Josip Brz Tito - Mufananidzo, Biography, Hupenyu Hwako, Chikonzero Chorufu, Mutungamiri weYugoslavia

Biography

Josip broz Tito kune vagari veBalkan, saJoseph Stalin yeRussia, mune zvematongerwo enyika, vane kutonga kwemakore ekutonga kwekuita kwakakosha uye zviitiko zvinosiririsa. Vazhinji vagari vazhinji, zvisinei, uye vanoremekedzwa (uye vanoremekedza) nekuda kwesarudzo dzakaoma, kunonzi kubereka kudzvinyirira, vanorema veYugoslavia.

Hudu uye Vechidiki

Provesit Zita Zvematongerwo enyika - Josip Brz. Akazvarwa muna Chivabvu 7, 1892 kuKorovice, musha uri muCroatia Zagorne, iyo yaive chikamu cheAustria-Hungary. Iye ndiye wechinomwe kana wechisere mwana FROZA uye Mary Zavervca. Zvakaoma kuona iyo chaiyo kurongeka nekuti vana vakafa vakazvarwa mumhuri.

Tito ipsonym iyo yezvematongerwo enyika yakanyorerwa pasi pezvinyorwa zveCommunist. Zvingangodaro, Tito akadana varume vese kubva kuCroatia Zagani. Sezvo nyaya inoratidza, pseudominm inosungirirwa zvekuti akazova zita rizere.

Gunyana Josip Broza yaive divi raamai Sloveniki. Panguva yekusvika kuchikoro, mukomana aive nani ari nani mutauro weSalveni, kunyangwe aive nyika yakasanganiswa, akazvirangarira akavanzika kuna Baba vake.

Yakapera kubva paGetty Mifananidzo

Muna 1900, Tito akaenda kuchikoro kwaKorovtsz. Kunyangwe mukirasi yekutanga, ruzivo rwakapihwa kwaari zvakaoma. Uku kupurwazve kuputika: kusvikira kufa kwezvematongerwo enyika kwakanyorwa nezvikanganiso.

Mushure mekusunungurwa muna 1905 (mune yechipiri giredhi yandaifanira kudzidza kaviri) Tito akashanda papurazi remhuri. FANO Broz, uyo aida ramangwana remwanakomana wake mumupendero wakaderera uye husina kugadzikana, hwakachengetedza mari yekufambisa muUnited States. Semhedzisiro, muna 1907, Tito akasara, asi kuCroatia Sisak District District kumrovitsy), uko hama yake yaishandira.

Basa raTito rakazadzwa: Akashumira chikafu mumaresitorendi, kutsiva pamabhasitorendi, akabva aidza mheremhere uye akakosha pamitemo yemotokari škoda naBenz. Jaya raifamba richipoterera nyika, akadzidza mitauro yeGerman uye czech.

Hondo yenyika yekutanga yakawana sergeant yakakura Tito muAustro-Hungary mauto. Akazviratidza pachezvakangwara.

Kurume 25, 1915 Tito akakuvadzwa. Semusungwa wehondo waipedza muchipatara pasi peKazan, musha weSVIYazhsk, mwedzi mitatu. Jaya racho rakatambudzwa nekurwiswa kwe pneumonia neTyphi. Panguva dzekuvhenekerwa, Tito akadzidzisa Russian uye kujairana neClassics - Iko kusikwa kweIvan turgenev uye shumba tolstoy. Muna June 1917 akakwanisa kutiza.

Hupenyu Hwako

Iye anonyanya kuzivikanwa ndiye mukadzi wekupedzisira Tito - Yovanka, asi muhupenyu hwomunhu ega ega reko pakanga paine mamwe makuru.

Tito akatanga kusarudzwa yaive Pelagia Denisovna Behulov. Iyo fates yakauya navo muOmsk: Musikana akavanda musungwa wehondo wehondo. Muchato wakaitika muna Ndira 1920. Ipapo Tito aive nemakore makumi manomwe, uye beulokova - chete vana vashanu chete 15. Vakaberekerwa muwanano, asi mwanakomana chete ndiye akapona.

Yakapera kubva paGetty Mifananidzo

Tito naPelageya vakarambana muna Kubvumbi 1936, sezvo wezvematongerwo enyika akadanana neCommunist Ana Köning (iyewo Elsa Lauer). Vaviri vacho vakakwanisa kungove vakaroora - muna 1937, musikana akapomerwa mhosva uye akapfurwa. Gare gare, iyo data pane hukama hwaTito nemukadzi uyu akadzimwa.

Muna 1940, vezvematongerwo enyika vakaroora helter haas. Muna May 1941, vaive nemwanakomana Alexander. Kuva muwanano, Tito kwakanganisa kuRoma naDavaiangka Powanikoro Powanovich, uyo muna 1946 akafa kubva ku tuberculosis.

Yovanka Broz - Wakatozivikanwa Wounyanzvi Tito. Vakaroora muna Kubvumbi 1952. Muchato uyu wakanzwikwa neruzhinji, wezvematongerwo enyika akatopomera mukadzi wake mukugadzirira kweshanduro yeNyika uye kuparadzaniswa kweYugoslavia. Ivo vanoti ivo vakarambana mumakore ekuma1970s, nguva pfupi pamberi paTito. Pakanga pasina vana vose.

Tito Kukura - 170 cm.

Zvematongerwo enyika

Basa rezvematongerwo enyika reJosip broz Tito yakatanga muna 1920 kubva mukujoinha mubato wechiComoslavia. Pakazosvika makore makumi matatu nematatu ainzi "nyanzvi yekuchinja." Anenge musimboti wevhiki nevhiki akasungwa, zuva rega rega rakauya kumba nekutsvaga. Tito, achiziva tsamba yemutemo, pese paakabuda kunze kwemvura.

MunaNovember 1928, nyaya iyi yakanga ichiri kujeri: Tito akarambwa kwemakore mashanu emabasa echiCommunist. Zvematongerwo enyika zvakapihwa rusununguko muna Kurume 1934, voenda nguva yakazara. Akava munhu asingadiwe kuti akabva abva Yugoslavia. Muna June 1935, Tito akatanga kusangana naJoseph Stalin.

MunaAugust 1937, Tito akagadza muchengeti anoita secretary weCommunist weYugoslavia, uye muna Ndira 5, 1939 akatenderwa muhofisi.

Nguva dzinorema dzakauya. Vazhinji vevazhinji vanomanikidza. Tito akakurudzira Czechoslovakov kuti ariridze iye. Zviuru zvevazvipiri vakasvika kumumiriri weCzechoslovakia muBelgrade kupa rubatsiro.

Hondo yechipiri yenyika yechipiri yaizouraya balkan kana tito isina kumira mumusoro wekufamba kwekupokana. Iyo Soviet Union yakanga yakanyatsobatsira kurwa. Germany, vanonzwa simba, vakazivisa kuvhima kwake kumutungamiri chaiwo mudunhu, asi haana kubudirira. Pashure pa1945, vanhu vanonzi Tito vanosunungura yeYugoslavia.

Iyo post-yehondo nguva inodiwa shanduko, kunyanya muchimiro cheBhodi yeYugoslavia. Vazhinji vakataura vachitsigira muRepublic. Musi waMarch 7, 1945, Tito akasarudzwa nemuranda wehurumende yeiyo nzvimbo itsva yeiyo Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia.

Pasi pehunyanzvi hweTito, uto reYugoslav vanhu vakasikwa - simba rechina rakatenderedza pasirese, kudzikinhira kwakawanda kwakaitwa kurwisa vashoma, Chechi yakadzvanywa. Asi huwandu hwevanhu vakavimba zvizere.

Mumwe wevashoma vasina kufarira chimiro chemaitiro aTimo aive Joseph Stalin. Ivo vanoti akatoronga akati wandei kuedza kuuraya prime minister, asi hapana korona nekubudirira. Tito akapindura kutyisidzira kuStalin:

"Rega kutumira vanhu kuti vandiuraye. Isu tatobata mashanu - imwe ine bhomba, imwe ine pfuti. Kana iwe usingaregi kutumira mhondi, ini ndichatumira zvakare imwe kuMoscow imwe. Ini handidi kutumira yechipiri. "

Hushamwari pakati peBalkan uye USSR yakatangazve nikita Khrushchev. Muna 1955, akauya kuna Tito, uyo panguva iyoyo anga atove mutungamiri wenyika yeYugoslavia, uye akakumbira ruregerero nekuda kwezviito zvehutsinye zveStalin.

Yakapera kubva paGetty Mifananidzo

Semudhoni, Tito anoshingairira kusimbisa mutemo wekunze. Houshamwari hwehukama hwemisoro yemutungamiri emutungamiri weThe State Balkan ikozvino ari kugadzira kujekeswa kweYugoslavia Museum muBelgrade. Tito aive shamwari neWinston Churchill, Richard Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev. Vanoti, kubva pakutsvoda kwechinyakare kwekupedzisira, Tito akamboputira muromo.

Muna 1971, huwandu hwevanhu veYugoslavia munguva yechitanhatu vakasarudza Tito nemutongi wake, uye muna 1974 akashandura Bumbiro, achizvizivisa nemutungamiri wehupenyu. Kubva panguva imwe chete iyoyo, mutungamiri weBalkan akazodzika mugwaro rekunze.

Rufu

Hutano hwakatanga kuunza Tito muna 1979. Kunyanya kutambudzika kweropa kutenderera kwemakumbo mumakumbo. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu ave aine njodzi zvekuti vanachiremba vakasarudza kugura makumbo akasara. Mutungamiri Yugoslavia vakaramba zvakanaka, vakazvipira kurufu kubva kune gangrenus utachiona. Kana vanakomana vachiri vachinyengetedza Tito kuti vatore kuvhiyiwa, zvakange zvanonoka.

Josip broz Tito akafa musi waMay 4, 1980, 3 mazuva pamberi pegumi nemasere ekutanga. Chikonzero cherufu chiri chegere. Nhamba yekodhi yezvematongerwo enyika yakauya kumariro ake, kusanganisira 4 Mambo, mutungamiri 31 Mutungamiri, machinda matatu, makumi maviri nevatungamiriri, makumi mana nevatanhatu vashumiri vevatorwa.

Mumba yemaruva muBelgrade, uko muviri waTito uri kuzorora pasi pemarble slab, imba yese yakazvipira zuva rekusuwa. Masvingo anoshongedza mufananidzo wepamutemo wevatori vechikamu ezvematanho emitambo.

Iyo biography yeTito yakashanda sehwaro hwenyanzvi hwakawanda uye zvinyorwa. Zvakanakisa zveMamiriro ese eYugoslavia, Mutongi wake anoshingaira, anoshuma Drama "uye ini" (1992).