Biography
Ludwig Wittgenenstein - Austrian Philososter Xx Century, iyo yakagadzira dzidziso yemutauro wakakwana. Yakanga yakavakirwa pamasvomhu pfungwa. Kunyorwa kwesayenzi kunopa pfungwa yefungidziro yekusatonga.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Ludwig akaberekwa musi waApril 26, 1889 muVienna. Iye mukomana akazova mudiki pavana vasere vevane magnate newawakaroorana naye. Baba vakaronga kukura kubva kuvanakomana vevanosamati maindasitiri nhamba uye havana kuvimba nedzidzo yechikoro, saka muhudiki vakadzidza kumba.
Wittgenstein-sr. Aive munhu ane hutsinye uye asina ruzivo, ayo akakanganisa hama dzake. Vatatu kubva pavana vashanu vevadiki vakazviuraya. Senior Hama Hans vakafunga hunyanzvi. Muna 1902, akapukunyuka kuUnited States uye akafa mumamiriro ezvinhu asinganzwisisike.
Muna 1904, Rudi, mudzidzi weCemical Faculy yeBerlin Academy, akazviuraya mubhari, kunwa mukaka neCyanium Potsium. Maererano nerumwe ruzivo, aive munhu ungochani uye akanyatsonetseka nezverufu rweshamwari. Kuti akaraira uto reAustria pakupera kwehondo yenyika yekutanga. Mukuru akapfurwa akafa mukudonha kwa1918.
Mubereki akanyoroveswa uye akatenderwa ludwig naPaul kudzidziswa muchikoro cheveruzhinji. Muzivi wenguva yemberi akavharwa, haana kuratidza kubudirira muzvidzidzo zvake uye nekuomerwa akawana mutauro wakajairika nevezera ravo.
Wittgenstein yakatanga kufarira engineering neAviation system, semudzidzi weTechnische Hochschule Berlin. Muna 1908, akagamuchira diploma kuYunivhesiti yeManchester Victoria. Chiitiko che iconic muBiography of Ludwig chaive chekuziva nezvemabasa eGototobha Frege, avo vakabatwa nemhosva yekufunga nezvezvinhu zvehunyanzvi hwemasvomhu uye pfungwa.
Hupenyu Hwako
Wittgenstein yaisanganisira hukama hwerudo nevakadzi nevarume. Kubatsira hanzvadzi mukuvakwa kweimba muVienna kubva 1926 kusvika 1928, akasangana naSweden Margarita. Makore mashanu okukura, musikana akaramba achiendesa mararamiro omubati wemumwe wake, asi huswa hwekupedzisira hwaive rwendo kuenda kuNorway. Mariri, iyo nzira yekungoona yakaziva kuti aisakwanisa kuva mukadzi waFlososophish, ndokumusiya.Pakati pevasanangurwa, Ludwig anonzi David Pinsemi, uyo muzivi waivepo muna 1912, Francis Skinner, mumwe wake kuma1930, naBen Richards, avo vairatidza muhupenyu hweAustria kuma1940.
Uzivi
Muna 1911, Wittgenenstein yakapinda Cambridge, kwaakange ari mubatsiri uye shamwari yeBerran Russell.
Mushure mekufa kwaBaba muna 1913, jaya iri raive pakati pevakapfuma kwazvo. Akakamura nyika pakati pehama, uye mimwe yemari yakapihwa kune manhamba okusika. Ludwig pachake akabvisa pasi mumusha we rustic mumusha weNorway weSkoldden uye akanyora basa rinonzi "zvinyorwa pane zvekufungidzira".
Zvidzidzo zvake zvaibatanidzwa nemazano emari yemitauro. Akakurudzira nezve tautology mumitsara sechokwadi, uye kupesana - sekunyepa kana kusaverenga kune rimwe remapoka.
Muna 1914, Wittgenenstein akasiya akazvipira kumberi. Pashure pemakore matatu, akabata uye panguva yekupedzera akanyora "zano rehunyanzvi." Kusununguka kwakabudiswa muna 1921. Akabudirira muEuropean Professional nharaunda. Pakazosvika nguva, Ludwig anga atoshanda semudzidzisi pachikoro chamaruwa.
Kudzidzisa zviitiko kwechinguva chakatsiviwa basa semurimi murimi mumamongi. Ipapo musayendisiti akanyatsoita pedagogy muedagogine institution institution pedyo neTrattenbach. Pano akanyora bhuku idzva - Vana vevana rekududzira uye kuperetera, iro rave riri basa repiri remunyori, rakabudiswa mukutsvaira kuzere.
Muna 1926, akadzokera kuzoshanda pa "zano rine musoro-ruzivo", sezvo akawana kuti akadudzirwa zvisiri izvo, uye mamwe ematongerwo akarondedzerwa aive asina kunaka. Basa raWittgenstein rakasanganisira manomwe aphorisms vanowedzera netsananguro.
Pfungwa huru yaive yekuzivikanwa kwechimiro chine musoro chemu mutauro uye chimiro chenyika. Iye mukunzwisisa muvambi wefungidziro haapo kubva pazvinhu, asi kubva pachokwadi. Zvirongwa zvinova zvikamu zvemitauro. Mukuwirirana neiyi pfungwa, mutauro unozviisa pasi pemitemo yekufungidzira uye inogona kunge yakagadzirirwa, uye zvirevo izvo mitemo iyi inotyorwa haina zvazvinoreva. Imwe yemakotesheni akakosha ezvirongwa zvekuverenga:
"Izvo zvisingagone kutaura nezvazvo zvinofanirwa kunyarara."Pashure pacho, Wittgenstein ine mazano matsva anoratidza mutauro seyachinja maitiro emamiriro ezvinhu mune zvinopesana zvingave zviripo. Zvichienderana nepfungwa yekuvandudzwa, basa reuzivi raive rekugadzira mitemo yakajeka yekushandisa zvikamu zvemitauro uye kupesana nekupokana.
Semuvambi wekuyerera kwehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi, Ludwig Wittgenenstein aive nesimba rakakura pane kuumbwa kwehunyanzvi hweAnglo-American eruumbi. Mukuwedzera, pane hwaro hwemazano ake, dzidziso yezvinhu zvine musoro positivism yakagadzirwa. Nyanzvi dzinofunga nezve hombe mupiro kune iyo pfungwa pane iyo sainzi ye "mavara mavara", mairi kwaive nekutaura nezvemitambo yemitauro. Matanho esayenzi aive achida kumusha kwavo uye kune dzimwe nyika. Soviet Philoso Alexander Zinoviev akafiraidzira zvakare kuongorora kwake.
Muna 1929, "pfungwa-yehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi" yakatanga sekusawirirana muCambridge. Wittgenstein akagamuchira muridzi wemudzidzisi muUtatu College.
Pashure peAnowlus muna 1938, musayendisiti akazova mugari weGerman. Zvinoenderana neNuremberg mutemo, murume akaparidzirwa semuJudha. Muzivi uye hama dzake aive pakati pevashoma veavo Adolf Hitler aive aine chimiro chakakosha. Izvi zvakafuridzirwa nemamiriro ezvinhu nemikana yemari yemhuri. Muna 1939, Ludwig akagamuchira vagari vemuBritish.
Pakati peino nguva, musayendisiti akaverenga hurukuro dzemasvomhu uye uzivi muCambridge, izvo zvinopesana nemashure ehondo dzemauto airatidzika kunge risingadzoreki. Muna 1941, akagara muSanitar kuchipatara cheLondon. Wittgenstein yaiita kuiswa mukutumira kwezvinodhaka kubva pamishonga pasi pezita rechinomwe uye rakaramba riri muInstitution ye incognito.
Muna 1947, muzivi akataura nevamwe vatinoshanda navo kubva kuOxford munharaunda yaJowetta. Akasiya University of Cambridge uye akatarisa pane zvekunyora zviitiko. Sezvo ashanyira Ireland, Ludwiig akaramba ari munyaradzi. Muna 1949 vakashanyira New York, vatungamidza shamwari. Pakati peino nguva, akanyora "zvidzidzo zveruzivo", rakabudiswa muna 1953. Kutaura mubhuku raive nezve muyedzo kunonzi "Beetle mubhokisi". Pfungwa yekudzidza yakamanikidzwa kufunga nezve chimiro chemutauro uye chimiro chekusiya mazano pamusoro penyika.
Rufu
Muzivi akafa muna Kubvumbi 1951. Iko kukonzera rufu yaive kenza yeprostate. Muyesayenzi akavigwa pane tsika dzeKaturike muCambridge, kwete kure neChapel yeSt. Mabhuku ake "Genesisi nenguva", "pakuvimbika" uye vamwe vakaburitsa posthurumusly.Ludwig Wittgenstein akaitisa Diariaries, uye vanhu vepedyo vePhilosopher zvasara zvinyorwa uye memoirs, iyo yakarondedzera kuzivikanwa kwake uye tsika yake. Ray monk audzwa nezve hupenyu hweAustria mubhuku rinoti "chikwereti ndiwe." Mufananidzo wemutsvaguhi nhasi unogona kuwanikwa mumabhuku ehunyanzvi uye zvinyorwa zvehunyanzvi.
Quotes uye aphorisms
- "Kubva pane zvese zvinoita kunge zvisina kutevera kuti ndizvo."
- "Imwe yematarenda anonyanya kukosha haishamiswe nenyaya dzausina hanya."
- "Nyika iri musanganiswa wechokwadi, kwete zvinhu."
- "Chii chinogona kutaurwa munzvimbo dzose chinofanirwa kutaurwa zvakajeka; Nezve chinhu chimwe chete chisingagone kutaura chinofanira kunyarara. "
- "Tarenda iri chitubu, kutakura mvura nyowani nyowani. Asi chitubu ichi chiri kudhonza kana vakazvinakira zvakaipa. "
BHAIBHERI
- 1913 - "Zvinyorwa pane Logic"
- 1921 - "Logic-Uzivi Chiziviso"
- 1929 - "Kuverengeka kwakati pane fomu ine musoro"
- 1953 - "Uzivi Zvidzidzo"
- 1956 - "Comments pane zvekutanga zvemasvomhu"
- 1958 - "BHUKU BHUKU"
- 1958 - "Brown Bhuku"
- 1980 - "Kutaurirana uye Kukurukurirana Nezve Aesthetics, Psychology uye Chitendero"