Biography
Frederick Taylor ndeye Mechanic Injiniya kubva kuUnited States akashanda pakuwedzera mukubudirira muindasitiri. Iye munyori webhuku ra "Nheyo dzeManejeti" manejimendi "akamira pamazwi ekugadzira kutsamira. Akashandisa nzira dzekunyepedzera dzakatamba dzakakosha mumunda weinjiniya mechanic. Mukuwedzera, taylor akaitwa mune engineering zviitiko uye akave muridzi weye akati wandei.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Frederick Winslow Taylor akaberekwa muna Kurume 20, 1856 muguta reJermantown, iri muPhiladelphia. Mhuri yake yakachengetedzwa, saka mwana akashandisa mukomana mukamuri rekushongedza. Baba vakashanda segweta uye vakaita kuti hurongwa hwekumwe, uye amai vacho vakatsigira kubviswa kweuranda. Sezvo agamuchira dzidzo yekumba, Frederick 2 makore akadzidza kuGermany neFrance, uye akafamba rimwe gore nehafu pamusoro peEurope.
Muna 1872, akazova mudzidzi wezvidzidzo zvePhillips muExeter uye akaronga kubvumidzwa kwakazotevera kuHarvard uye nebasa repamutemo. Makore maviri gare gare, jaya rakapinda iyi kuyunivhesiti, asi zvinetso zvehutano zvakamanikidzwa kudzokorora zvinokoshesa.
Taylor akazova mudzidzi weiyo fashoni yekugadzira uye mutyairi uye aine basa mune bhizinesi hydraulic inoshanda mabasa, inoburitsa mapombi. Iye murume haana kuvhiringidza kuti zvavakabva haanyorerwe kumunda webasa. Mwedzi mitanhatu yatove nemwedzi mitanhatu gare gare, Injiniya inosimudzira yaimiririra Vagadziri vemachina eChirungu vari pakati pekuratidzira muPhiladelphia.
Muna 1878, Frederick akapinda muvashandi ari pakati peMidway Steway gegi. Iyo nyanzvi yakakurumidza kukwira manera ebasa uye yakasanganiswa positi yeTenzi yemuchina musangano uye mainjiniya makuru ebhizinesi. Izvi zvakakonzerwa nematarenda ehunyanzvi hwechidiki uye chokwadi chekuti hanzvadzi yaTaylor yaive mukadzi weiyo Co-muridzi wechidyarwa. Muna 1883, aiwedzera kuenderana neDhipatimendi rehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi hwe Stevens, mainjiniya akagamuchira degree muinjiniya.
Hupenyu Hwako
Musi waMay 3, 1884, Frederick Taylor aive akaroora Louise Spoon, musikana anobva kuPhiladelphia. Hupenyu hwomunhu oga hwevaviri hwakawedzera kubudirira. Mukoma wakabereka mainjiniya mwanasikana, uyo Erizabheti akadana Erizabheti.Basa Resainzi
Kutanga kushanda muMidwale, inodonha ichinzwisisa kuti kuita kwevashandi paferekitori hakuna kunaka, sezvazvingaite, uye mutengo wezvinhu zvekushandisa zvakanyanyisa. Sezvo agamuchira positi yeBrigadier, Frederick akatanga kuongorora kushanda kwevashandi, kusakanganwa chinhu chevanhu.
Kubva 1890 kwemakore matatu, akashanda semutungamiriri wenhamba uye muvepo weInjiniya pakugadzira mari yekudyara yePhiladelphia. Frederick Taylor aive zvakare director wepepa chirimwa mune maine, uye muna 1893 akatanga kudzidzira kubvunzurudza muPhiladelphia. Kubvunzana kuti nyanzvi dzakatanga kupa, kubvumidzwa kugadzirisa dzidziso yemunyori.
Muna 1898, Taylor akakokwa kuBhetrehema simbi kuti aite nekuita kwemidziyo inodhura. Mushure memakore matatu, nekuda kwekusawirirana nevanoshanda navo, mainjiniya akasiya bhizinesi. Muna 1906, iyo University of Pennsylvania yakapa maneja wokurapa nesainzi, uye munguva pfupi Frederick akava purofesa wechikoro chebhizinesi muDartmouth College College.
Kubva muna 1906 kusvika 1907, American ndiye aive Mutungamiriri weAmerican Society of Astnic Mejinjini, kwaaiedza kuita kuti manejimendi. Kudzivirira kubva kuzvikuru pasi akaita kuti zvikwanisike kurongazve kudzoreredza department rekuburitsa.
Panguva ino, mainjiniya akatowana mamiriro ezvinhu, saka akazvitendera kusunga biology kwete nebasa refekitori, asi nekusimudzirwa kwake. Mhosva "yekukurudzira" yakaita nzira yeTaylor yesainzi kune rugare rune mukurumbira. Munguva yezviitiko, njanji dzakatenderwa nemirairo yesainzi manejimendi haidi zvimwe zvinodiwa.
Muna 1911, Theoorist akaburitsa zvinyorwa "zveMood yesainzi manejimendi". Iye zvakare United zvinyorwa zvakati wandei copyright kune manyoro akasungirwa kuburitswa. Iyo yakakosha komisheni yakaunganidzwa yakajairwa nezvinyorwa uye zvakataurwa nezvehofisi yeiyo yeAmerican machinist. Mupepeti weiyo edition yeLeon Prett Elfor, anopikisa Taylorism, akaramba kupurinda. Frederick akaburitsa basa rakazvimirira.
Mushure mekuve iye munyori wepfungwa yekuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka mumabhizimusi, taylor akagadzira mupiro kune manejimendi, ayo aikoshesa vateveri vake. Iye munyori wemanejimendi esainzi akagadzira hurongwa hwakabatsira zviuru zvevanhu kuti vakudze hutano uye kurera mararamiro evashandi. Mainjiniya akazova wekutanga akafunga kuongorora basa, zvakarongeka uye nekudzidza.
Akavhiya kutsiva Empirica mubasa rekutsvaga kwesainzi kwebasa rakaiswa, rinokurudzirwa kusarudzwa nokungwarira, dzidzisa uye dzidzo, uye dzisingavimbise kuzvidzora. Iye murume akazvicherekedza zvakadzama kuti atsanangure basa revashandi uye otevedzera. Iyo American yakataurawo nekuparadzaniswa kwebasa pakati pevashandi nevashandi, vachikurudzira yekutanga kushandisa nzira dzesainzi, uye yechipiri kuti iite mabasa.
Frederick Taylor akabayira kuti asvike kumisikidzwa kwemaitiro uye shandisa zvakanakisa zviridzwa zvekushanda, kuronga yakagadzikana mamiriro ekushanda uye kushandira pamwe mukugadzirwa. Basa kuve nechokwadi kuti izvi zvakarara pamaneja - nyanzvi dzakadzidziswa. Maneja aifanira kusarudza vashandi kune rimwe nerimwe rakati basa, kuti vashande kunze zvakadzama chirongwa chekuita uye kuendesa ivo kune vashandi.
Ivhu risina kufanana nevashandi vakashandisa, vachiratidzira nzira dzeTaylor. Theorist anotenda kuti mushandi wese akakodzera kuhaya, uye mibairo inofanira kutevedzera kuita.
Vashandi vake vekambani vakawana kakawanda kudarika vashandi vekambani vane nzira yekuchengetedza manejimendi. Naizvozvo, chikoro chesainzi chakafanana neushamwari pakati pevatungamiriri vefekitori, uko chikamu chekutonga chakashanda nenzira yekare. Mushandirapamwe wekuzvidza zvose "kubva kune vatungamiriri vemubatanidzwa weVashandi vehurumende vaiisa kumanikidzwa neinjiniya. Ma capitalist haana kufarira kuti maneja anofunga kupa yakawanda yemari yevashandi vebasa.
Rufu
Muvambi wemuenzaniso mutsva wemuenzaniso wemabhizimusi akafa munaKurume 21, 1915. Chikonzero cherufu chaive chengetedzo yemapapu. Guva reFredema Taylor iri muBala-Svida, muPennsylvania. Pamufananidzo pane zvinonyorwa "baba vevana vesainzi".Quotes
- "Basa guru rebhizinesi racho rinofanirwa kuve rinoverengera huwandu hwenzvimbo dzemubatanidzwa, mukubatana nehuwandu hwepamusoro hwemunhu wese akabatikana mubhizimusi revashandi."
- "Mumwedzi mishoma, takatanga kuwanda kwenguva, uye huwandu hwemaawa ekushanda hwainge hwakamanikidzwa maitiro akaderedza zvishoma nezvishoma maawa gumi, 9.5.19 (nepo kuenderera mberi kwekuenderera kwemushonga) Uye nekugadzirisana kwega kwega kwezuva rekushanda, kugadzirwa kwakawedzera, pane kuderera. "
- "Iwe unofanirwa zvakare kukanganwa kuti mumusoro wehofisi kunofanira kumira tarisiro, director uye rakaoma uye rakaoma rinoziva kuti vangamirira sei zvakafanana zvakanyanya."
- "Isu tiri vana vakuru."
BHAIBHERI
- 1903 - "Fekitori Management"
- 1911 - "Nheyo dzeManeinzi Wezvesayenzi"