Biography
Anna Freud - Mwanasikana weAustria Psychoanalyst, akazova kuenderera mberi nenyaya yesainzi, sekureva kwehunyanzvi kusarudza kuziva kwevana vechidiki. Mumakore ebasa remuchibereka zvakanaka, mukadzi akagara muUK akanyora zvinyorwa zvinoverengeka, mabhuku uye zvinyorwa zvenhau.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Anna Freud akaberekerwa muAustria capital musi waDecember 3, 1895 mumhuri yesainzi Sigmund Freud nemukadzi wake wepamutemo. Kuve mwana wechitanhatu uye mudiki weanozivikanwa Xochoanaya, iye achiri mudiki akabatana netsika dzenyika.
Semwana, baba vakakosha havana kuteerera mwana, akakurira pasi pekutarisirwa naamai uye kutarisirwa kwehama nehanzvadzi. Nanny, aishanda mumba mayo maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, aive shamwari yepedyo yaigona kuonekwa uye inotsigira hurukuro.
Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoAnna akaudza mukadzi nezvezvake zvakaitika uye kutya, mushure menguva inozivisa nyanzvi yekufungidzira. Uye kutaurirana nevadzidzisi vega vakokwa kumhuri yaFreud, kazhinji yakafanana nedambudziko rekusarongeka.
Pamakore gumi nematatu, musikana anoda kuziva akatanga kufarira zvemubereki, achiverenga uye anonzwisisika mabasa akati wandei akabudiswa naFreud. Iye munyori wemabasa anokanganiswa nemamiriro ezvinhu aya akatora mwanasikana wake pakutanga kwe1900s.
Pasinei neizvi, mumiriri wemazita anozivikanwa pasi rese akapinda muInstitution Intertution aive achigadzirira vadzidzisi. Mujaya hwake, aishanda mudzidzisi wechikoro emakirasi ekutanga, achifananidza kuumbwa kwepfungwa yevana.
Munguva yake yemahara, Ana akaedza kuenda kuna Baba hurukuro, maakasangana nevarume vazhinji vakangwara. Freud nekufamba kwenguva yakava mupi wezano uye mudzidzisi wemusikana, nekuda kweiyi nhanho iye akasundira zvikonzero zvechinangwa.
Hupenyu Hwako
Kusiyana nevanin'ina neHama Ana hakuna kufara muhupenyu hwake, akange asina vateveri vaiti basa revarume. Hurongwa hwakafungidzirwa hwebasa munzvimbo dzinoverengeka dzesainzi dzakachengetedzeka muchato uye nekubuda kwevana.Mujaya hwake, mukuwedzera psychoanalysis, Anna aifarira kupwanya, baba vake vakati anga achitsiviwa zvepabonde. Vaongorori vemabhiza emukadzi vaitenda kuti kunyangwe pfungwa uye kugona kwepfungwa zvakavhunduka uye vatya varume.
PaFreud's Fate, kukakavara kwemauto, iyo yakatendeuka pamusoro peEurope, yakaratidzwa: Iko kuuya kune simba Adolf Hitler aigona kuparadza mhuri yese. Vamiriri vekwava kurudzi rwechiJudha mushure mekubvunzurudzwa kwekubvunzurudzwa muGestapo kwaida kudzinga kwekuzvidira kwehupenyu hwenhandavo.
Baba uye zano panguva iyoyo vakatambura nechirwere chisingarapike, haana kupukunyuka achienda kunzvimbo yenyika yekune imwe nyika. Anna, anga achifunga nezvemubereki, aigara muParis neLondon, uko hondo yechipiri yeHondo Yenyika yechipiri yakanga isati yanzwikwa.
Basa Resainzi
Mukupera kwa1910s, Anna akasiya zviitiko zvePedagogarical, kujoina denderedzwa resainzi kwevanhu vakadzidza zvakanyanya. Musikana aigara achitora chikamu muzviitiko zvepasi rese, uko vanyori vepfungwa dzinoverengeka dzinofambira mberi dzaivepo uye dzakaitwa.
Freud chinangwa panguva iyoyo yaive nhengo muVienna psychoauyalytic nzanga, nekuti akafunda chidzidzo uye akaita mushumo wakazvimirira. Kubvumidzwa kwekurondedzerwa kwezviratidzo uye zviroto zvemusikana ane makore gumi nemashanu ekutya akafarirwa neyekubiridzira tangi pamusoro pehurumende yehurumende yekukudzwa.
Mukutanga kwa1923, Anna akatanga kuita zvepfungwa, nyanzvi dzematambudziko evachiri kuyaruka nevana vadiki. Chiitiko cheMudzidzisi chakabatsira mwanasikana weSigmund Freud zvinopfuura zvakanaka uye zvinyorwa zvakaburitswa panguva iyoyo.
Zano raBaba uye kutora chikamu chake mukuvandudzwa kwebasa rakakura rakakonzera chokwadi chekuti Ana akaita kuti utungamire. Mushure mekugamuchira kuzivikanwa kwenyika dzese semunyori wezvinyorwa zvePsychoauanyalytic nzanga, akakwezva kutarisisa kwevaridzi vazhinji vepfungwa.
Mumwe mukadzi akapinda mukukakavara kubva kuMelanie Klein kubva kuUK, akadzidza psyche yevana vachipfuura nematambudziko ezvinetso vakuru. Varidzi vemitambo yaAustria vanoona vese shamwari, vakashanda nesimba, mumwe waunoshanda naye uye shamwari yepedyo inonzi DoRothy Kupfuta.
Uchishandisa nzira uye nzira dzakavandudzwa nateguru anozivikanwa, Anna akavhenekera kutungamirirwa kunoenderana nepfungwa ye "Ini". Pakati peiyo ego-psychology, zvikamu zve neofreedism, zvakamira zviitiko zvevana sechiratidzo chekuva.
Muongorori wemukadzi anoshanda pakudzidza kwechimiro chehasha sechinhu chakakurudzirwa chakaitwa chakanangana nematambudziko akagamuchirwa. Kufungidzira kwemhedziso pamunda wemwana psychoanalysis mumakumi matatu e340s yaive yeiyo yekugadzirisa chikamu.
Kushanda nevarwere vekuyaruka, Anna akaziva kodzero yemhuri, akarondedzera mhedzisiro yezvikamu mune zvinoverengeka zvesainzi zvinyorwa zvesainzi. Yakawanda yebasa rehunyanzvi, mukadzi aive akazvipira kumakiriniki yake, mazana esinoda rubatsiro rwevana vakaitika mumaoko ake.
Kushandiswa kwekurapa kwemitambo kunoonekwa sechipo kune sainzi yemazuva ano, iyo yakabatsira mamiriro ehondo yeHondo yechipiri. Makumi emakesi anotsanangurwa mumabasa ekutanga pane psychology ainyanya kunakidza uye panguva imwe chete nguva yakaoma.
Vashanda navo kubva kunyika dzakawanda dzepasi rose vakaziva chiremera cheAnna, pfungwa dzakataurwa mumapepa esainzi anoshandiswa mumushonga kusvika zvino. Mabhuku "Ego uye Mashandiro ekudzivirira", "Nhanganyaya yePsychoanalysis yevadzidzisi" mumakore makumi matatu ezana ramakore rechi20, yakagadzirwa munharaunda furore.
Vanhu vanoverenga mabasa anokwezva kuwanikwa kwemharidzo, nekuti vese vaive nemhinduro kumubvunzo wakaringana. Iyo vimbiso yekubudirira kurapwa kwechipatara zvinodyarwa zvaionekwa sekusunungurwa kwenguva yakakodzera kwekutyisidzira kwekunze kwekunze.
A Bridgehead nezve zviitiko zvinoshanda uye zvesainzi zvaive kiriniki yechiHamsted muEngland, pahwaro hwenzvimbo dzakagadzira makosi akagadzira makosi evanhu vanofarira. Freud, uyo pachavo akagadzira chirongwa chedzidzo yekuwedzera, akagadzirira iyo yakanyanya kuvanyengerera vanachiremba vanokwanisa kwazvo.
Rufu
Pakupera kwehupenyu, Ana anogara muimba yekare muLondon, yakanga iripo rufu rwakabatwa kubva kuzvikonzero zvakasikwa. Pamhemberero dzekutongwa muna Gumiguru 1982, vanhu vazhinji venyonganiso vakapindwa.Mukuda kwemwanasikana, Sigmund Freud yaive chirevo chekutadza, guruva rakaiswa muguva, uko nhengo dzemhuri dzaizorora. Imba yacho ine marongero ekutanga, zvinyorwa zvemunhu uye zvakavanzika zvemufananidzo zvakashandurwa kuita museum yemasayendisiti nevasingafarire vanhu.
Basa Resainzi
- 1926 - "Nhanganyaya kuPsychoanalysis yevadzidzisi"
- 1936 - "EGO uye Scor Dziviriro"
- 1946 - "Psychoanyalytic kurapwa kwevana"
- 1965 - "Zvakajairika uye ZvePopical muhudiki: Kubudirira Kwekuvandudza"
- 1973 - "Kune rumwe rutivi rwezvakakosha zvemwana"
- 1979 - "Ndisati Ndiripo Kwemwana"