Biography
Antonio Stradivari - ishe anozivikanwa wekuita chishandiso, nikoko Amati akamudzidzisa, ane hunyanzvi hweva 1600s. Anopfuura mazana mana violins uye anenge mazana maviri cello akaiswa mumamuseum uye nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza dzeEurope uye maguta eAsia akachengetedzwa.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Antonio Stradivari akaberekerwa muguta reItaly reRutungamiriri, zuva chairo raTenzi rine hukama nezvakavanzika zvemazana emakore apfuura. Inofungidzirwa kuti kudzoreredzwa mumhuri yevakaguta vagari vemo yeLombardy kwakaitika muhafu yechipiri ye1640.
Surname, iyo yakatora Italian, yaive nenhoroondo yakapfuma, yakashandurwa kuti "mugwagwa" kana "murume aive neyedhara." Maererano nenyika, madzitateguru akadana ne "Stradivarii" vaiita basa rekunze, vachitevera chiyero chiripo.
Baba vaAlessandro naAnna amai vaAna panguva yekuzvarwa kwaAntoneri vakabhabhatidzwa, vakarera uye vakarera vana vatatu. Iyo geji mu biography yeVilin tenzi inosanganiswa nekurasikirwa kwemagwaro yakaparadzwa nekuda kwedenda rezviuru, izvo zvakakonzera kufa kwezviuru zvevanhu.
Vabereki vemukomana vakapukunyuka nguva yakaoma vaida kuita kuve mudiki mwana vanoita basa rinobatsira. Mwanakomana akapihwa kune vekunamata kuMusiki wemunharaunda weVilinins, mushure menguva yakati rekolo Amati akaita Antonio nemudzidzi.
Vamwe vatsvagiri vemazuva ano vakatenda kuti Stradivariari yechidiki iyi yakatanga naFrancesco Rujerry, muvambi wemasterters dynasty. Mukudai iko kufunga uku, zviridzwa zvemimhanzi zvakamisa dentio denderedzwa pakupera kwegumi nematanhatu zvinoratidzwa.
Mukuwedzera, pakanga paine hypothesisari iyo stradivari yakashanda neanonamata uye trothori pamuti, yakashongedzwa nemavara evapfumi. Achipasa nzira yekutanga yekugadzirira kubva kuFrancesco Paparoli, mukomana akawira pasi pebapiro revadzidzisi vehunyanzvi anozivikanwa mukutenda.
Vabiki vakaitwa naAntonio muZera regumi nematanhatu rakachengetedzwa, zita rake rakaonekwa pamabheji mune 1660s. Iyi yaive yekutanga poindi yebasa rakazvimirira uye yakabatsira mukubudirira kwakazotevera mumimhanzi yeItaly.
Hupenyu Hwako
Muhupenyu hwomunhu oga hwemunhu, makiromita akapindwa nevakadzi vaviri. Mukadzi wekutanga aive Italian, muhudiki hwechirikadzi yosara. Mushure memuchato neFrance farraboshi muna Chikunguru 1667, Stradivari yakawana imba nemakamuri akapamhama uye musangano.Kugara kweCASEL PESCATORE YAKADZWA NENYAYA dzaAkati, vana vashanu vakamirira kwenguva refu vakaonekwa pasi. Ipapo mhuri iyi yakazvarwa mumwe mwana uyo, marongero echechi, akafa aine makore manomwe.
Munzvimbo yegumi nematanhatu, mhuri iyi yakatamira kuPiazza Romani mune estate, naAntonio kuita huwandu hwakasimba hwechiuru chimwe chete. Muimba, murume akagadzira zvivakwa zvekugadzira maakashanda pane maturusi ayo anoyemurirana nenyika.
Mushure mekufa kwemukadzi wekutanga, Stradivari akaroora, nezvaAntonia Maria Zambiya, angangodaro hapana anozivikanwa. Mufananidzo wemakore makumi matatu nemashanu Old Italian, akavaka zvakasara zvehupenyu hwomurume uyu, hwakaonekwa mukunyepedzera, mutori wenhau uye Cinema.
Muchato mutsva wakaunza kuna tenzi wevamwe vashanu venhaka, uyo, maererano nezvinodiwa, vaive nekodzero dzakafanana. Nehurombo, vana havana kuenderera mberi nenyaya yeiyo Great Italian, vari vemapato wechitatu enguva dzekukunda nemhemberero.
Mastery
Mujaya reStrumdivari mukwikwidzi ne Andrea Gvarrery, vaigara mumba maNikolo Amati uye aive pakati pevadzidzi vake. Kuisa zvakavanzika zvevatenzi vematesi eItaly nyika, Antonio akatanga kuyedza mukupera kwegumi nematanhatu.
Kwenguva yakareba, jaya rakanyengerera huwandu uye dzikanhonga izvo zvekushandisa zvishandiso zvinoratidzika zvakanaka. Ainge achitsvaga vatengi vake kubva pakati pevaAristocrats uye akamirira bhangi, akambomira kushanya kumusangano.
Kubva mukugadzirwa kweiyo seti yezvishandiso zvakarongedzwa kuYakov II, iko mukurumbira wemakirimu emakiromita akatanga kusimbisa nekukura. Kuenda kubva kunzira dzinoshanda uye chimiro che nikolo Amati akabatsira stradivari haizodzwe kubva munzira yake yekugadzira.
Muma 1680s, duke Kazimo iii de Medici akatenga batch yakasimba yebhiza remagetsi, cello uye alto. Kutenda kumatsanda akajeka uye nehunyanzvi akavezwa efam, zita reItari rakakurumbira pakati pevamiriri vezvikamu zvepamusoro.
Mukuedza kusimbisa munhu, tenzi akanakidzwa nekarnish rima uye akareba madhiza, ruzha rwunoteedzerwa. Pashure pegumi nematanhatu, zvishandiso zvakava mapfupi nekuda kwekukombama kwemukati, kufanana nedenderedzwa rakabvaruka.
Ndichiri pakati pekugadzirwa kweiyo violin iri muRustona, Stradivari Yakagadzira Harp uye Nhevedzo yeMandolin uye Gitare. Iyo yakakurumbira Spanish violins kubva ku "Royal quintet" yakaunza iyo ine zviito zveItari panzvimbo yakasimba.
Pakutanga kweiyo Xviii century, Stradivari hunyanzvi hwakasvika pamusoro, uye pedyo neimba muRutya, akavhura chitoro chake. Achikurudzira zvishandiso zvakagamuchira mazita ekufananidzira eAntherius Stradivarius Cremondenfis facomat azano - "nguva dzakanaka" uye "dolphin".
Kusiyana neArerea neArea, vakashanda pachikumbiro cheChechi, Antonio akaita mabasa ehunyanzvi hwevamiriri vezvemumiriri wevanhu. Iwo mabhii akashongedzwa nemhando yemunyori, akafarikanya mukurumbira mukuru muvanhu vasingafarire mimhanzi, kubva kumaguta eEuropean.
Kutonga nezvinyorwa zvinyorwa, huwandu hwezvishandiso zvaTraDivari zvakaratidza kuti iyo Italia yakatanga kubatsirwa nevanakomana. Izvo zvinozivikanwa kuti OMOBONE yakaiswa mbichana, uye zvakare ichiitawo kucheneswa kwekupedzisira kweiyo lacquer-yakafukidzwa layer.
Asingadi kushandisa nguva yakakosha pakurera mazera anotevera, Antonio, kusiyana nevamwe vanhu vechiItaly, havana kutora musangano revadzidzi. Mutsivi wemweya aionekwa searidzwa naCarlo Bargonzi kubva kuRetmon, uyo akave akakurumbira mushure mekufa kwemurapi pakupera kweva 1730s.
Zvino mabvumirano eTraDivari, pamwe chete naCello naAlta, vanochengetwa mumuseums pasi uye muzviverengero zvakavanzika zvevanhu vane mukurumbira. Zvishandiso zvakagadzirwa hazvina kukanganiswa nejenti: nekushandiswa kukuru kwemakore mumakore anozove akakosha chete.
Iyo nyanzvi inonzi "kubuda kwezuva Pane violin, Lelbrun akatamba iyo Italian Maestro Nicho Maganini, iyo yainzi tarenda kune iyo European yekusika denderedzwa.
Mamwe mabasa eStradivari airatidza kuuticed at Auctions, mutengo we $ 15.89 miriyoni yaive nechishandiso "Lady Blante". Vamiriri vetsika yetsika vanotenda kuti pane zvakasikwa zveThe Talian tenzi zvakakodzera kutamba chete hunyanzvi hwakasikwa.
Rufu
Tenzi weViivertic aive nerombo rakanaka kupemberera zuva rechi 90, aive nechimiro chenguva refu-yakararama pamifananidzo yemazana emakore ari kure. Stradivari, kunyangwe nematambudziko ehutano ane hukama, akashanda kusvika parufu zvakauya nekuda kwezvikonzero zvisingazivikanwe mukupera kwegumi nemakumi matatu nemakumi mairi.
Ngano yeItaly yakavigwa munhoroondo yekumusha, muGrezta, muguva, iri pedyo neyemakereke emuno. Pamhemberero dzekutongwa, dzakarongeka nevanakomana, nhengo dzemazita uye dzakawanda dzevadiwa dzakaungana.