Maximilian Robespierre - Mufananidzo, Biography, Hupenyu Hwako, Chikonzero Chorufu, French Revolutionary

Biography

Ropilian Robespierre ndeye French Revolutionary uye wezvematongerwo enyika. Akabata basa rakakosha mukutsva kweFrance kweFrance. Nekutsigira kukunda kwehutongi hwemamongi uye nekristing of the Republic, Robespierre yakananga kumavara.

Hudu uye Vechidiki

Iro zita rizere reRevolutionary - Maximilian Marie Isidore de Robespierre. Akazvarwa muAruram kuMay 6, 1758. Baba vaive gweta renhaka, uye amai - mwanasikana wemabhuruku. Mukomana akazova mwana mukuru mumhuri, panoonekwa nevana vana gare gare. Muna 1764, pakarepo mushure mekutakura, mugari wechishanu akafa, uye mushure memavhiki mashoma uye amai vake.

Muna 1766, Robespier-sr. Akasiya mhuri uye kuruboshwe France. Maximiria naHama Augusa vakatarisira sekuru vake panaamai vake, uye hanzvadzi idzi dzakaenda kunasun'una kubva kuna Baba. Iye mukomana akava mudzidzi wekoreji Arras. Sekuru vakatasanzverwa nekuda kwekuti muzukuru anofanira kusunga biography nekutumbuka, izvo zvaizunza mari. Asi kuguma kweRobespierre kwakatanga neimwe nzira.

Kubudirira kwake muzvidzidzo zvavo kwakakwezva kutarisa kwevakakurisa vatengesi vane simba. Kanonik Eme yakakumbirwa yeMaximilian, uye akawana kudzidza kweSanter-Vas Abbey, anosanganisira 450 Livres. Jaya rakatumirwa kuParis, muLouis yeLouis yakakura. Mamiriro emari ejaya aive nenyasha: hama dzaisakwanisa kumubatsira. Asi akava mudzidzi wepamusoro wemakirasi epamusoro. Robespierre aiziva Latin zvakanaka, chiGiriki, rhetoric uye aifarira zvekare zvekare.

Kusarudza ramangwana rezita, maiki aida basa. Mushure mekupedza kudzidza kubva kuScobonna uye nekuva bachelor's kurudyi, muna 1781 Robespierre vakagamuchira rezinesi. Zita rake rekupedzisira rakaverengerwa mugwaro regweta reParamende.

Hupenyu Hwako

Robiltian inodiwa yeRealanor dupla, baba venguva yakareba vakapa gweta. Hushamwari uye Kubatana Mune maonero ezvematongerwo enyika kwakaratidza kutanga kwehukama hwerudo.

Dzimwe Robespierre inozivikanwa yakapokana kuti Maximilian akaita chikumbiro kumusikana, vamwe vanoramba. Chero zvazvingaitika, nyaya yacho haina kuuya kumuchato uye vaviri vaviri havana vana.

Eleanor akapona pamudiwa ane makore makumi matatu nematanhatu, kusvikira apedza mweya wake achimuvenga, uye asingaroore.

Shanduko yeFrance

Ainge apinda mubhodhi remagweta ari paDare reArto, Robespierre aishanya nezvematongerwo enyika. Muna 1789, aive pakati pevamiriri gumi nevaviri veArRARA akashanda mumagariro evanhu. Kubva pane isina kujairika provincial mandilian yakashanduka kuita mutsva-mutsara. Kwevaya 1789, akataura matanhatu matanhatu nematanhatu, uye muna 1791 - kare 328.

Kuva Jamerinets muna 1789, iyo French yakasimuka kuti ive mutsigiri wekufamba kwakanyanya. Kutsigira mazano eRene Russo, akatsoropodza shanduko dzevarwi. Kune iyo nzvimbo dzekuparadzira kwedemocracy uye kuvimbika kune nheyo dzeRobespierre yakagamuchira zita risingaori. Mushure mekuparadzwa kwesungano yenyika muna 1791, akazova muchuchisi wevanhu vemuzara muCliminal Court uye akaramba achivaka basa ratove muParis. Zvematongerwo enyika vakapokana nehondo neAustria, achifunga kuti zvakanaka chete nesimba remapurisa, asi aive ari mudiki.

Shanduko yacho yaive pakati pevagadziri vemhiko kuti vatamati vezvitatu. Akatora chikamu mukugadzirira kuziviswa kwekodzero dzevanhu, pamwe neBumbiro ra 1791. Kukwira kubviswa kwechirango cherufu, Robespierre haina kuwana rutsigiro pakati pevamiriri. Panguva ino, maFrench aive akaderera kune vaAustria kumberi, vamwe varwi vakatamira kudivi rechipano, chivimbo musimba nguva dzose vakawa.

Yakapera kubva paGetty Mifananidzo

MuPepanhau "Dziviriro weBumbiro", Politikian akanyora kuti nyika inoda kuchinja. MunaAugust 1792, kupanduka kwakaitika. Maximilian akapinda akaziviswa Paris Conneced, uye akabva asarudzwa kukokorodzano iri padare naGeorge Jacques Danon. Saka yakatanga kuita kurwisa Girondists. Mutungamiri wevaJakobho uye vanhu vake vane pfungwa dzakafanana nefundo dzakafanana nevapikisi vakatenda kuti vanopikisa vanoshuvira kudzoreredzwa kwemadzorero. Munguva yechando yeiyo 1792nd Robespierre yakatenderera kuurayiwa kweLouis Xvi pasina muedzo. Mambo akaurayiwa mu Guillotine.

VaJakobho, vakaenda kuRapprocement neanonaka, vakaodza mwoyo rutsigiro rweradicals panzvimbo yeiyo Fraction Framey. Gungano rekokorodzano rakatora Mutemo pakugadzwa kwemutengo wakarongeka wechingwa, uye Robespierre yakanyorerwa nerutsigiro rweParis yeParis. Chivabvu 1793 yakanyorwa nemhirizhonga umo maGirendists akaraswa. Kusungwa kwavo kwakamutsa kupandukira kwemubatanidzwa, iyo yakaunza rufu rwaJakobho Jean-munda marate.

Chaos akatonga munyika, uye getent organisarudza kuronga simba mukutarisana nemakomisheni, achivapa masimba akafara. Ropilian Robespier yakapinda yakapinda komiti yeRuponeso, ichisarudza iyo huru vector yekuchinja. Kurwisa kuhondo uye kusatenda kushusha, akazova mudzvanyiriri waDanton nevateveri vake avo vaitenda kuti kutya ikoko kunogona kumiswa.

Basa rekuchinja, mutungamiri wake akaona kuvakwa kwenzanga itsva yemhando, iyo iyo tsika dzeRepublication uye chitendero chichava. Kutamisa kweWekumusoro-soro, akarondedzera mukutaura sesoftware. Robespierre akaona kutyisa pamwe chete nechishandiso chekuzadzisa chinangwa.

Kupera kwehondo neAustria kwakabvumidza Bumbiro reGumbiro regore riya rekupinda musimba. Iye zvino France akatonga matenga emutemo. Makomisheni ainyungudika, uye mukuru waive akaganhurirwa kune bumbiro rebumbiro. Robespierre akatanga kubatanidzwa kweHurumende kugadzirwa nekugadzira mari uye kudzora kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa. Basa rekushanda zvishoma nezvishoma rakatsiviwa nemachina. Kusvira kwezuva basa rake, nyika yakadzoreredzwa mushure mekutambudzika kwehupfumi kwemakore gumi.

Pakutanga kwaJakobho, kokorodzano yakashora kurambidzwa nerusununguko rwechitendero, asi zvakare nekukanganisika nekereke iri munyaya yechitendero chechitendero chakakurisa, haana kusvika. France yakaramba iri nyika. Izvi zvakatungamira kugadziridzwa kwegadziriro yedzidzo, kuvandudza zvakasiyana neChechi, kupatsanurana muHumanitarian uye hunyanzvi hunyanzvi uye zvimwe zvinoshandurwa mumunda weunyanzvi nesainzi.

Muna June 1794, Mutemo wakapinda musimba, unosanganisira chirango chekusangana kwetsika dzeRepublican. Ropilian RobespierRe akaita chirango chevana veDanton, uye akabva atanga kuita chiito mukuremekedza kwechinamato chekumusoro. Vanowoneka havana kuwana dziviriro uye kutsigirwa, uye mukurumbira wezvinhu zvakasikwa zvakawa. Saka kutyisa kukuru kwakatanga, panguva yekudzvanywa kwevaJakobho kwakazara.

Chikunguru 27, mushure mekamuri 9 yeiyo thermidhiorore (muRepublican Karenda), vanhu vekuchinja uye vane pfungwa dzakafanana dzakauya kudare. Kuramba kwakazoita kuti usabatsire, uye vatori vechikamu sevapanduki vakamirira kusungwa. Nekuda kwekurangana, ivo vakaziviswa kunze kwemutemo. Maximilian Robespier akaderera zvachose.

Rufu

Chikunguru 28, 1794 Robespierl akafa. Iko kukonzera rufu ndiko kwaive kuurayiwa kweLillotline. Tevere kwaari vaiva makumi maviri vaJakobho naHama Augusen. Mumabhuku nezvenhoroondo yeFrance, vanonyora kuti kubva panguva ino kudonha kweiyo huru yeFrance Revolution yakatanga.

Mufananidzo weRebespierre ikozvino unodhindwa muzvinyorwa, uchidana mufananidzo unopesana nenguva iyoyo. Makuva ehuwandu haapo, asi muParis pantheoni mukukudza kwake chifananidzo.