Biography
Vladimir Vysotsky yakava ngano yeSoviet Music, Theatre uye Cinema. Nziyo dzeVysotsky dzakava classics uye isingadzivisiki kusingaperi hits. Kugadzira kwayo kwakaoma kwazvo kutsaura, sezvazvinofamba kupfuura chiyero uye chinowedzera ivo. Kazhinji, vysotsky ndezvemumhanzi wegungano, asi panguva imwecheteyo maitiro ayo maitiro uye zvinotongwa zvezvinyorwa zvakasiyana zvachose kubva kune yakatorwa muBardian svikiro. Muimbi iye amene akafirawo kubva pakufamba uku.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Vladimir Semenosotsky akaberekwa musi waNdira 25, 1938 muMoscow muMoscow mune imwe chete. Baba vaHetet - Bard uye mutambi, norivhi yeKiev, veteran yeHondo yechipiri yenyika, uye amai - vanotevera muturikiri. Hondo yakati yatanga, Vladimir Semenomuvich makore mana chete, saka Amai vakasarudza kusiya mwanakomana wavo kuOrenburg Dunhu. Ikoko, vysotsky akararama kwemakore anenge maviri, uye mushure mekubuda, mhuri yakadzokera kuMoscow.
Makore maviri gare gare, pakupera kwehondo, vabereki vakatsauka. Pakutanga makore, Vladimir Vysotsky akawira muhondo yepashure pehondo, saka humhandara hwake hahuna murarara, kusiyana nevezera riri muguta guru reUSSR. Kuve kuGermany, Volodya vakashanyira zvidzidzo zvekuridza piyano. Mai vake vakaroora kechipiri, vashanu vysets vysotsky yaive mune yakaoma hukama. Baba vakaberekwa vakaroorawo kechipiri, asi nevanakomana vokurera vaive nehukama hwakanaka.
Mudetembi mudiki akadzokera kuMoscow muna 1949, achigara nababa vake nemukadzi wake. Yakanga iripo kuti munhu waunozivana naye vashoma nemumhanzi ainyatsoziva, kana kuti panzvimbo pazvo, ane hudiki mudiki 50s, amudurura kuti aimbe. Chords yekutanga yeVladimir Semenvich ndeyevavariro dzekupaza romance, nzvimbo yakakurumbira yeavo vane hufu hwaipfuura mukati mehondo. Manheru, iyo kambani yaizotamba gitare renziyo nezveKolyma, vorkuta uye murke. Ipapo Vladimir Vysotsky akatanga bhuku rakakura negitare.
Pazera ramakore gumi, Vladimir Semenevich akatanga kushanyira denderedzwa redenderedzwa. Ipapo akange asinganyatsonzwisisa kuti remangwana rake nderemitambo. Mushure mekupedza chikoro, Vysotsky akatanga kuvakwa kweMoscow, asi mushure memwedzi mitanhatu ndakaona kuti ndakanga "ndisipo" uye ndikakanda institution.
Sekureva kweLegent, Vladimir akazviita kamwe kamwe uye eccentric. Yese New Year Evha mutambi mune ramangwana pamwe newavakadzidza naye akagadzirirwa kugadzirira muchikamu, akaitwa dhizaini, pasina izvo zvaisakwanisa kubvumidzwa kuongorora. Mushure memaawa akati wandei ekurapa basa, madhirowa aive akagadzirira - uye vhostsky vakabata chitunha kubva patafura ndokudururwa pane pepa rake. Vladimir akaziva kuti aisakwanisa kuve muchikoro ichi chechikoro, uye mwedzi mitanhatu yasara yakasarudza kushandisa pakugadzirira kusvika kutsva.
Mushure meizvozvo, wechidiki charsigatic guy akanzwa MCAT uye mushure memakore matatu akaita dambudziko rake pachiitiko chezviitiko zvekushandisa "kupara mhosva uye kurangwa." Ipapo Vladimir Semevhite yakatanga basa diki rekutanga mufirimu "vezera".
Theatre
Mushure mekusunungurwa kubva kuStudio Studio, Vysotsky akaenda kubasa mumitambo yemitambo. Pushkin. Nenguva isipi, mutambi akaenda kuimba yemitambo, achitamba ipapo muzvikamu zvidiki uye zvokuwedzera, izvo zvisina kukonzera kushingairira kukuru. Paivewo nekuwana kuedza kusabudirira kupaza muTheatre "anorarama paraficha 13.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, ndaida vladimir semitivich, Theatre yakabatwa neTaganka, maaishanda kusvikira parufu. Pano Vysotsky akaedza mifananidzo yeHamlet, Pugacheva, Sipigiriyalov uye Garirea. Pamwe chete neTheatre paTaganka, mutambi akafamba zvakanyanya, aingoita muFrance, Poland, nguva yeGermany, kakawanda, akashanyira Mexico, Canada neThe HAHITS.
Mumhanzi
Mavara kune nziyo Vladimir Vysotsky akazvinyora. Ndima dzekutanga vysotsky dzakanyora kuchikoro. Nhetembo "mhiko yangu", mudetembi mudiki akazvitsaurira kuonda uye nenzira yekuchema nekuchema nezverufu rwemutungamiriri. Rwiyo rwekutanga amene amysotsky mafoni "Tattoo", iyo yakaurayiwa muLeningrad muna 1961. Rwiyo urwu rwakatanga mubasa rekothe rekutenderera kweyadhi, "inonyatsoshanda" mabasa.
Pasinei nezvinotaurwa nezvomutambi amene, kune imwe rwiyo rwakatangira gore rapfuura. Rwiyo urwu runonzi "49 mazuva." Akanyorwa pamusoro peiyo feat yemauto eRussia akaderera pagungwa rePacific. Nhetembo dzaive dzakazvipira nenyaya yakanaka, asi haina kuita kuti Vysotsky ide chisikwa chake. Akadana rwiyo urwu kuHolitchikov batance uye akapindura akanyanya pamusoro pake. Maererano nemunyori, iwe unogona kudzvanya ndima dzakawanda dzakadai, nekungoti nekuvhura musoro wezviitiko zvazvino mune chero pepanhau ndokunyorwazve surname. Kuti uwane mudetembi zvakakoshesa kupfuudza kugona kubudikidza neni, saka haana kuziva "rwiyo" rutsonzi "mazuva makumi matatu nematanhatu".
Kurudziro yemunyori vladimir vystsotsky drapel kuBlat Okudzhava, uyo, kusvikira zuva rekupedzisira rehupenyu hwake afunga nezveMupi wake. "Rwiyo pamusoro pechokwadi nenhema nhema" dzakazvipira kwaari. Kunyora mimhanzi uye lyrics mutambi akatanga muma60s. Vateereri vekutanga havana kukoshesa "yadhi" motifiki emumhanzi, uye ivo havana kufarira chaizvo vysotstop yake. Semumhanzi vladimir semedy yakaiswa zvishoma gare gare. Muna 1965, rwiyo Rwiyo "Rwiyo" rwaive chiratidzo chekuti kugona kwehudiki kwedeteti yekutanga kwapera. Gare gare, mutambi akanyora nziyo dzemufirimu, maakazvipfura uye akatora chikamu mune zvavakasunga.
Muna 1968, iyo yekutanga girazi rakabudiswa nenziyo dzevanyori dzeVysotsky. Yaive muunganidzwa wenziyo dzake kumuvhi "Vertical", kusanganisira ini ndakatanga kuremekedzwa mumufananidzo uyu, uye ndakazova rimwe remakadhi ebhizinesi reMimhanzi "Rwiyo."
Muna 1975, kwenguva yekutanga, uye, sezvaingoitika, kekupedzisira, muMukuru weSoviet yekuunganidza, nhetembo dzeVysotsky rakabudiswa. Yakanga ine rombo rakanaka kuvhesi "kubva munzira". Mugore rimwe chetero, muimbi akanyora ndiro itsva "v.vysotsky. " Yakanga iri hurukuro yakakura, nekudzoka kwemunyori pamberi pemwiyo imwe neimwe uye nekuperekedza matatu gitatu. Asi chinyorwa chakabuda chikamu chete uye chete mushure mekufa kwemunyori.
Muna 1978, vladimir vystsotsky akagamuchira chikamu chepamusoro cheiyo pop soloist. Izvi zvakaratidza kuti hushumiri hwetsika hunoziva basa reVysotsky uye vakagadzirira kuzviziva nemutambi wehunyanzvi.
Muna 1979, muimbi wacho akapa zvakawanda, akaita muNew York neToronto. Nziyo dzeVysotsky dzakafadzwa nevateereri kuti munharaunda inoteerera mutemo mugore rimwe chete pasina mvumo yekuburitsa yakadzora kurongedza kongoti ine kurongeka kwakavhiringidzika.
Mugore rimwe chetero, vladimir vysotsky vakatora chikamu mukugadzirwa kweiyo yakakurumbira samizdat almanach "metropol". Yaive bhuku rinoonekwa, muunganidzwa wezvevanyori ivavo vaisakwanisa kudhindwa zviri pamutemo. Makopi gumi nemaviri akabuda, asi mumwe wavo anogona kutora zvisiri pamutemo muUnited States, apo Almanac akaburitswa zviri pamutemo.
Vysotsky akaenderera mberi kuenda kunoshanyira. MuFrance, akasangana neGypsy Musician, mune mutambi aakaita nziyo dzakawanda uye rerudo. Vaimbi vakaronga kunyora rekodhi, asi Vladimir havana nguva yekuita izvi.
Mumakore ekupedzisira ehupenyu, muimbi haana kuzomboguma kupa makomisheni. Akataura muLeningrad, Kalindenrad uye Moscow, akaramba achitamba Hamlet muTheatre paTaganka.
MuReverertoire yemumhanzi uye mudetembi anopfuura mazana matanhatu nziyo, pamwe anenge mazana maviri enhetembo. Makomisheni ake akapinda mapoka evazhinji. Basa reVladimir Vystsotsky kusvika nhasi harina kurasikirwa nekuenderana. Muimbi akapa anopfuura imwe uye hafu zviuru zvemishonga pasi rese. Kamwe hupenyu, Vysotsky akaburitswa 7 ma albums ane gumi nemaviri emazambuko evamwe vaimbi mukuita kwake.
Iyo chaiyo discography yeese maAlbums uye maVysotsky kutora chikamu, zvinenge zvisingaite kugadzira, sezvo ivo vakabudiswa munyika dzakasiyana, vakatengeswa kunze kwenyika, kunyorwazve. Mushure mekufa kwaVysotsky, rwiyo rwake rwakaramba ruchibuda pamahwendefa.
Mafirimu
MuBiography yeVladimir Vysotsky, Theatre, mafirimu uye mimhanzi zvakabatanidzwa zvakafanana. Basa rake rekutanga, episodic mufirimu "vezera" Vysotsky airidza paunenge uchidzidza mumucha. Asi zvechokwadi Cinema akavhura vladimir semerovich seye mutambi muna 1961, mushure mekufafa "basa refirimu" rebasa dima Gorina ". Ipapo yakatevera "713th kubvunza kutakura" uye mamwe mafirimu. Asi pakanga pasina chinzvimbo chikuru, vysotsky vakatanga kushungurudzwa doro. Roti uyu akatendeuka.Kubudirira kwakasimba kwakauya muna 1967 nekuburitswa kwefirimu "Vertical", kwaakanyora nziyo dzese. About Vysotsky akabva angoziva nyika yese, panguva imwe chete iyoyo nezvemutambi, uye se muimbi. Tevere, Vysotsky akaridzwa mumifananidzo ye "misangano pfupi", kupindira "," kwakashanda vaviri vanomanikidza "," muridzi waTaia "," kushanya "kune njodzi".
Nziyo dzeVysotsky dzakashoropodzwa muDare repakati reCPSU uye Prorordinate Press. Vysotsky aisatadza kufuratira izvi uye mushure mekunge zvinyorwa zvekukurumidzira pamusoro penyaya, iyo Vysotskys Sry, akatumira tsamba kuDare repakati, kwaakadana kushoropodzwa uku nekunyarara uye kunyarara.
Kumir mamirioni vladimir vysotsky yakava isimba reSoviet Soviet. Aigara aramba kuita mabasa, uye nziyo hadzina kuenda kumhepo, saka mukati memakumi manomwe emutambi akapfura zvishoma. MuTheatre paTaganka, yakadzingwa nokudhakwa, vakafambidzana kumatare makuru. Vysotsky nguva dzinoverengeka dzinenge "dzakaramba" nyika nekuda kwemoyo usina kusimba, kushanda nesimba uye nguva refu. Asi panguva imwe chete, yaive mukati menguva ino iyo Vysotsky akatamba Hamlet yake yairangarirwa kumamiriyoni. Vladimir embodied inonyanya kuoma uye inokwezva chikamu nenzira yake chaiyo uye ine tarenda risingaperi.
Pane terevhizheni, kutapurirana kweAstonia kwakazvitsaurira kuVysotsky, "mukomana kubva kuTaganka" akabuda. Yakanga iri kutaridzika kwekutanga kweiyo artist paterevhizheni kwete mune yefirimu refirimu. Nezve mutambi akanyora yakawanda uye akanyorerwa. Chinyorwa chiri mubhuku ra "Mutambo" wakabudiswa nezvake, gare gare Vysotsky akadanwa kuti ataure paFrench TV chiteshi, kwaakazadzisa nhoroondo yake yerudo. " Asi pane terevhizheni yepakati, hapana kubvunzurudzwa kana kongiri yeVladimir Vysotsky panguva yehupenyu hwake akaratidzwa. Dzimwe nguva kwaive nekuedza kunyora kubvunzurudzwa kwetemberi terevhizheni. Semuenzaniso, vystsotsky vakataura nevaridzi veValery, asi vakazoitawo firimu nekuchinjirwa kwakashambwa, vasina kusiya chero chinhu asi chidimbu chidiki chekupedzisira kwemaminitsi mashoma.
Basa reVladimir Vystsotsky raive basa remufananidzo mutsika "pikicha risingakoshandukwe", apo mutambi akaridza gamba rake raanoda - grek zheglov, uye zvakare akaita saDirector. Mune ino firimu, rwiyo rwaVladimir Semossevich, kunyangwe pakutanga akataura chishuwo zvakadaro. Ipapo mutungamiriri akapokana nekusika kwakadaro, nekuti, mumaonero ake, Charismati Vysotsky anogona kupora mufananidzo wegamba rake.
Vladimir Vystsotsky Chaizvoizvo aida kutamba muAmerican firimu "tsvuku". Akanyora meseji yevhidhiyo kuWarren Beatti, uyo aifanira kuve mutungamiriri wefirimu. Asi kupinda muUS hakuna kumbobvira kwasvika.
Hupenyu Hwako
Vladimir semechime mugore rekutanga Mkhat, akasangana nedambudziko reZukusip, uyo akazova mukadzi wake wekutanga muna 1960. Muchato hauna kugara nguva refu, vakaroora vanowanzo kukakavara uye, vasina kugara pamwe chete nemakore, vakarambana.
Mukadzi wechipiri weMutambi akazova Lydmila Abromova. Vakasangana gore mushure mekurambana kweVladimir Semenvh nemukadzi wekutanga. Muchato uyu Abromov akapa muimbi wevana vaviri, ayo aisakwanisa kuponesa mhuri, uye atova muna 1968 vaviri ava vakadzorawo. Ivo vaviri vanakomana veVysotsky vakazoita vabati venhau uye vakasunga hupenyu hwavo nefirimu. Mwanakomana Mudiki, Nikita Vysotsky, anochengeta nyika yeCity Center-Museum v.S. Vysotsky.
Kwenguva yechitatu, Vysotsky akaroora Marina Vlad, iyo yandakatanga kuona "muroyi" mufirimu "uye pakarepo akawira murudo nebasa. Kwemakore mazhinji, muimbi airota mukadzi akanaka, achidzokorora pendi nekuita kwake chikamu. Vazivikidzi vavo vakanga vachiri kuitika. Pane imwe nguva, mushure mekuona mutambo, Vysotsky akashanyira nzvimbo yekudyira, kwaakazorora zvataurwa. Ipapo murume akananga akaenda kwaari, akaenda ruoko uye haana kuderedza meso kubva kuna Marina. Muna 1970, Vlad uye Vysotsky akaroora.
Vladimir Vysotsky hupenyu hwega woga hwakatendeuka, hope dzake refu dzakareba dzakaitwa. Saka zvakagara makore gumi, kusvikira parufu rwemunyori wechiimbi. Munguva yese iyi, Marina Vlady akaramba ari mutambi kwete chete nemukadzi wake waaida, rutsigiro, asiwo museum?
Asi mumhuri iyi, zvinhu zvese hazvina kutsvedza. Vysotsky aive nemukurumbira wemukurumbira, runyerekupe rwakawanda rwakapfuura iye nevakadzi vake. Yatove munguva yedu mu biography "vysotsky. Ndatenda nekugara. "Artist's novel neiyo tatiana Ivlev mumakore ekupedzisira ehupenyu. Vasikana vane zita racho harina kumbobvira risina kumbovapo, asi izvi hazvireve kuti muimbi anozivikanwa akazungunuswa uye anofungidzirwa kumurume akaroora ane rudo rusingaperi kudivi.
Mudzidzi Oksana Afanasyev akazove wekupedzisira rudo rweVysotsky. Akadanana nerudo nemukana uye pakutanga kuona. Sezvakazoudzwa, Oksana Akava wake wekutanga uye, pamwe, rudo chairwo rwechokwadi. Musiyano uripo pakati pevadiwa makore anopfuura makumi maviri. Oksana aive mwanasikana wemunyori akakurumbira, saka pakanga pasina tripi pamberi peunhu hwakakurumbira, zvakanyanya aitya kuti kune muimbi ane mukurumbira nemukadzi, angangove varaidzo chete. Asi aya aive manzwiro chaiwo ane hukuru hukuru uye kuyemurwa.
Mudzimai waVysotsky panguva iyoyo akararama hupenyu hwake muParis, asi aiziva nezvematatu emurume wake. Oksana akatotamisa kuimba kuna Vladimir, aiziva kuti aive akaroora, asi akazviona sechinhu chisipo uye chisina kukosha. Muimbi wamushu. Vysotsky haana kuvanza hukama hwake, anoziva pachena musikana neshamwari dzake nevatinoshanda navo.
Kutsamira
Vladimir Vystsotsky, kunyangwe achitaridzika nechivimbo uye kukura kwakanyanya, haana kusiyana nehutano hwakasimba. Iyo Artist yakasvimudzwa pack yefodya pazuva uye yave ichitsamira nedoro kwemakore mazhinji. Aive munhu anosika, asi mabasa ake aigara achishoropodzwa, akadzvanywa uye kumisikidzwa. Nezvose izvi, akabatsira kukanda kana kungoita kuti iite mazhinji eshamwari dzadzo dzakakurumbira. Akavabata muguta panguva dzekumaodzaniswa, vakanyengetedzwa, vakapa mapiritsi akaunzwa naMarina kubva kuFrance. Vaimbi vazhinji vaiziva vanopotsa kuti mumakore achangopfuura ehupenyu, Vysotsky akarega kunwa doro.
Kunyange zvakadaro, nguva refu muimbi wechiimbi aive nemoyo uye zvinetso zvekufema. Kurwiswa kwekutanga kwakakura kwakaitika muna 1969. Aiva neropa nehomwe, mukadzi akagadza ainzi ambulensi. Pakutanga, vanachiremba vakatoramba kugeza muchipatara, vachinyatsoongorora nyaya yake, asi mukadzi uyu akavharira gonhi ndokutyisidzira diplomatic nyonganiso. Vysotsky akanunura kutsungirira kwemukadzi wake uye chokwadi chekuti varapi vakaziva muimbi akakurumbira uye mutambi. Kushanda kwakatora maawa gumi nemasere.
Kupindwa muropa nedoro kwakava nemhedzisiro yayo, kukonzera chirwere cheitsvo uye chemoyo. Vanachiremba vakaedza kurwa neyakaomesesa nyika dzemishonga yeiyo Narcotic Series. Hazvizivikanwe kana izvi zvichikonzera kutsamira kana mimhanzi yacho pachayo yaizomubatsira kuramba doro uye kurarama nechirwere chavo, asi pakati pemakore 70s, Vysotsky akatanga kupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka. Aingogara achiwedzera dosi reMorphine uye Amphetamine, na1977 aisakwanisa kurarama pasina kushandisa zuva nezuva kwezvinhu zveNarcotic.
Panguva iyoyo, muimbi wacho wacho anga atove akatorwa, kuedza kurapwa kwaisave nekuita, uye vysotsky akafanotaura kufa kwemakore akati wandei kana kubva pakureba. Muna 1979 muBukhara Vysotsky, pamwe akapona parufu rwekiriniki. Biographers ichiri kupokana nezve chokwadi ichi.
Rufu
Musi waChikunguru 25, 1980, vladimir Semenavh Vysotsky akafa kamwe kamwe. Rufu rwakauya muchiroto mumba memuimbi akararama. Artist akamhanyira kutenderedza mukamuri ndokuti amai - anoziva zvichafa pazuva iri. Vladimir akarara chete mushure mekufambira mberi kwekunyepedzera uye akafa muchiroto.
Nekukumbira kwepedyo, kuvhurwa hakuna kuitwa, saka chaiko chaicho chekufa kweVysotsky haana kumbobvira agadzwa. Zvinoenderana nezvinoverengeka, zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti mudetembi, muimbi uye mutambi ane tarenda akafa neyencardial infantion kana kubva kuAsphyxia nekuda kwekunyanyisa. Shamwari uye vakaroora vakaziva kuti Vysotsky akauraya zvinodhaka, asi zvisina kunanga, overdose haatombotaurwa sechikonzero chingaitika.
Mumapepanhau uye paterevhizheni, kufa kweVysotsky pasina kushambadza. Izvi zvakaitika zvisingaiti zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuti pakanga paine simba rekusimbisa nedetembi, yakawanda sei nekuda kwezuva rerufu - akafa panguva yezhizha reLilmpiad muMoscow. Hapana munhu aida kupambadza chiitiko chikuru chakawanda chesekota neye necrologist. Mharidzo yemutambi yaAtort yakatumirwa muBhokisi Office Theatre pane iyo Taganka, uye chaunga chikuru chaive chingangopotera imba yekutandarira.
Ruzivo pamusoro pemariro rwakanyarara, asi guta rose rakauya kuzosangana nemuimbi. Sezvakataurwa naMarina, uyu Marina haana kuvigwa kunyange madzimambo. Kuti usvike kuVagankovsky makuva, bhokisi rine vysotsky yaifanirwa kutyaira kupfuura kremlin. Vakuru vakuru vakaedza kugeza maruva uye vakagogodza pasi pechifananidzo kuti pakange pasina kuoneka uyo akaonekwa kuburikidza neiyo nzvimbo yeMoscow, asi izvi zvisati zvaitika, chengetedza chinyararire, icho chando chakatarisana nekudzivirirwa kwekufamba. Vanhu vane amburera vakavhara maruva, vakadaidzira kumapurisa. Mifananidzo yeiyi kusagadzikana yakaenderera kutenderera nyika yese.
Kuti mudzidzisi mukuru mukuru kuvigwa kusiri kure nemusuwo, mukuru wemakuva aifanira kubayira chinzvimbo chake. Vysotsky guva rakazova rakangoiswa maruva. Mafani ehunyanzvi haana kukanganwa nezvazvo kwemakore mazhinji. Kusvika parizvino, vazhinji vanoyemura vanoshanyira kunatsiridza kwake kwekupedzisira uye kusiya maruva.
Muna 1985, iyo denderedzwa remvura rakachinja chifananidzo kumimhanzi. Chifananidzo chinogumisa rwiyo rwake "chivakwa" uye chinoratidza munhu achiedza kutiza kubva padombo uye kubva pamaketeni emakona ekugadzira.
Filmography
- "Vezera"
- "Svuta Dima Gorina"
- "Rarama uye Rakafa"
- "Hondo pasi pematenga edenga"
- "Vaviri Vakamisikidza"
- "Chechina"
- "Ndege ya Mr. Mcknley"
- "Zodiac Zviratidzo"
- "Kune vaviri vavo"
- "Nzvimbo yekusangana haigone kuchinjwa"