Biography
Pfupi, zita rake raro muGreek yekare raireva "rakakomberedzwa nokubwinya," aive munhu akasarudzika, mutauri uye mutungamiri wemauto eAtene. Mumwe murume akazozivikanwa seMuvambi uye mutsigiri wenyika yekare, pamwe nemurume akavaka Acropolis, Tembere yaHermes, Purollera naParfenon.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Perisheni yainzi yainzi mwanakomana waXantippa, akaberekwa anenge 494 BC. Ns. Mumhuri, uko vamiririri vekubereka kwekubereka vana vakabatana munguva yakapfuura. Mutsetse wemurume wacho wakatora kutanga kubva kuimba inoremekedzwa yeBuzigov, uye chikara chakabatanidzwa neAlkmeonides, inozivikanwa kune dzinoverengeka dzepfungwa.
Baba vemutungamiri wenguva yemberi uye mukurukuri vakava muuto vakakurumbira uye vanhu vezvematongerwo enyika, vakananga kuTeheji mapoka eAtene, mune zvekare zvakabatanidzwa muhondo yeTrojan. Amai, ndiro zita reAnglist, rakarera vana vaPeriicla uye vachiramba, pamwe nemusikana, nyanga hama dzenzvimbo dziri parutivi.
Sezvo kubva kuchizvarwa kusvika kuchizvarwa chemadzitateguru emunguva yemberi ndezvechiGiriki chekare chechiGiriki, ivo havana kuramba vasina hanya nekuiswa kwekutyisa kwemazana emakore. Panguva iyoyo, kutyisidzira kwePezhiya kuAtene kwakawedzera nemapati ezvikadzi, anofarira kutapwa uye kuparadzwa kwemhuri dzakazvitsaurira uye dzimba dzakasimba.
Baba naBabamunini vedzinza raAlkmeonid vakaburitswa nemwenje uye, vazvidza munharaunda, vakaenda kunonongedzera kwamakore gumi. Zviitiko izvi zvakaisa chigunwe kune yekutanga biography yezvinhu uye, zvichienderana nevatsvagiri, vakasiya vanga mumoyo yevana uye chiratidzo chisingaremerwa.
Pasina hanya nechirevo, mukomana haana kukwanisa kuwana dzidzo yakanaka, nekuti, sekuwanda kweiyo aristocrats, inotarisirwa nevadzidzisi. Akateerera kune iyo yepamusoro nzira yeuzivi, mabhuku uye dzidziso yemimhanzi, maererano nendangariro dzemunyori wenhoroondo dzePlutarch, uyo akarondedzera hupenyu hwevanhu vane mukurumbira.
Pasina kuwana kugona kwakatanhamara muhudiki, zvanyoro mirira kudzoka kwevatapwa, izvo zvaive zvisati zvaitika kudarika nguva yekupera kwekupedzisira mukupindira kwekupindira kwesimba repamusoro. Pamwe chete navo, jaya raive pamwe chete navo, jaya rakabatana nevatsigiri vemitemo yaKimon, avo vakabata degorocy kubuda uye vakave gamba rinozivikanwa.
Hupenyu Hwako
Maererano nezvakataurwa zvevanyori venhoroondo, vashoma vemudiwa akanaka uyo akadaira basa revakadzi vaivepo muupenyu hwomunhu ehupenyu hwekare. Chekutanga cheizvi chaive chechitendero uye chinonamata deeva turelezippa, asi nekuda kwekutenda kuKehitista maonero ePeriicla, muchato uyu wakaitwa.Pave nekurongedza ramangwana regehena rakasarudzwa, chiGiriki chaive chakarererwa chevana reropa mutariro yetariro yekugadzira kubva ku xanthip uye chena yakaumbwa nevarume vakaumbwa. Asi zano racho rakundikana nekuda kwekuonekwa kweiyo yakanaka yeAspasia, uyo akapa Democrat nemutungamiriri makore mazhinji anofara uye anofara.
Zvinosuruvarisa, mutemo wakasimba wakarambidza Periicla kuti aroore musikana, nekuti aive asiri mugari weAtene. Asi nekuda chinzvimbo chakakurumbira munharaunda, mwanakomana wechitatu zvisiri pamutemo akakwanisa kuwana chimiro chemugari wemugari asina kuwana amai.
Pasina munhu asina kana chikonzero chakazivikanwa, chiGiriki chakakora nemwanakomana wedangwe, uye nekufamba kwenguva, Xantipp akatanga kuvenga baba vake. Akasungirirwa emwanasikana waTisandra, nyonganiso yakangosangana nehanya, apo mwana wepakati uye hanzvadzi akafa nekuda kwedenda.
Pashure pezviitiko izvi zvinosiririsa, chiGiriki chakaswedera kuAlkiviad, hama, uyo aionekwa seanogamuchira zvakanaka, mukusiyana neyega. Asi murume wechidiki anofarira haana kuzadzika netarisiro yekubatsira uye mudzidzisi, nekuti airatidza tsika yekudzvinyirira uye akazvidza vanhuwo zvavo.
Basa
Munzvimbo ye722 BC. Pazeya vakananga kuboka reAlkmeonides, sezvo nekuda kwekuvonga kwechiuto kwaive kwatove kugona kuzvitaura. Kutendeuka kubva kuTuranny maonero eDemocratic uye kurwa kunotyisa naMutongi Kimon kwakakanganisa ramangwana rechiGiriki uye vakaita basa rakatsanangurwa mukupedzisira.
Kuverengera basa rekupikisa nekunatsa iyo Athens Theatre, murume, maererano nevamwe vaongorori, vakava mutsivi evarume vanokudzwa. Akashanda pamwe nemunyori wekuchinja kweATOPAGU neEFIDT uye akagamuchira kuendeswa kwemabasa neungano yevanhu. Nekufamba kwenguva, akazova mugari akasarudzika uye anozivikanwa semutungamiriri weiyo yekare mutemo.
Achitaura nezvakarukwa, zvakanyanza democracy zvakava zano, asi vaAtene vakatambura nekukundwa kwakawanda panguva yehutsinye husina kuenzana nehondo. Pasinei neizvi, mukuru wemauto akatsigira vagari vemo uye vagari vemo, masayendisiti ane mbiri, vazivi, vanyori uye dzimwe pfungwa dzakavhenekerwa.
Kutenda kune izvi, iyo zuva rekare retsika yechiGiriki yekare yakatanga, inosanganiswa nezita revaenzi fidiya, ane zvipenga zvakazadza Parenon mumakore apfuura. Mutongi weimba yemari akarairwa kuvaka propelleans uye chifananidzo cheAtene, pamwe netemberi yaMwari Gefesta uye nemimhanzi pfuma - Odeon.
Mune zvematongerwo enyika, zvinoverengeka makore akati wandei, ruri ruri rakaenderera netsika dzeSolon, uye guta guru racho rakave neusiku hwehupfumi hwenyika. Rudo rwevagari vakagamuchira kodzero dzisingambowirirane uye rusununguko kubva kuNyika rwakatanga pamwe nekugara zvakanaka mubayiro webasa.
Mumakore gumi apfuura, nyonganiso yacho yakasvika padhuze somutauri nekuda kwekutaura kwakasimba pamweya inotaurwa muminda yehondo yePeloponnesia. MaGreek akanyatsovhiringidza mhirizhonga nemapuraneti emitemo yeDemocratic, asi nyaya yakatumira mauto ekwaKara muchimiro che "denda rinouraya".
Mutongi akarasikirwa nepesvedzero yezvematongerwo enyika, achirera kutadza nekutuka kwakajairika, uye akabva apomerwa mhosva yehunyengeri hwemari nedzimwe zvivi zvakakomba. Zvakangodaro, zita rake rakaremekedzwa kuGreece mumakumi emakore anotevera, uye nekutenda nekuedza kwevalipphers kwakabatwa mumazana emakore.
Rufu
Nhunzi, dzine ruzivo nemurume mumakore achangopfuura upenyu, akataura hutano hweDemocrat uye akarega simba orgwe. Muna 429 BC Ns. Mushure mekusarudzwa kwesarudzo inotevera, iyo Greek Strategist muchidimbu munguva yemberi uye yakanzwa tariro.
Maererano neMumelor of Plutarch, pamusoro pevafudzi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvisingazivikanwe, vakajairana uye shamwari dzakaungana kutenderedza pamubhedha wegwaro rakapihwa mutemo. Vakataura pamusoro pekodzero yake somukuru uye mutungamiriri, iye wakatopihwa mumaoko evamwari uye kusagadzikana.