nguva dzekuvandudzwa kweiyo croiser yegore.
Yakanyarara yakanyarara muEurope, kana nezvevatengesi
Mumapoka echikepe chekuchamhembe, ipo "ku" Kuznetsova "kunyoreswa zviri pamutemo munaJanuary 1991, asi muridzo wakaramba uri mumvura pedyo neSevastopol. Nekudaro, munaNovember, Mutungamiriri wengarava Yistor Yarygin yakagamuchirwa neTelegraph Mharidzo kubva Leonid kravchuk, iyo Ukraine Verkhovna Rad, iyo yakaratidza kuti mhando yacho ndeyeUkraine uye inofanira kuramba iri mumvura yayo yeUkraine.
Mutungamiriri akafunga kuti Referendamu pane rusununguko haisati yaitwa uye nedzidzo yakadai, seUkraine, asati avapo, uye akasarudza kuita maererano nezvirongwa zvehutungamiri hweUSSR uye pachezvake vasvika counter-admiral officer yury ustimno.
Pausiku hwaNovember 30, "KuzNetsos" kuruboshwe Sevastopor uye vakananga kuna Bosporus. Kwemazuva makumi maviri neshanu, ndanga ndakurudzira Europe, mukuru weboka revaAvia akasvika munaViyeyevo.
Chikamu chevatyairi uye ndege nengarava mukushambira haina kubva, yakasara muSevastopol. Vamwe vakaramba kudengenyeka muUkraine uye vakazotevera kuenderana neye 279th Russian calm yekufambisa kwechikepe. Uye mhiko yeUkraine yakabvumirwa munguva pfupi yakadzingwa - iyo nyika yakanga isina ngarava dzeAviance.