Victor Franc - Mufananidzo, Biography, Hupenyu Hwako, Chikonzero Rufu, Psychiatist, Psychologist

Biography

Mangwana dzimwe nguva anotumira murume ikoko, kwaanongova uye chete anogona kubatsira vamwe vanhu. Troirebus paakawira muReservan Reservan muna 1976, Chapupu chei chiitiko chinosiririsa yaive mhare inomwe yeUSSr paScuba Swimming Karapya Rarapya. Kutenda kuHagamba uye hunyanzvi hwemitambo, zvinyorwa zvinobata vanhu makumi maviri vakaponeswa. Makore makumi matatu nematatu izvi zvisati zvaitika, chiremba wepfungwa uye neunelogist, nyanzvi mukudzivirira kuzviuraya kudzivirira Viktor Frankl, yaive pedyo nevasungwa vemusasa wevasungwa.

Hudu uye Vechidiki

Muvambi weiyo Logotherapy akaberekwa munaKurume 26, 1905 muguta guru reAustria, Hungary. Victor Emil ndiye wechipiri wevana vatatu vari mumhuri yemubatanidzwa wekudzivirirwa munharaunda yeGabriel Frankl nemukadzi wake Elza. Vabereki vePfungwa dzepfungwa, mukoma wake uye hanzvadzi mudiki nerudzi vaive vaJudha.

Kurwira kwekutanga amai Victor vakanzwa muCafe "Siler", uye vakaonekwa pachiedza uye vakapedza Frankon vadiki mumba 6 mumugwagwa Chernin. Kuburikidza nemugwagwa, mumba memusi wemugwagwa mumwe chete, psychiTrist yakararama uye muzivi, muvambi wechipiri wechiVienna chikoro alfred Adler.

Yakapera kubva paGetty Mifananidzo

Amai vevakunda vakayeuka semukadzi akasarudzika ane moyo munomutsa, uye zvinhu zvikuru zvababa vaiva mukusakanyiwa uye kupererwa. Gabriel akakurumidza-akatsamwa uye kamwechete mune hasha hummy yakatyoka neshure kweMwanakomana mudiki alpine nzimbe. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekururamisira kwemurume uye kuvimba naye nemauto avo, nhengo dzese dzemhuri dzakararama mupfungwa yekuchengeteka.

Mumakore matatu, Victor aida kuve chiremba. Kwapera gore, mukomana wakatevera akaudza vabereki vake kuti vauya nemaitiro ekugadzira mishonga. Maererano neFrankland ane makore 4, saka, zvaive zvakafanira kuwana vanhu vakasarudza kupatsanura nehupenyu uye nekudaro vachirwara. Mwana akakurudzira kuti zvido zvekuzviuraya zve "zvinodhaka" kunge peturu negutalina. Izvi zvinoreva mushure mekutambira uko murwere achaporesa murwere, uye pane mushonga.

Mukuyaruka, nzvimbo huru muhupenyu hwevakakunda yakatora mutambo weAmateur Africerates dzaiisa hama yake. Kunyangwe nguva dzisati dzapedza kweGymnasium, jaya racho rakanyora chibvumirano "psychology yekufunga kwehunyanzvi." Dzidzo yepamusoro Franklis yakagamuchira pane yekukurapa kweiyo University yeVienna. Neurology uye Psychiatry yakava hunyanzvi hwechiremba wechidiki.

Hupenyu Hwako

Chidzitiro pamusoro pehukama hwevakavanzika wehama dzehama dzehama, dzakazivisa murandakadzi, izvo zvaibvumira vayaruka kuti vamugadzirire uye kurwisa mumuviri. Mumakirasi echikoro chepamusoro, Victor vakafunga kuti, vakaroora, vaizoza kurara kuti vapedze nguva dzese dzehusiku pamunhu wehupenyu hwehupenyu hwega.

Pakupera kwa 1941, chiremba akaroora mukoti wake achikurisa. Mukadzi akakurumidza kuva nepamuviri, asi mumamiriro emamiriro ekudzvinyirira ari kukura kuva ana maJuda, vakaroora vanosarudza kubvisa nhumbu. Tilly, sevabereki nemunun'una, Viktor, havana kudzoka kubva kumisasa yevasungwa yeFascist. Kuda mukadzi wake uye nekufungidzira kukurukurirana kwake kunotsigirwa nedombo rakanyanya mukusungwa. Iri bhuku rePfungwa "Chiremba nemweya" zvakatsaurirwa kune "vakafa tilly".

Yakapera kubva paGetty Mifananidzo

Muna 1947, Victor vakaroora Eleonor Catarina Schwindt, raAkagara kusvika kumagumo ehupenyu hwake. Vakaroora vacho vakabata zvine ruremekedzo kuzvitendero zveumwe neumwe, vakapinda muchechi uye sinagogi, vakapemberera Kisimusi uye Purim.

Mwanasikana akazotevera akazova mwana wepfungwa yevana, Victor naEreanor vanonzi chiremba waGabriel mukuremekedza Baba. Franklie akakwanisa kutora chikamu mukurerwa kwevazukuru vaCatharina naAlexander uye vanoona kufudza kweAnna Victoria.

Iyo psychologist yakashongedzwa yakasimba kofi uye tii. Matipi ese akatora mahwendefa ecfefeine kana cafe haazokwanisi kubaya chinwiwa chakasimba. Ties Frankli yakakurudzira windows shopu, kunyange mune zviitiko kwaigona kuzotenga.

Victor akanyorwa mimhanzi (elegy uye melodies mune rhythm tango). Masayendisiti akanzwisiswa zvakakwana mumaruva (pane yakawanda mifananidzo iyo muzivi anobatwa mumagirazi), akatenda kuseka uye mutambo wemashoko, uye hurukuro dzakashongedzwa nemabhasiketi uye majee.

Basa Resainzi

Mumakore makumi maviri ezana ramakore rechi20, Frankl akagadzira chirongwa chekutsigirwa kwepfungwa kwevadzidzi. Kubva 1933th, chiremba mudiki akatungamirwa nedhipatimendi rekudzivirira rekudzivirira mune imwe yeVidenna makiriniki. Nekuda kwekubatsira kwepfungwa kweFrankl, vanenge zviuru makumi matatu vakadzi vakabvisa pfungwa pamusoro pekuzviuraya.

Mushure mekunge Austria aAustria, Hitler, vanachiremba vevaJudha vakarambidza kurapa varwere veAyan. Muna 1938 1993939, Frankli akaitwa mumuitiro wakazvimiririra, uye muna 1940 akananga Dhipatimendi reRothschild Clinic - Chipatara Chete, uko vaJudha vakatenderwa kuitirwa. Viktor aifanira kushandira kwete chete ne psychiatist, asi zvakare neurosurgeon.

Muna 1941, murume akakokwa kuUS anotambudza uye akapa visa yeAmerica. Chiremba akaramba: Haana kuda kubva asina kubatsirwa nevabereki vakura. Nzvimbo yekutanga yemhedziso yaVictor yakazove Teresienstadt muCzech Republic, kwaakange awira mukudonha kwa1942 uye kwaiwanikwa naamai vake nababa vake.

Yakanga iri musasa wakanaka wekuti maNazi akadanwa penensien yevaJudha vakwegura uye airatidza makomisheni eRed Cross. MuTeresienstakuva musinagoge akashanda, zviitiko uye kuratidzwa zvakaitwa.

Chakavanzika che "Humanism" vevaNazi vaive vakaperi - vasungwa ve "pension ye" muenzaniso "vakazopedzisira vatumira kumisasa yerufu. Saka zvakabuda naamai veFrank, vakafa muAuschwitz. Muna Gumiguru 1944, Victor vakatumirawo kuna Auschwitz, asi muvhiki yaakatamiswa kuTürheim - imwe yemisasa ye dahau system.

Yakapera kubva paGetty Mifananidzo

Munzvimbo dzose dzemhedziso, musungwa aive parutivi nevamwe vasungwa vakaita basa rinorema, kunyanya, njanji dzakaradzikwa. Asi manheru, Dr. Kuporesa mweya yevarambi vake munjodzi yakabatsira yakabatsira kuwana mhinduro kumubvunzo weizvozvo hupenyu hwavo, akaziviswa nemakomo uye epfungwa.

Chiremba akadzidzisa nzira yekusunga yekurairwa - vaimiririra kuti miedzo yese yaizopfuura nekubatanidzwazve mhuri dzavo. Pazvakaitika kune vamwe vasungwa, Frankl akasvika pakufunga kuti "kuda zvinoreva kuti" ndi "Mwari Wokusazvibata" emunhu wese anomubatsira kurarama uye kuchengetedza rukudzo. Victor akataura izvi dzidziso mubhuku "Man mukutsvaga zvinoreva" uye mamwe mabasa.

Musi waApril 27, 1945, Franklé nevamwe vasungwa vanorarama vakasununguka vakasunungurwa mauto eUS. Patova muna 1946, musayendisiti akataura pfungwa yekuyananisa. Iyo psychologist yakaramba dzidziso yebasa rakabatana revanhu veGerman kuNazi. Zvinoenderana nendangariro dzeFrank, pakati pevarindi vemusasa, kunze kwevaridzi vekusuwa uye nevasina hanya, kwaive neSabariti yemhosva, kuti zviite nyore kune vasungwa.

Kubva 1946 kusvika 1971, Victor vakananga kuVienna psychototic kiriniki. Pakati penzira dze psychotherapy yakagadziriswa naFranklom - kurapwa kubva kune vanopesana neRuzivo Rwako makwikwi, uye varwere vakafemera kuti vakangwara, vakanyatsogadzikana, zvakanyanya kupfuura Vakanga vari muchokwadi, uye zvishoma nezvishoma vanhu vakaita zvirinani).

Rufu

Frankon akafa musi waSeptember 2, 1997. Chikonzero chekufa kwesainzi chave kukundikana kwemoyo. Guva rechikwata cheGeneric yeVanhu veVanhu Psychology inowanikwa kuStaro-Injini chikamu chemakuva eVienna.Yakapera kubva paGetty Mifananidzo

Viktor Frankl Museum yakavhurwa muguta guru reAustria pazuva regumi nematatu emucherechedzo weyesayenzi. MunaFebruary 2019, mufananidzo wespincechologist yakanyorwa pamubhadharo wekuremekedza kwe € 50 yakapihwa muVienna Zvikoro muPsychology Series.

Muna 2015, paRussia TV chiteshi "tsika" mune dzakateerana "nyaya dzeBhaibheri" dzakabuda mufirimu "Viktor Frank. "Nguva nenguva hupenyu" Hongu "!". MunaAugust 201 2018, katuni yemaminitsi matatu nezve biografia uye dzidziso yeiyo yaimbova Uzvitzim musungwa wakabviswa Vagadziri vematepi vakafemerwa nebhuku raFrankl "Ndiudze hupenyu" Hongu! ". "Psychologist mumusasa wevasungwa."

Quotes

• "Pakupedzisira, Mwari, kana zvirizvo, zvine kukosha, iwe uri munhu akanaka kupfuura iwe zvaunotenda mazviri kana kuti kwete."
• "Kana iwe ukakubvunza nezve chimwe chinhu, iwe unofanirwa kupindura chokwadi sezvazvinogona, asi nezve izvo zvisina kubvunzwa, zviri nani kunyarara."
• "Hapana munhu ane kodzero yekudikanwa kufungidzira, kunyange iye akatambura nekurapwa, uye akatambura noutsinye."
• "Mufaro wakaita kunge butter - ndipo pandinonyanya kutinhira, ndipo pavanonyanya kuita. Asi kana ukatumira pfungwa dzako kune zvimwe zvinhu, ichauya uye inokanda zvishoma pafudzi. "
• "Mamiriro ezvinhu akaomesesa anongopa munhu mukana wekusimudza mukati make."

BHAIBHERI

• 1946 - "Nguva Yakwana" Hongu: Psychologist mumusasa wevasungwa "
• 1946 - "Basics of Logotherapy"
• 1947 - "Psychotherapy muchikamu"
• 1948 - "Psychotherapy uye Chitendero"
• 1949 - "Munhu achitsvaga pfungwa"
• 1955 - "Chiremba neMweya"
• 1956 - "Logotherapy uye Kuongorora Kunowoneka: Zvinyorwa uye Nhema"
• 1956 - "Dzidziso uye Kurapa kweNeurosis: Nhanganyaya kune Logotapy uye Kuongorora Kwekuwarira"