Biography
Mumakore ekutanga, martin Seligrapy Biography's Biography yaive yekutarisana nekunzwa kwekusabatsira, iyo mune ramangwana yakatsunga kutungamira kwekutsvaga kwake. Akave akazivikanwa seyekugara kirasi yePsychology uye munyori wemabhuku kuti akurire zviitiko zvisina kunaka uye nekubudirira kwemufaro wechokwadi.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Martin Elias Pete Seligman akaberekwa musi wa12, 1942 muguta reAmerica reAlbany. Akakurira mumhuri yegweta pamwe neanun'una weBheti. Martin kubva paudiki aive akangwara uye akabvumikisa nyore nyore muchikoro chikoro, saka vabereki vakasarudza kuendesa kune iyo yakavanzika yekudzidza yevakomana.
Seligman paakanga achiri kuyaruka, baba vake vaive nerurova, uye mamiriro ezvinhu emhuri idzo mhuri yakadzikira zvakanyanya. Jaya racho raifanira kuwana basa rekubhadhara mari. Nemhaka yehunhu hwake hwakavanzika, Martin aisave anoshanda munharaunda uye aine shamwari shoma. Asi kunyangwe ipapo akatarisa vanhu uye akadzidza kuvateerera, izvo zvinopesvedzera sarudzo yebasa.
Mushure mekupedza kudzidza kuChikoro, murume wacho akapinda muYunivhesiti yePrinceton, kwaakadzidza uzivi. Asi apo mwero waBachelor aive mumaoko ake, aifanira kuita sarudzo yakaoma - kuti aenderere mberi nekufunda kwesainzi muOxford kana kushanda mune yekuedza psychology kuYunivhesiti yePennsylvania. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Seligman akaita chisarudzo chekuda kwekupedzisira.
Gare gare aive purofesa wekudyidzana kuYunivhesiti yeConnell, asi nekuda kwemamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika asina kugadzikana, akadzokera kuPennsylvania, kwaakatanga kutumira profesa.
Hupenyu Hwako
Munguva yakapfuura, murume aive akaroora Kerry Muller, uyo akamupa vadyi venhaka maviri. Mushure mekurambana muna 1978, psychologist haina kugona kuvandudza hupenyu hwake, asi pakupedzisira akatanga kusangana nemudzidzi wake Mandy MCCarshy. Pasinei nemusiyano mumakore 17, vakatamba muchato ndokurera vamwe vamwe vashanu vana.Basa Resainzi
KuYunivhesiti yePennsylvania, jaya rakatanga kusangana nenyaya iyi yakazova hwaro hwefungidziro yekudzidziswa kwakadzidza. Munguva yekuedza pane imbwa, dzakaitwa kuti dzisimbise mazano eIvan Pavlov, mhuka dzakakiiwa mumasero uye dzakaratidzwa nemagetsi panguva imwe chete naro panguva iyo beep.
Masayendisiti akafunga kuti ruzha rwaizobatanidzwa nembwa nemarwadzo, rakaita kuti kutya uye kuda kupukunyuka. Asi apo masero akawanikwa, mhuka dzaigara pasi uye dzisingabatsiri. Sezvo Martin akagumisa gare gare, akajaidza kuti ivo havana kutonga pamusoro pemamiriro acho ezvinhu, uye havana kuedza kuita chero chinhu nezvazvo.
Mushure mekugamuchira Dhigirii yeDhigirii Seligman akasarudza kuyedza kufunga kwake. Pamwe chete nevanotsigira Mayerya, akaronga muedzo umo mapoka matatu eve imbwa. Yekutanga (a) inogona kudzora kukanganisika kweiyo iripo panguva yerudzi rwechipiri, yechipiri (b) - kwete, uye yechitatu (yechitatu (a) yechitatu (c).
Nekuda kweizvozvo, apo mhuka dzakaburitswa kunzvimbo yakavhurika, kwavaifanira kukunda zvipingamupinyi uye kuwana rusununguko, ndokupa beep, kuti vazopukunyuka chete kubva kumapoka a uye c, uye kubva kune vakasara vachireva nhema, kunyangwe vachireva nhema kuputika.
Kuwanikwa kwesayenzi kwacho kwakave shanduko muPsychology, nekuti kwakapesana nemhinduro dzebhizimusi. Mumakore akazotevera, kuedza kwacho kwakadzokororwa nevanhu nemhuka, asi mhedzisiro yaive imwe: Kana kuedza kwainzwisisa kuti vaisakwanisa kudzora mamiriro ezvinhu, ivo vanowanzo kuregedza kuita kuti vaedze kuchinja. Sekureva kweSeligman, mamiriro ekupenya okusabatsira anowanzo zora kushungurudzika uye neuris.
Kufarira kwakaparadzaniswa neyekutsvagira kwaive kwekuedza, uko kunyangwe zvakadaro, zvinoita kunge zvisina tariro mamiriro ezvinhu zvakaenderera mberi uyezve kutsvaga sarudzo. Maitiro avo azove anokanganiswa nekuvandudzwa kwespschology yakanaka, iyo inoongorora tariro uye zviitiko zvakanaka zvemunhu.
Kutaura kwaMartin mushure mekushamwaridzana kweMutungamiriri weAmerican Sypsceation kushamwaridzana neyekunyudza nharaunda yesainzi, nekuti kubva panguva yekuitika kwesimba rePsychology raishandiswa kuratidza uye kubata mapatani. Masayendisiti akataura achidzidza zviitiko izvo zvichabatsira kudzivirira kutaridzika kwekutsauka uku uye kuita hupenyu hwemunhu ane hutano anopenya.
Muna 2002, akaisa muenzaniso wemufaro wechokwadi. Yaisanganisira zvikamu zvitatu: chiitiko chemanzwiro akanaka, kubatanidzwa uye kuvapo kwezvinoreva. Gare gare, chirongwa ichi chakawedzerwa nezvinhu zvehukama uye zvakabudirira uye zvakagamuchira zita rakapfupikiswa perma.
Pfungwa huru dzepfungwa dzepfungwa dzepfungwa dzepfungwa dzakatsanangurwa mune dzakawanda zvinyorwa nemabhuku. Akazadza bhaibheri mabhuku akadai se "nzira yekudzidza tariro", "anofarira mwana" uye "munzira yekubudirira". Mazhinji emabasa akave anokara uye akashandurirwa mumitauro yakati wandei.
Maonero emuongorori anokwevera vakwezverwa vakakurumbira vePfungwa dzakadai saAlbert Bandura, Mihai ChixentMicii naJonathan Halidt. Pamwechete naChristopher Peterson, akasika kuiswa kwezvinhu zvakanaka zvemunhu akapatsanurwa kuita mapoka matanhatu. Gare gare pahwaro hwayo, mubvunzo webvunzo kuburikidza ne-ongororo yakagadzirwa, ichizivisa kubatsira kubatsira kukunda kushungurudzika uye kuwana mufaro. Izvo zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa mu psychotherapy.
Martin Seligman ikozvino
Muna 2020, musayendisiti anoramba achiita psychology, kunyangwe iye zvino ari kushoma kuti aonekwe pachena pachena, anopa kubvunzurudza uye kunoti pikicha.Quotes
- "Pessimist anogona kudzidziswa kuve tarisiro."
- "Hwaro hwekusava nebasa."
- "Hutano hwemuviri hunonyanya kuramba kuzvidzora kupfuura izvo zvinofungwa nezvazvo."
- "Iyo data iripo inoratidza kuti vanotarisira vanogara kwenguva refu kupfuura vasingatauri."
- "Mufananidzo wekufunga hazvisi izvo zvatakapiwa kamwechete uye nekusingaperi. Sezvatinoziva kubva kuPsychology, munhu anogona kusarudza zano rekufunga. "
BHAIBHERI
- 1975 - "Kubatsira"
- 1982 - "Psychology yekutsauka"
- 1991 - "Timba Rinogona Kudzidziswa"
- 1994 - "Chii chaunogona kuchinja uye chausingakwanise"
- 1995 - "mwana akanaka"
- 2002 - "mufaro chaiwo"