Nhoroondo Yemunhu
Pulchinell hunhu hunosimudzira hwemumugwagwa Italian comedy del arte. Nhasi akazova chiratidzo chetsika yemugwagwa, achibva kuimba yemugwagwa kune mamwe maindasitiri ehunyanzvi. Hero revanhu rakajeka rakaedzwa pamifananidzo yakawanda uye maitiro akaiswa pane stage Raffaele Viviani, Antonio Petito, Eduardo de Filippo.Nhoroondo yeHunhu Creation
Pullchinell Mask akaoneka pane nhanho pakupera kweiyo Xvi century, pamwe nevamwe vamiriri veSouthern Quartet - Scamucci, tartalia neCovello. Kana ari prehistory yayo, nhamba yeiyo hypotheses inoteverwa pano. Masayendisiti mazhinji ane masimba uye vanyori, kusanganisira Albrecht dietrich, vakapokana kuti akaburitsa chifananidzo cheiyo yekare yeMakkus.
Iyi vhezheni yakatsigirwa nekufanana kwekuonekwa kwevaviri mavara - zvipfeko zvavo nemhando dzevhu. Pulchinell akaoneka mune chimwe chikamu cheItari, uko makore 1,000 zviuru apfuura, komedhiti yakazvarwa nekutora chikamu cheMakwikwi. Nekudaro, kutonga kwakadaro hakuna humbowo hwakavimbika.
Imwe hypothesis inonyanya kuitika uye yakaenzana nekupera kwezana reXI. Iyo Mask yakaonekwa kumaodzanyemba kweItari, achiri kuNorth comedy del Arte yakaiswa kwemakore makumi matatu. Saizvozvo, archetyps nemifananidzo nemifananidzo zvakare vaizivikanwa muchiitiko chekumaodzanyemba.
Mukuwedzera, zvaive zvakafanira kupa setirical stylization kune vamiririri vezvimiriri vakafanana nekuchamhembe vaunoshanda navo - Harlequin uye Brigheli. Saka pulchinell akazviratidza - murombo, anoshanda kana mushandi. Chinangwa chevanhu vekumaodzanyemba, apa nekuda kwekunyepedzera kwekunyepedzera kwekuchena kwerudzi rwevaridzi harina kufanira kutaura. Naizvozvo, hunhu hwakabuda kwenguva refu uye akashandurwa zvichienderana nekugadzirwa.
Iro zita remask rinodudzirwa muItaly se "huku". Kufanana nehukuridzo yakazviratidza pachavo muchitarisiko ingangove yakareba, seyakapenya, mhino, kana scallop.
Pamambakwedza e comedy del art, gamba rakawana zvekuita soga - madhiri. Akava tsvimbo yekutamba, achitsanangura dingindira rake. Sezvineiwo, chitarisiko chake, chimiro chemagariro uye mamiriro emagariro zvinogona kusiyana zvakanyanya, asi kunyange izvi hazvina kubvumira chero chinokosheswa kududzira kubatana neNeapolitan prasur.
Saka, tsika yemitambo yemumugwagwa haina kupindirwa, uye mukurumbira waItaly wakamubvumidza kurarama nhasi.
Mufananidzo uye biography ye pulchinell
Tsananguro yakadzama yeiyo biography yehunhu yakaratidza ruzhinji rwevhariridzo Galliani. Iyo nyaya yebhawa inotanga nenyaya yekuti vatambi vanobva kuComedy del Arte vakadzoka mushure mekuratidzira kuguta rekumaodzanyemba kweNaples. Munzira yavakasangana nevarimi vaishanda paminda yemizambiringa. Vashandi vakaneta vakasarudza kuita chiito, tapureti troupe.Vatambi havana kuramba vari muchikwereti, kunyanya kubvira parutenyubakatwa ndicho chavakanzwa nyanzvi. Varimi vaimhanya zvishoma nezvishoma, vasingakwanisi kuramba vatenzi. Asi pakati pavo pakanga paine mukomana wechidiki mumwe akapa shanduko uye kutuka pasina kumira.
VaKeteans vakarova tarenda rakadaro uye vakasarudza kumukokokoke pachavo muTroupe. Jaya rainzi Puchcho d'eello haana kuramba. Uye munguva pfupi yakatora imwe yenzvimbo dzekutanga mukuzivikanwa pakati pevatambi. Mushure mekufa kwake, Del Artte yakaramba iri mask, iyo yainzi Pulchinell.
Hapana zvishoma zvinonakidza ndiko kushanduka kwenzvimbo yemufananidzo. Nyenzi yechieanom yakaitwa semurwi, uye sembavha, uye semutengesi. Izvo zvinhu zvakazara zvehunhu hwake - kungave upenzi kana hunyengeri. Kubva pamiitiro yakaipa, kushungurudzika uye kushamwaridzana kunosiyaniswa.
Andrea Perusti, iyo comedy yeiyo comedy code del arte, akasimbirira kuti mufananidzo weiyo pulcinell inofanira kubatana chete nehupenzi. Artists avo vakaedza kuratidza basa remugamba rakangwara kana hweunyengeri rakaiswa mukutsoropodzwa kwakaoma.
Veruzhinji vakaita somunhu mumwe chete sekusatendera, vanonzwa manyepo. Naizvozvo, mu Del Arte yakatanga kudzivisa kuedza kuisa pfungwa yeBalguore. Mushure mekufa kwevakakomberedzwa, uyu hunhu hwakadzokera kune akawanda.
Kekutanga, gamba racho rakaonekwa mumigwagwa yeNaples munzvimbo dzevarombo - chena mabhurugwa, iwo mavara akafanana nehembe uye yakasviba yakanzwika ngowani. Pachiso ipapo pakanga paine mask nemhino dzakakurisa. Pashure pacho, Bharazi akasimuka mudumbu uye humps akaoneka. Iyo yekupedzisira yakasarudzwa nekuda kwetsika yekukotama paakarohwa nevatori vekadzi vakakwira.
Panguva yedabhen'i, hunhu hwaive hwakagoverwa Kalach, rudzi rwevaimbi veboka revashandi. Mudzimai wake, zvakadaro, aigara achiraira nyanga dzake. Naizvozvo, murume uyu akazviratidza godo uye kunyange Tyran. Kazhinji akadanidzira, akarwa uye akanyunyuta. Hupenyu hwake hachifadzi, uye mamiriro ezvinhu akawedzera huwandu hwevana vazhinji vari kusangana nenzara uye vanowanzochema.
Pulchinell mune tsika
Pulcinell yakakurumbira seHarlequin, uye kwete muItari chete, asi munyika yese. Izvi zvinonyanya kuteedzerwa mumabhuku, uko gamba raiwanzoitika kwerudzi rwekusarudzika muchimiro chemusoja nemhino dzakaodzwa kana danda rematanda.
Muchiitiko chingaitika, maartist akaona mumutauriri-kuseka zvisingaite zvakanyanya semunhu mupenyu. Pierre leoni gwai dzikagadzira mutsara wekunyora nemufananidzo wemunhu wacho waakaunza akawanda mapiritsi. Semuenzaniso, anodzidzisa vana, anonyora testamende, anorwara kana akangoerekana aine hupfumi.
Alessandro Mazita akanyorera kuraira pendi akati wandei, uko hunhu hukuru hwekuridza gitare, vatasvi pambongoro. Canvas yake inonzi iyo "Pulchinella kiromasi" inowedzera "kutamba kweColombina". Default uye urombo, izvo zvinosanganiswa nehunhu hombe hwehunhu, iyo artist inoratidzwa mu "pulcinell masikati", pane musoro wemhuri unodya pasta macaroni.
Muna 1920, iyo yekutanga yeBallet of Igor Stravinsky yakaitika muGrand Opera Paris. Pakati pehurongwa hwechirongwa - chejeti, umo vakunda vaDr, Rosset uye vakangwara vari murudo. Uye nhoroondo yemunhu mukuru akakweretwa kubva kuNeapolitan manyoro e 1700. Pazano mushure mekuburitswa kwekuita, zano racho raizorwazve Director Ilya Kurarama, Kuburitsa iyo yeruzhinji Ballet "Pulcinell: mutambo wemakadhi."
Muna 2012, pakati penzvimbo yeNaples, chifananidzo chetsamba uye yakawandisa gamba rakatangwa. Iye munyori weiyo sculpture ndeye lello escposito. Mayor Luigi de Madhzhistis akati iya iyi inoda kuti vaite vaItari "kwete kupa", uye zvakare vanoziva nezvevanhu neuzivi hweguta.
Mazhinji emakungwa emhare-balari-balar ane mutengesi akatungamira pakuzvarwa kwemamiriro ezvinhu akaderera uye pachikuva, uye muhunyanzvi hwekuona. Nhasi, uyu munhu ane hunhu anova chiratidzo chinozivikanwa cheNaples. Mufananidzo wemutengesi anonakidza uye unorwara, unochengetwa madhimoni, zvidhori, pendi, mifananidzo pamidziyo uye zvimwe zvinoonekwa-zvinhu zvekuona.
Chokwadi Zvinonakidza
- Iyo French Polysinel uye Chirungu Panch "akakurira" kubva kuItaly Balguore.
- Izwi rekusvinwa rejisi rejessi kubva kuDel Arte vatambi vakaburitswa nerubatsiro rwechikafu - chinhu chakakosha muchimiro chemapuranga maviri.
- Mu duramazwi reItaly, gamba iri rinopihwa tsanangudzo yakadaro, "" Neapolitan Mask, ine hunhu hwokushaikwa kwehunhu. "
BHAIBHERI
- 1960 - "Pulcorella kubhururuka"
- 1931 - "Vatambi vemapuranga"
- 2019 - "hupenyu uye zvinoshamisa zviitiko zveiyo yakakurumbira signora pulcourrella kubva kuNaples"