Biography
Austrian Psychologist Alfred Adler inoonekwa seimwe yemasayendisiti ane mukurumbira wezana ramakore rechi20. Akaisa nheyo dzemunhu wepfungwa dzepfungwa, dzinofunga munhu mune yakaoma nehunhu hwake, uye zvakare yakaunza zvakare mazwi ekuti "yakaoma yekusaderera" uye "muripo".Hudu uye Vechidiki
Iyo psychologist yakazvarwa munaFebruary 7, 1870 muRudolfsheim, musha uri kumadokero wekunze kweVienna, muAustria-Hungary. Ndiye wechipiri weanomwe pawlins (mumusikana wechipiri uye anoyera Adler, maJuda.
Biography yeAlfred Adler yaive yakaoma, njodzi dzakazara uye kufa kubva pazera rekutanga. Mucheche, akatambura Rakhita, nekuda kweizvozvo akazodzidziswa kuti afambe. Mumakore matatu akarasikirwa nemunun'una wake, uyo akafa pedyo naye muCrig. Pamakore mana akanhonga kuzvimba kwakakura kwakadaro kwemapapu ayo vanachiremba: Mukomana akarasika. Zvinoenderana nendangariro dzemurume, yaive iyi nhaurwa yakamutsidzira kuti ave chiremba.
Vese Adler inotsanangurwa mune zvakanyorwa zvaive zvichibva pahupenyu hwake. Semwana, iyo psychologist yaive yakakurumbira nevezera, vakavawana avo vanonzwa nezvekuremekedza uye kuenzana vasina kupa mhuri. Gare gare akanyora kuti kwaonga nekufarira kwenzanga iyo munhu aigona kuziva kugona kwake.
Hupenyu Hwako
Mumakore evadzidzi, Alfred akasangana nemukadzi wake wetemberi Raisa Timfeevna Epstein, anehungwaru uye zvemagariro kubva kuRussia, izvo zvakauya viienna yekutsinhana. Muchato wakaridzwa muna 1897.Vana vakaberekerwa - valentine (1898 r.), Alexandra (1901 G.), kurt (1905 r.) uye neCornelia, kana Nelli (1909). Zvinyorwa zvacho zvine akawanda mafoto emubatanidzwa wemhuri ane hushamwari.
Vana vepakati, Alexander naKurt, vakaenda mumakona ababa uye vakasungirirwa hupenyu nepfungwa dzepfungwa. Valentine vakasarudza nzira yamai - yakava troker, iyo yaidzvinyirirwa gare gare.
Basa Resainzi
Basa rekurapa Alfred Adler rakatanga kunge ophthalmologist, akabva agwadama kuurology, asi kufarira mu psychology yakanga ichiri kupera. Pfungwa dzake dzaive dzichinakidza kwazvo zvekuti muna 1902 Sigmund Freud Wako Wako waunoshanda naye kuti ubatane nedanho rake rekukurukurirana reCustomation yeRukuru. Muchokwadi, Psychoanalysis yakatanga pamisangano iyi.
Kufanana nevanhu vazhinji, hukama hwepamoyo neSigmund Freud hazvina kushanda. Muna 1911, akabuda muchato, uye gore rakatevera, akatanga kusonganira kwemunhu wega. Pakutanga, avo vaifunga nezvepfungwa dzeAlfred vaifanana neuzivi hweFriedrich Nietzsche, iyo ne psychoanalysis ye freud.
Iye anofunga akabudirira kuvaka chikoro chakazvimirira che psychotherapy uye dzidziso yehunhu. Akaisa kukura kwepfungwa, ayo aizofunga nezvepamoyo pesycholog-kuve yemunhu mune imwe conjunction nemamiriro ake ezvinhu. Panguva imwecheteyo, Adler zvakanyatsoita kuti vatarise pakurapwa kwezvinetso zviripo, asi kudzivirira kuitika kwavo.
Pfungwa dzekutanga dzevarume dzinotsanangurwa mubhuku rinoti "Neroid Unhu". Yatova pamapeji aya, pfungwa dzekusakwana uye kuripirwa kunoonekwa.
Iyo psychologist inonyora kuti kusaziva kwekusununguka kwemunhu kubva pamatambudziko epfungwa kunoshanda kuitira kuti ashandure kuderera kwezvinhu zviripo - zvemuviri, zvetsika, zviri pachena, ndiko kuti, iko kuzere. Vari munzira, shanduko iyi inogona kumira chete zvipingamupinyi zvemagariro: Kurerwa, zvakatipoteredza, basa munharaunda. Adler zvakare anonongedzera kunjodzi yeku "kupepuka". Iye munhu akawana izvi anova, semutemo, ane nyota yesimba, ane hutsinye egoncentric.
Mupfungwa yake, alfred inotora nzvimbo yakakosha kune ndangariro dzehudiki. Mubhuku rinoti "sainzi inogara" psychologist inonyora:
"Ndangariro zviyeuchidzo. Iko hakuna ndangariro dzisina kurongeka. Kubva pane imwe nhamba isingaverengeki yezviratidziro zvinoitika kune munhu muudiki, ndangariro dzinofarira kuchengeta chete izvo zvaanoona tsananguro yematambudziko epfungwa. "Aifarira Adler uye maitiro ekubuda kwevana kuenda kuchiedza. Vimba nezvokuvimba kwavo pachavo, akataura kuti dangwe riri munzvimbo yakanaka, nekuti inonakidzwa nevabereki vake. Asi nekuuya kwevana vechipiri uye vanotevera vana, anotanga kunyadziswa. Iyo yakaoma yekusaderera iri kukura.
Maererano nevanofunga, vana vakuru vanowanzotambura ne neurosis uye maitiro akaipa. Iyi muripo webasa rakawandisa muhuduku semuenzaniso, kudiwa kwekutarisira hama. Vana vadiki, pane zvinopesana, vanokura zvakapambwa, izvo zvinotungamira kune husina simba hwemagariro. Asi vana vepakati vasati vasangana nekuremadzwa, kana kushaya kwavo kwakadaro, kazhinji vanokura muvanhu vakabudirira.
Ndokusaka Adler akakosha kuti aite kurapwa uye kudzidziswa kwete nevanhu vakuru vasina hutano hwepfungwa uye vasina kana nevana, asi nevaya vanoita dzidzo. Kwemakore makumi maviri nemashanu, psychologist akaverenga hurukuro muzvikoro, zvipatara, nzvimbo dzeveruzhinji. Akaudza vabereki vake, vashandi vezvemagariro, vadzidzisi nzira yekukura nhengo yakakodzera munharaunda.
Zvikurukuru, idzi hurukuro idzi dzakanyorwa muApplegraphy Bibliography: "Psychology yemunhu senzira yekuziva uye kuzviziva munhu", "unzwisise chimiro chomunhu", "nezvechishuvo chekukwirira."
Zvakaoma kuongorora iyo inoshanda mupiro kune iyo psychology yakaitwa nealfred adler. Usaverenge kuti zvakadii zvabviswa kubva pamakomanhau ekutsanangurwa uye inotevera inorwadza muripo muripo.
Mamwe emaonero evatinofunga akawana mhinduro muChefreedism, Gestalt Psychology, ivo vane basa nhasi. Dzidziso yake inotevedzera nyika dzakawanda: USA, Canada, Austria, Germany, Italy, Israeri, Japan, nezvimwe.
Rufu
Alfred Adler akafa muna Chivabvu 28, 1937 muAberdeen, Scotland. Iko kukonzera rufu kwaive kurwiswa kwemoyo. Ivo vanoti anova akaipa mumugwagwa. Vanopfuura vanopfuura naiye vakanunura, vakanzwa zita racho, rakamisikidzwa kubva pamiromo yake; kurt. Muminiti yekufa, murume anonzi ega Mwanakomana.Muviri wakatengesa moto mu warriston Crematenium muElinburgh, asi hauna kurega hama dzadzo. Kwemakore mazhinji, zvakasara zvemuonana nepfungwa zvaionekwa sekurasika, uye muna 2007 vakawanikwa mune repositi remagetsi. Muna 2011, rurn nemadota anotakurwa kuenda kuVienna kuti avigone.
BHAIBHERI
- 1912 - "Pane Chekusarongeka"
- 1914 - "Bata uye Dzidzisa"
- 1919 - "Rutivi. Misa "
- 1938 - "Kufarira Kwemagariro: Kupokana Vanhu"
- 1926 - "Psychology yega yega senzira yekuziva uye kuzviziva munhu"
- 1928 - "Zviratidzo pane Psychology yega yega
- 1929 - "Psychology yega uye kukura kwevana"
- 1929 - "Sainzi Inorarama"
- 1932 - "Maitiro Ekurapa"