Biography
George plekhanov akapinda nyaya sedzimwe revanhu vekutanga veMarxism muRussia. Akaita mupiro wakakosha mukuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hweiyi nhungamiro uye akasiya ndangariro dzaari mumabhuku, makotesheni uye nhema nhema uye chena mafoto.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Georgy Plekhanov akazviratidza musi November 29 (December 11) kubva 1856 mumhuri akarega basa muchiuto Valentine Petrovich uye mudzimai wake wechipiri Mary, avo vaiva kuva vazukuru pakati Vissarion Belinsky. Makore ekutanga eKography Biography akapfuura mumusha weGudlovka Tambov Province.
Semwana, Georgy akarota kuenda ku tsoka dzaBaba vobva vava mauto. Akapedza kudzidza kubva kuVoronezh Gymnasium uye akapinda muchikoro cheJunker muStrersburg, pasina nguva akaodza mwoyo nenzira yakasarudzwa. Mushure meizvozvo, jaya racho rakava mudzidzi weMugodhi Institute, asi akabviswa asina kubhadhara. Pakati peino nguva, plekhanov akafadzwa nemazano ePopulism, aive akabatanidzwa mukushanduka kwekuchinja uye akadzokorora kuisa pasi pekusungwa.
Muna 1876, mafungiro akakosha akaita hurukuro mukudzivirira kweNikolai ChernysHevsky uye nekutya kutambudzwa kwakamanikidzwa kuvanda. Mujaya hwake, aive nhengo ye "kufamba kuvanhu", yaisanganisira sangano "pasi uye richaburitsa magazini yakafanana.
Asi munguva pfupi yapfuura pakanga paine kupatsanurwa pakati pevatori vechikamu veboka. Vamwe vacho vakatsigira rutsigiro rwemaitiro engandanga vekurwira masimba masimba kusvika pakurara, nepo plerkhanov nevatsigiri vake vaipesana nematanho akadaro. Semhedzisiro, "pasi uye kuTolya" vakaputsa mu "vanhu vachazowana" uye "Bhegi Bhegi rakabatana naGeorgy.
Chiitiko
Muna 1880, vabaridzi vakatyisidzirwa nekusungwa kwejeri, iyo yakamanikidzwa kutizira kuSwitzerland. Mumakore akatevera, Geory Valentinovich akagara muEurope. Akaenderera mberi nedzidzo yake, aive muteereri aive muteereri muRegonne uye Geneva University, akatsigira kutaurirana neveEuropean vezvematongerwo enyika.
Pasina nguva Plekhanov akatanga kufarira pfungwa dzeMarxism uye akaronga "rusununguko" rwakaitwa mukupararira kwemazano eKarl Marx uye Friedrich Angels muRussia. Akasimbisa kubatana nevatsigiri muSt. Petersburg, uko mabhuku ake akabudiswa mabhuku ake pasi pesseudonyms akasiyana.
Mabasa makuru ezvemabhuku anosanganisira "kumubvunzo webasa reunhu munhoroondo", "ArariSism uye zvemagariro" uye "nyaya huru yeMarxism". Mumabhuku ake, Georgy Valentinovich anosimudzira tsika dzeDemocracy yeSocialcal uye vagari vemo.
Iye munyori akabatsira kuhupfumi, akasimbirira kuti mutengo wacho unotemerwa nebasa rinoshandiswa pakugadzira. Akadzidza basa revashandi muhupfumi hwemagariro-hwehupfumi hweRussia uye akavadana simba rekutyaira rekusimudzira nyika.
Kwenguva yakati, plekhanov yaive mupepeti weLenin bepanhau "Spark". Muna 1903, akazova nhengo yeI II Congress yeRSDLP, mushure mekunge aitaura kubva kuVladimir Lenin uye akabatana neMessevek. Mune ramangwana, Georgy Valentinovich akasuka mazano emutungamiri weBolshevek uye akashata akataura nezve "April Theses".
Ndichiri kutama, Marxism Theorist haina kukwanisa kuve nhengo yakananga yezviitiko zvinoitika muRussia, asi haana kuramba padivi uye akadanwa pamusoro pevanhu kuti arwe nehondo yenyika yekutanga.
Mumakore achangopfuura, vaburidziri vaive mutungamiri wesangano rezvemagariro "kubatana" uye rakaburitsa pepanhau rezita rimwe chete. Shanyira Mamboland evanozivikanwa akabvumira makore 37 mushure mekudzingwa, muna 1917, asi akamanikidzwa kusiya zvakare nekuda kwehutano hwehutano. Munguva yekugara kwake muRussia, akaitisa kukakavara vapikisi uye akaburitsa zvinyorwa zvakakura zvezvematongerwo enyika ari mudunhu, kusanganisira iyo October Revolution, iyo yaakaita zvisirizvo.
Hupenyu Hwako
Mukadzi wekutanga weanenge mukurumbira aive naNatalia Smirnov, uyo akamupa vana vaviri, mukunda weTariro neMwanakomana waNicholas, uyo akafa muudyiki. Asi muchato hauna kufara, wawakaroorana naye akaedzwa kuti Geory Valentinovich anongoona moyo wokunakidzwa neushamwari uye aenda zvinoenderana newaichimbodiwa, yaive muchirongwa.Nekuda kweizvozvo, mukadzi uyu akasiya vaburitsiridzo, uye akaroora kechipiri. Plasst of plast yePlekhui yakava Rosalia fograd, iyo yaakawana mufaro muhupenyu hwake. Mukadzi akapa mukadzi wake kuvanasikana vake kutenda, Ridhiya, Eugege naMaria, asi dangwe ravo vakafa vachipinda.
Rufu
Marxist akatambura kubva ku tuberculosis, yaakadzoka kune mamwe makore 31. Nekuda kweizvi, nezera, hutano zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya vakakundikana mukurumbira, uye gore rekupedzisira rehupenyu hwaagara achirapwa. Asi kuedza kwevanachiremba hakuna kupa mhinduro, uye muna Chivabvu 30, 1918, plekhanov akafa, chikonzero cherufu chaive chechiitiko chemwoyo, chakaburitswa nemamiriro ekuwedzera kwetrabelis.
Muzivi akavigwa pane iyo volkovsky yemakuva, kwete kure neguva reVission Belinsky.
Ndangariro
- Mugwagwa anonzi Georgy Plekhanov ari muBelgorod, Penza, Kharkov, Lipetsk, Nikolaev, Orenburg, Minsk
- Plekahanov Chikamu muTomsk
- Imba-Museum G. V. Plekhanov muLipetsk
- Plekalanov imba muSt. Petersburg, uko kupatsanurirwa kweRussia National Library iri kuwanikwa
- Midziyo Georgia Plekhanov in St. Petersburg, Lipetsk, Plekhanov (Lipetsk Dunhu)
- Mukuremekedza George plekhanov, Russian Economics uye St. Petersburg State Mining Institute inonzi
- 1925 - "Stepan Hlturin" (Actor Oleg Frelich)
- 1961 - "Pakutanga kwezana remakore" (Actor Nikolai Annenkov)
- 1965 - "Commency Commission" (Actor Sergey Karnavich-Valaa)
- 1967 - Sophia Perovskaya (Actor Konstantin Khudyakov)
- 1974 - "Eagle Fall" (Acor Paul Eddington)
- 1981 - "Zvita 20" (Actor Ernst Rominc
- 1993 - "Rakatsemuka" (Actor Regantas Adomaytis)
- 2017 - "Trotsky" (Actor Dmitry Vorobyov)
BHAIBHERI
- 1883 - "Socialism uye Kurwira Kwezvematongerwo enyika"
- 1885 - "Kusawirirana Kwatinowana"
- 1894 - "Panyaya yekuvandudzwa kwekutarisa kwemanzwiro kune nyaya"
- 1895 - "Augusten Thierry uye Kunzwisisa Kwekurinda Kwemashoko"
- 1897 - "Pakunzwisisa kwekunyanya kuda kwenhoroondo"
- 1898 - "kumubvunzo webasa reunhu munhoroondo"
- 1905 - "pamafasi maviri. Kuunganidzwa kwezvinyorwa zvematongerwo enyika "
- 1908 - "Zvikuru zveMarxism"
- 1917 - "Hondo nerunyararo"
- 1923 - "Zviratidzo pane zvakaitika nhoroondo yeRussia pfungwa yezana rezita reXix"