Biography
Lyon FeChectVange ndiyo munyori ane mukurumbira wenguva yeWeimar republic. Akatsanangurwa kubva kuGermany, akasika makumi maviri emavira, emitambo mizhinji, zvinyorwa uye nyaya dziri pamusoro wekurwisa Nazism uye neyakaitwa hurumende. Pane imwe nguva, lyon feichtvakange yakakurudzira kuumbwa kweBercht kutamba kweBercht. Iye anokurudzirawo vadiki vachifunga, vakasara pakati pevanyori vanotaura chiGerman veGerman vezana ramakore rechigumi.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Munyori akazvarwa musi waChikunguru 7, 1884 muMunich mumhuri yemutendi mukuru wechiJudha Sigmund fecytVange nemukadzi wake Johanna (muBound Boddenheim).
Mumakore iwayo, mhuri zhinji dzechiJudha, kunyanya dzakanaka (Sigmund FeashitVanger, yakagara nhaka yeMargarine kugadzirwa kubva kuna baba vake), muti wamambo waiwedzerwa. Munyori, semuenzaniso, akarerwa nehama nehanzvadzi serezi nehanzvadzi. Nekufamba kwenguva, hupenyu hwakavaparadzira munyika.
Maererano nemuenzaniso wemukoma mukuru, Ludwig naMartin feishthar vakazvitsaurira kumabhuku. Wekutanga akapedza makore makuru ehupenyu kuUK, wechipiri - muIsrael. United States yave utiziro hwehama yechitatu yemunyori. Chechina zvakavhiringidzika mumisasa yevasungwa. Akapesvedzera shanduko yeHurumende ya1933 uye pahupenyu hwehanzvadzi mbiri dzeLyon feichhthhanranger - kubva mukudzvinyirira vaNazi, vakavanda muPalestine.
Lyon Faychthwair's Basic ruzivo rwakatora WilhelmgyMnasium mu Munich's Luxury Lyceum. MuDhiary Akarondedzera zvidzidzo zvake zvinotevera: "... pedantic uye svutugadzike, kuchengetedza uye nyika, isina mitambo; Neshoko risinei nehupenyu chaihwo. "
Mushure mekupedza kudzidza kubva kuLycum muna 1903, Lyon FecytVege akazvitsaurira iye kune vane masasa saana. Akadzidza mabhuku uye uzivi kuMunich, uye mitauro yezvikepe uye yekare muBerlin, kure nemusha nevabereki.
Hupenyu Hwako
Lyon Fehtwarenger akasangana naMarta Lefefler, Native Munich, pamutambo muna 1909. Kupesana nekwavo Vamiriri vevamiriri vechikadzi vakanaka, akasimbisa ruvara rwebvudzi reruvara rwevolonov bapu, uye munyori aifarira blonde. Ivo vanoti haana kurasikirwa nemukana wekuyeuchidza nezvazvo. Pasinei nebvudzi rerubvu, Marata Lafefler aifarira zvinhu zvakatetepa zveLyon feikhthatanger, kukura kwake kusina mini uye mararamiro ehemhemian.Muna 1912, Lefefler haana kungova shamwari yakatendeka, mudziviriri uye museum yeLyan Fehton, asi nemukadzi wake. Akaputirwa, vadikani, nekuda kwechokwadi uye kugona, vasina vana.
Pakaiswa Feikhthaenger musasa wevasungwa, Marita Lefer aisatya kutendeukira kunyika yakasimba yeizvi. Akanyora tsamba gumi nemaviri kune vanhu vane mukurumbira muEurope uye vakanyanya Eleonoera Roosevelt, mutungamiri weThe wethed wethed wetheds Franklin Roosevelt.
Lyon Feakthathuru akakwanisa kuzvisunungura kubva muuranda, kuronga magwaro uye kutiza muUnited States kwete pasina rubatsiro rwaMarita Lefefler. MuLos Angeles, California, mhuri yakararama hupenyu hune mwero uye hwakanyarara.
Marita Leffler akapona pawakaroorana naye kwemakore 29. Akafira mumba mavo muna Gumiguru 25, 1987 mukweguru wekare - pagore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe rehupenyu.
Mundima 1930, Lyoni FeaktVankedzi vakamonyana naRoman nave muimbi Eva muHerrman. Akaperekedza munyori kuenda kuSoviet Union.
Mabhuku
Lyon FeaktVange akatanga senhau uye muparidzi. Musi waApril 30, 1908, mwenje wakaona kuburitswa kwemagazini yake der Spiegews, iyo yakaburitswa ongororo nezve zvinoshanda zvekunyora uye zvigadzirwa zvinoshamisa. Kwehafu yegore ne15 nyaya gare gare, matambudziko emari akamanikidzwa Faychtwange kuti asabatwe ne die Schabühühne - Journal yeSiegfried Jacowson.
Muhondo yenyika yekutanga, Lyon FecytVange akaenda kumberi munaNovember 1914. Pakanga pasina mwedzi, sekubviswa kwayo nenyika yehutano. Nechikonzero ichochi, munyori uye nownember shanduko ya1918.
Pashure pokubudirira sechinhu chinotamba, lyon fecytVange, ivo vakaroora pazano, vachichinjirwa nenhoroondo dzenhoroondo. Kutarisirwa kwayo kwakabhadharwa sezviitiko - Hondo, Civil Coup, Denda uye hunhu. Semuenzaniso, mune yechokwadi "Goya, kana nzira yeruzivo rwezivo" (1951) yakaratidza hupenyu hwechiArtist Francisco Goya. Nenzira, iri ndeimwe yemabasa mashoma eLyon feikhthatanger, iyo yakagamuchira chirevo.
MuBhaibheri remunyori wemunyori kune ma come maviri - "Imba yekumirira" uye "Joseph Flavius". Chekutanga chakatsaurirwa kune "brown chum" - saka muhondo yepamberi pehondo inonzi vechidiki vateveri veAdolf Hitler, vaive brown. Kutenderera kwechipiri kwakafara kupatsanurwa kwetsika yenyika. Vaparadzanise zvinyorwa - "Hondo yechiJudha yevaJudha" (1932), "vanakomana" (1935) Uye "Zuva Richauya" (1945) - Nezve hupenyu hweMutungamiriri weJoseph Flavia inosanganisirwa muchirongwa chakawanda uye chakakwirira chedzidzo.
Mumabasa ake, Lyon Feikhtvange akaitwa naFivenenz: Pakutanga, vazhinji, akaona kutyisidzira kuna Adolf Hitler nezvematongerwo enyika yeNational Socialist vashandi veGerman. Munyori akadhonza satirical mifananidzo yeiyo Fuhrer, Hoolil Nazism. Hazvishamisi kuti mushure mekubviswa kwesimba muna 1933 ainyadzisa.
Mabhuku eLyon Feikhtha, pamwe chete nevanyori 312, vaive pakati pe "mweya wekunze kweGerman" uye kupiswa kwakapiswa. Mumba yemunyori, vakapedza zvekutsvaga, vakabata zvese zvinyorwa uye zvinyorwa zvinogona kufanana nedunhu rerudo. Munyori akabvatira mugari wenyika. Kana aida kudzokera kuGermany, aizove akamirira kutyisa, kusvika pakupfura.
Kana kudzingwa uye kukurudzira lyoni feikhthateng, ipapo chete mutsika. Muna 1933, akagara muFrance nemudzimai wake, kwaiita mavara ake uye aigara achiuya nemari. Nerubatsiro rweShoko, munyori akaramba achigadzirisa masimba pamusoro peNaziism, asi avo, mumaonero ake, yakanga isina simba zvakakwana. Ipapo Lyon fecytVange akaenda kuUSSR.
Joseph Stalin, Mutungamiriri weSoviet Union, akatora munyori sechienzi chepamusoro. Dialogues yavo (kusvika kune iyo quotation) inoratidzwa mubhuku "Moscow-1937" (1937). MuUSSR, akapatsanurwa nekutenderera kwemakopi mazana maviri, uye The Rurefu Rakasimba Joseph Stalin Rayo Ruoko.
Muna 1940, Lyon FecytVange uye mamwe maGerman anogara muFrance akagamuchira vatorwa vasina kusimba. Ivo vakatapwa kumisasa kuti vabatike muBeline, ipapo pasi payo. "Sungwa" zuva nezuva vaifanira kutsungirira nzara uye nezvokutonhora, kusaremekedza hukama, kushanda nesimba. Mukuru wemunyori aive akapfupika kwenguva pfupi - kushungurudzika kwake semukadzi, mwedzi mitanhatu gare gare yakaunza kuUnited States.
Zvakaitika, zvakasangana mu le-migae uye nimea, chinoenderana ne memoos somaya fayhtvan "chert muFrance" (1941).
Mari dzinobhadharwa kubva ku "muJuda ZYUSS" (1934) uye Openheim mhuri (1938) yakatendera munyori wenguva dzose kuti ugare mumazuva akaguma kusvikira pakuguma kwemazuva ake. Pamambakwedza nzira yekugadzira, akagadzira zvinyorwa zvakati wandei - "Spanish Ballad" (1954) uye "iffaiwa nemwanasikana wake" (1957), vakanyora chinyorwa.
Rufu
Muna 1957, Lyon Feaktranger akaonekwa nekenza yeGastric. Chirwere ichi chakakurumidza kufambira mberi, saka pakanga paine kupindira kwekuvhiya. Kubuda kwemukati kwakaitika panguva yekushanda uye kwakonzera rufu.Biography yeLyon Feichhthhinda yakapera Zvita 21, 1958, pagore rechinomwe rehupenyu. Mutumbi wake unozorora paWoodlon Cemetery muSanta Monica, California. Kutonga nemapikicha kubva munzvimbo iyi, guva rinoshambidza ibwe repiri. Padivi pemunyori zorora mukadzi wake.
BHAIBHERI
- 1923 - "Ugly Duchess Margarita Mural"
- 1925 - "MuJuda Zguss"
- 1930-1939 - "Imba yekumirira"
- 1932-1945 - "Joseph Flavius!
- 1936 - "Nhema Neron"
- 1943 - "Hama Lavhenzak"
- 1943 - "Simon"
- 1946 - "Makava Mumunda wemizambiringa"
- 1951 - "Gya, kana nzira yeruzivo rwezivo"
- 1952 - "Uchenjeri hwenhema, kana rufu nekushandurwa kwaJean-jacques rousseau"
- 1954 - "Spanish Ballad"
- 1957 - "Kana] mwanasikana wake"