Biography
British Intelligence Officer Kim Filby aive mumiririri weSoviet Union, akatungamirwa naMi-6 pakupera kweHondo Yenyika II. Kuziviswa kwezvirongwa zvekupa mari yekuMavirira, kutungamirwa kurwisa maCommunist, uye kushandira pamwe nevamwe vashori vakanyimwa mugari wenyika.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Harold Adrian Relrill Filby akaberekwa munguva yechando cha1912, madzitateguru aigara muBritish India uye akashanda senyika yekoloni. Vaifarira nhoroondo, Ethnography uye tsika dzeAsia, saka dzaisava pasi pesimba reEurope kubva kunze.
Harry Saint-baba vaJohn Bridge Filby aiziva muIraq uye nanudidania, makore ake mazhinji emushandirwi aive emir Abdul-Aziz-II. Dora Philby, uyo akazova amai vemubato miviri yemberi, muhuduku hwake, akaverengerwa zano kumukadzi wekutanga wepamutemo.
Mumhuri, kwaizoenda kunze kwechiIslam cramic, vairemekedza mabhuku nematambudziko enguva dzekare. Nyaya ichangobva kuitwa muMuslly akawana mukadzi wechipiri uye, nguva yakareba isingaiti kumba, akagara pakati pemadzinza emuBedouin.
Sezvo ava muAramu eIsita uye anozivikanwa muArabist, murume akatuma mwanakomana akaenda kumwanakomana kuEngland uye mukadzi wekutanga. Akapa mukomana zita rekuti rukudzo rwegamba rebhuku reReddiard kipling, the novelist, rakatsanangurwa zvakadzama nyika inoshamisa.
Harold Adrian Russell akadzidza pachikoro chekugadzirira muShekrord, nekuti Ambuya Quinti Duncan akauya achibva kumhuri yeChirungu. Sekuru vaizotarisirwa nekofi yekofi padunhu reBritin Ceylon, vakaunza muzukuru nehunhu hwevanhu vane tsika uye vane masimba.
Semwana, mukuru mukuru wekungwarira anogara achitsigira hukama nomubereki wake, akaenda kuSaudi Arabia, azere ne "vanhu vanonzwisisika kwazvo". Chiitiko ichi chakabatsira kujairana kujairana nenzanga yeEurope uye kuwana shamwari dzakatendeka nekukurumidza sezvinobvira.
Mukutanga kwa1920s, Kim akapinda muWestminster chikoro, akagamuchira chitupa nekukudzwa uye kubvuma kuchiedza chechiRungu. Kuva mudzidzo muUtatu Koreji yeiyo Yakakurumbira Cambridge University, Philby akadzidza hupfumi kwemakore akati wandei.
Maurice Dobb, uyo akawana mukurumbira seyekutungamira marxist kwezana ramakore rechi20, akatora chizvarwa chevhu rine mbiri pasi pebapiro rakanaka. Kamwe kuFederation iyo yakabatsira vakawanda vakawirwa neFascism muParis, jaya, raive nezvavariro, vakaziva kuti aive nerombo.
Shanda musangano remarudzi akawanda rakagadzirira Kim Philip Philby Kuti Aise Corpus yekuongorora kweiyo yechidiki yeSoviet nyika. Cambridge vakapedza kudzidza vaigara muAustria uye vanobatana nekuchinja kwenzvimbo kunofungidzira kutanga kweHondo Yenyika II.
Hupenyu Hwako
Munguva yechando ya1934, musikana webasa, akaoma naHupenyu Hwemunhu weBritish Beelgence, akazova mukadzi wake. Mushure mekuroora muVienna, vaviri vacho vakatamira kuLondon, zvekuti mintoligues yezvematongerwo enyika haaphora rugare rwemhuri.Nenguva isipi munhu pamirairo yevapomberi vakava nhengo yehungwaru hwemuno, uye anodiwa, yero Communke, aifanira kusiya imba yakaroora. Chokwadi ichi kubva kuBiography chinosimbiswa nemagwaro epamutemo anowanikwa neSoviet mutori wenhau heyrich ravyanovik borovik.
Kutarisira kuenderera kwehukama hwehukama mushure mekupedza basa racho, Philby akatsigira kubatana neLitzi uye haana kukurumidza kunyorera kurambana. Novel Bove neAristocrat yeiyo yakakurumbira mutambi weFrancis yakanaka, inobvumidzwa kutsungirira kusurukirwa uye kupona nguva yenhamo.
Muma1940, Kim aifanira kusiya ramangwana rakabatanidzwa neFriedman - kuUK akadanana nemukadzi wekare Eileen Fursa. Mhedzisiro yevana yakaberekerwa muwanano, uye kufa kwemumwe mukadzi wechipiri epiye pamutemo kwakakonzera imwe kufararira kwezvematongerwo enyika.
Mukati me1950s, mukuru weBritish Perlligence Officer akasangana naElanor Bruer, muchato wakaridzwa nguva pfupi pamberi peSoviet Union. Mukadzi akafunga kugara mufurati remurume wemurume wake, akatarisira nemwoyo wose mufaro uye nhare yezvisungo zvakaroora.
Mukushaikwa kwake Philby akasangana nemukadzi wediplomat yeChirungu, iyo Novel ine Melinda mcleene yakagara kwemakore mashoma. Nekuda kweizvi, muna Chivabvu 1965, zita remutungamiriri wechitatu weSpy rakayambuka kubva mumagwaro uye girafu yemubvunzo wepamutemo.
Rufina Ivanovna Pukhova, mukadzi wePoland nyika, akapona pahondo yenyika, akazova mukadzi wokupedzisira wemumiririri wevaviri. Kim, akapindwa muropa nedoro nekuda kwekutambudzika kwakakosha, kwakaedza kuswedza mukadzi wechidiki akavimbika mukuora mwoyo.
Kungwara
Mujaya hwake, Philby akasangana neAddemician Doych, achitonga nemufananidzo muchivande machira, yaive spy spy. Sangano-rakamisikidzwa mune network, inozivikanwa seCambridge shanu, Kim yave imwe yevanonyanya kuchengetedzwa nevanhu.
Anopedza kudzidza kweyunivhesiti yepamusoro yunivhesiti yakatanga basa renhau, makotoni mazhinji akaoneka muBritish nepepu dzeSpanish. Kubvumirwa kubasa rakavanzika muMI-6 kwakabvunzwa kubva kumurume kuramba okufungidzira kubva pane zvinangwa uye basa rakakura.
Pakarwa nyika inofambira mberi vakarwa pamwe nevapambi veGerman-fascist, Phild akapfuura ruzivo rwevaCommunist kubva kuUSSR. Ruzivo nezve kutanga kweHondo yeKursk, inocherechedzwa nekuverenga kunyorera, kwakabatsira vatungamiriri vehondo machena kuti vaise chipinganidzo pamberi pevapambi.
Pakati pa1955, American Elizabeth Bentley akafona rondedzero refu yeKGB superhion. Icho chokwadi chekuti Philby akaburitsa patsva nhau nezve kutadza kwakaitwa mukuwedzera nyanzvi.
Kuti udzivise kufungidzirwa kushandira pamwe nenhengo dzeSoviet Ungwaru, iyo Chirungu yakatsiva nhamba yevanhu vakasarudzika vari kuongorora. Nzvimbo yemusoro weDhipatimendi Rekumwedza kwemaCommunist, kunyangwe tsika dzakanaka, dzaive dzakakosha kumumiririri.
Muma1950, Kim akashanda muBritish Consulate muSttanbul, akaparadza magandanga akatyisidzira nyika yeSoviet. Ipapo Philby akatamira kuUnited States of America, kwandakatarisa vamiririri vachipinda mumutambo wakavanzika.
Pakati peino nguva, munhu wespy akakonzera kusatenda kwehutungamiri, runyerekupe rwakafamba rwekuita mabasa akakosha emasimba ekunze. Kudzingwa kwaMi-6 kwakateverwa nekuenda kunzvimbo yeBeirut uye kukurumidza kudzoreredzwa kwehunyanzvi uye kodzero.
Kunzwa kwekutyisidzira kwekuratidzwa hakuna kubva Kim Philby, uye mukutanga kwa1960s ainidza kuungana kuSoviet Union. Muchinzvimbo chehunyanzvi hwekungwarira, murume ane biography yakaverengeka ikaona imwezve.
Pakupera kwehupenyu, muridzi wevagari veGreat Britain akashanda muDhipatimendi rezvinyorwa zveMabasa eKGB. Mubhuku rakanyorwa muCo-kunyora neGeorge Blake nedzimwe tsori, akataura nezvemazuva akapedzerwa mumatongerwo enyika akavanzika.
Rufu
MuSoviet Union, Kim Philby, maererano newairo remurume wekupedzisira, akawira mukuvimbirira nedoro, kuti angangopenya neimwe nzira kupenya hupenyu. Iyo mamiriro ezvinhu mudunhu pavaisave nehanya nevanhu vakaparadzaniswa mazano uye kutenda mune yakavakwa socialism.Mushure mekudya kwemasikati, murume akura uyo aida "chidzitiro chesimbi", zvinopesana nemuratidziri emukadzi wake, anonwa zuva nezuva pane bhodhoro remhando yebrhty. Rufina Pukhava akapokana kuti aive achiedza kuzviuraya, asi iyo doro rakauraya spy haazivikanwe chokwadi.
Mukuru chikonzero chekufa muna Chivabvu 1988 aive akakundikana moyo, akatsamwisa nhungamo. Vanhu vakaungana paguva, iri pamakuva eNuntsevsky, vanoziva zvisiri pamutemo chokwadi chakarongedzwa navanachiremba.
Mubairo
- 1938 - Muyambuke yeiyo orden yechiuto chechiuto cheRed chikamu
- 1946 - kuraira kweBritish Hussion degree reMukuru
- Kurongeka kwe lenin
- Kurongeka kwemabhanyi akatsvuka
- Kurongeka kwehondo yehondo i degree
- Kurongeka kwevanhu vane ushamwari
- Saina "Honorary State Social Security Officer"
Ndangariro
Mafirimu:
- 1969 - "Kim Philby aive munhu wechitatu"
- 1977 - "Philby, Burgess uye Maclin"
- 1980 - "Kurwira"
- 1987 - "Chechina Protocol"
- 2003 - "Cambridge Vasori"
- 2007 - "Hofisi"
- 2011 - "Zvinongedzo zveMutorwa"
- 2013 - "Spy"
- 2014 - "Kim Philby: Kunyengedzera kwepamoyo"
- 2014 - "X Camp"
- 2017 - "Dhiabhori anovhima"
Mabhuku:
- 1980 - "Hondo Yangu Yakavanzika" (Kim Philby)
- 1992 - "Kim Philby - Superhpion KGB" (Phillip Knightley)
- 1997 - "Ndakafamba nenzira yangu. Kim Phillby muhungwaru uye muhupenyu "(Rufina Pukhava, Maxim Bogdanov)
- 2004 - "Juan Pukhol, Spy, Kukunda Hitler" (Javier Juarez)
- 2005 - "Scout. Kim Philby. Man "(Todor Boyadzhiv)
- 2011 - Kim Philby (Nikolai Dolgoplov)
- 2015 - "Spy pakati peshamwari. Great BERIAL KIM FILBY "(Ben Makintiyer)
Architecture:
- Kima Philby Square muYasenevo South-Western Administrative Dunhu reMoscow