Biography
Victor Shklovsky kubva kune vezera rekutanga vaifarira art, iyo yakapesvedzera sarudzo yebasa. Akapinda mune iyo nyaya seyekuzivikanwa kuverenga, screenwriter uye munyori.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Victor Shklovsky akaoneka musi waSeptember 12 (24) muna 1893 muStrersburg. Baba vakadzidzisa masvomhu, saka vakava purofesa wezvinyorwa zvepamusoro zvinyorwa, uye amai vakatungamira imba. Mhuri yakanga yakakura, asi kubva kuvana vese kusvika pakukwegura vakararama chete. Hama dzake vakuru vladimir naNikolai vakapfurwa, Sista Eugene vakafa nenzara muPetrograd.
Mumakore ekutanga, biogrags shklovsky aisakwanisa kuzvirumbidza nekuita kwakanaka. Akadzokororwa kudzokorora kwezvidzidzo zvakaipa, kusvikira jaya rakapinda mumitambo yejynasium yakatumidzwa zita rekuti Nikolai Shepovalnikov, iro mukupedzisira rakapedza kubva kune sirivheri yemumba. Panguva iyoyo ipapo, Vitya aifarira mabhuku, uye mabasa ake akadhindwa mumagazini "tsime".
Naizvozvo, nguva yandaive nguva yekusarudza ramangwana rebasa, murume anofarira nhoroondo yerudzi uye philological yeiyo St. Petersburg University. Munguva iyi, shklovsky kuverenga zvakawanda, izvo zvakakanganisa kuumbwa kwechiitiro chake.
Nekuvamba kweHondo Yenyika II, Victor akaenda kune anozvipira kumberi. Akaramba achifarira mabhuku, ayo akauya naye Yuri Tyanyanov uye Boris Eikenbaum, naani Shklovsky akazopedzisira akatanga chikoro cheRussian. Muzvinyorwa zvavo "kumuka kweshoko" uye "art sekugamuchira", munyori akagadzira pfungwa dzekutungamira itsva uye akarondedzera kugamuchirwa kwekubviswa, mune izvo zvinhu zvakajairwa zvinopihwa muchimiro chisina kujairika.
Munguva yehondo, murume wacho aive nhengo yeKumusoro Revolution, yaisanganisira komiti yeiyo Speare inoparadzanisa uye yakatarisana nedare rePetrograd. Pamberi pazvo, akaratidza simba uye ushingi paakatungamira mukuru mukurwiswa pasi pemoto wemuvengi. Zuva iro, Victor akakuvadzwa mudumbu, asi akaramba achikurudzira mauto, kunyangwe kurwadziwa uye neropa. Zvezvino, akapiwa St. George Cross.
Mushure mekuvandudzwa, Shklovsky vakatora chikamu mukubuda kwemauto eRussia kubva kuPezhiya. Kudzokera kuPetrograd, jaya iro rakabatana neverreni, nekuda kweizvozvo kutambudzwa. Iye munyori aihwanda muchipatara chepfungwa muSaratov, akabva aenda kuKiev uye akazova nhengo yekuedza kwakundikana nekuparadza kwePavel scoropads.
Chete nekuda kwekukumbira maxim gorky, kuongorora mukati meizvozvo kwakamiswa. Kwechinguva, murume anoverenga hurukuro dzemufungo yemabhuku pasi peimba yekuburitsa "mabhuku epasi rose", akazova purofesa weRussia Institute yerudzi rweRussia.
Hupenyu Hwako
Mujaya hwake, munyori akaroora Vasilis Korde, uyo akamupa vana vaviri. Mwanakomana waNikita afa munun'una wenyika, mwanasikana waVarvra, akaroora Efimi, akabereka mugari wenhaka, obva kumashure kwedeten nikolai panchenko. Mukadzi wechipiri wemunyori akava Seraphiimi weSuki, aakawana mufaro muhupenyu hwake.Mabhuku
Mukutanga kwa1920s, Shklovsky aive anoshingairira kuita zvekuverenga, akanyora mabhuku uye akaburitsa zvinyorwa mubhuku reKasha neye "Imba yeVETR". Mukutungamirirwa naye, boka re "Scrapiones hama" rakaumbwa, pamisangano yaaimbove munyori.
Kana kusungwa kwevhiki Serc kuvandudzwa zvakare, purofesa akamanikidzwa kutiza uye kutamisa kubva kunyika kuenda kuFinland, uyezve kuGerman. Yakanga iri mukati menguva yehupenyu muBerlin rwendo rwakakurumbira "rwakanyorwa" rwakanyorwa, izvo zvakapa kutanga kwetatu autobographilogy.
Iri bhuku repiri rekutenderera "zoo, kana kwete nezve rudo" rakagadzirwa mushure mekudzokera kuRussia. Izvo zvakavakirwa pane kunyorerana neanun'una wechidiki LILLy Brick Elza Tyole, mune iyo munyori asina kunyorwa murudo. Pedzisa trilogy "yechitatu fekitori", iyo yakadzikira bhaibheri muna 1926.
Mushure mekuwana mukana wekudzokera kuUSSR, murume uyu akamanikidzwa kugara muMoscow. Ikoko akanyora muunganidzwa "Hambourg account" uye akatanga kushamwaridzana naVladimir Mayakovsky, uyo aive muboka remarara. Iye munyori akaramba achitungamira hupenyu hwekushanda uye aive mutambi mukukurukurirana kwekunyora.
Kwemakore, Viktor Borisovich Kubva Pfungwa dzepfungwa dzepamutemo, iro raakatsaurira chinyorwa "chamanje kana kukanganisa kwesainzi." Akaramba achigara achiburitsa, aitwa seyekushora kuverenga. Kunyanya, munyori akabatana nemafuru eBoris pasturak, izvo zvakaiswa mukutongwa pachena.
Mukukwegura, Shklovsky akatanga kufarira dzidziso yeCinema, inobatana neterevhizheni, iyo yaakagadzirira chirongwa "kugararama,. Zvinyorwa zvake zvenguva yakaratidzwa kufarira nebasa reClassics, kusanganisira FeDOR Dostoevsky uye Shumba Tolstoy.
Rufu
Kunyatsofa kwaitwa munaDecember 1984 muMoscow, chikonzero cherufu chakaneteswa hutano. Guva rake rinowanikwa pamakuva eKunsevsky. Mukurangarira Munyori, anoshanda, mapikicha uye mazwi, asingafi muQOTUTIONS yakaramba.BHAIBHERI
- 1914 - "Kumutswa kweShoko"
- 1914 - "Tungamira Pèrot"
- 1923 - "Zoo. Tsamba kwete nezverudo kana yechitatu eloise, "Berlin," Helikon "
- 1924 - "Rwendo Rwomarara"
- 1926 - "Yechitatu Fekitori"
- 1926 - "Rombo rakanaka uye kukuvadza kuMaxim Gorky"
- 1928 - "Hambourg account"
- 1930 - "Blonde, asi nyaya yakavimbika pamusoro pemafaro"
- 1931 - "Marco Polo Scout"
- 1937 - "Zvinyorwa pane Pushkin Prose"
- 1944 - "Misangano"
- 1964 - "Vakararama - vaive"
- 1965 - "Kwemakore makumi mana. Cinema zvinyorwa »
- 1973 - Eisenstein
- 1981 - "Simba Rokunyepedzera"