Biography
Asinganzwisisike uye akasungwa, sekunge kwete kubva munyika yeizvi, mikhailovich smoktunolovsky akagadzirwa uye akabatanidzwa pane inokonzeresa mufananidzo weiyo isina musoro, yakachena, isinganzwisisike uye inobata njere.
Zvinoenderana nendangariro dzevatungamiriri nevanoshanda navo, zvaive zvisingaiti kushanda ne smoktunovsky sekune vamwe vatambi: Iye murume wechigadzirwa uye saka aigona kuzadzikiswa zvakakwana mumamiriro ekunyaradza kwakanyanya. Uye kune vasina mhaka Mikhalovich, aya mamiriro akagadzirwa. Chete chaAri.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Mikhalent Mikhailovich muKurume 1925 mumusha weTatiana Province, iye zvino - Tomsk dunhu), mumhuri yaMikhail Petrovna naAnna Akimevna Smoktunovich, Akava mwana wechipiri. Zvinoenderana nenyika yechiJudha, asi mubvunzo wakanyora kuti Bhalarusian iyoyo. Madzitateguru akaendesa kuSiberia mushure mekudzvinyirira kumuka kwevaJudha vePolish pakati pezana re19.
Iye mukomana paaive nemakore mana, mhuri yacho yakatiza kubva kunenzara kuenda kuTomsk, uye gare gare - muKrasnoyarsk, uko hama dzakararama mu smoktunovsky. Ikoko, mamiriro ezvinhu akagadzirisa zvishoma. Musoro wemhuri wakashanda semutengesi muchiteshi, mama Voukenti vakapinda fekitori sausage, asi kuchine mudzi wekugara. Kuti afire, anne akimovna aifanira kuba kubva kubasa kwefupa nenyama zvasara uye achishandisa ivo kubheka uye muto.
Muna 1932, kana nzara yasvika paKrasnoyarsk, uye Ana akadzinga, vana vakuru Kashu naVolodyta vaifanira kupa tariro yetariro yetariro petrovna nemurume wake. Vakaroora vakaroora vaisave nevana vavo, vakomana vake nemwoyo wose, uye hupenyu hwava kubudirira.
Smoktunovsky akadzidza zvakashata, aisada zvinhu zvechikoro, airatidza rushaka uye nekukurumidza kutsamwa, izvo zvisina kufarirwa nevadzidzisi. Mukuwedzera, mukomana haana kuziva zviremera, uye zvakare kazhinji akabatanidzwa mukurwa. Kuve mugiredhi re6, gency, ratoda kudiwa neyetemberi, akasaina mumutambo weDrama reChikoro, asi munguva pfupi zvakamboshungurudzwa. Kuenda padanho pazuva rekutanga kwekutamba, kubva mukunakidzwa kwemuyori wechidiki, yakatendeuka pamberi penzvimbo yeimba uye pakupedzisira haina kukwanisa kutamba. Nekudaro, kunyangwe ichi chiitiko, theatre airamba achikwezva jaya. Nechokwadi chose uye kuwedzera kweKesch kwakaedza kusvika pakutamba kweguta reguta.
Mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma neidi rekuti pakanga pasina mari, uye nekuda kwechiitiko chipi chavanodyira, murume akafamba pamusoro penzi nengozi uye kazhinji zvisiri pamutemo matikiti. Gare gare, enzasha akawana basa renguva pfupi basa remitambo yemutambi, uye akabva apinda muchikoro chemakemeta emitambo, uye zvaiita sekunge hupenyu hwakagadziriswa kusvikira imwe dambudziko raitika.
Hondo huru yemuchato yakatanga, baba vakaendeswa kumberi. Jaya racho rakamanikidzwa kusanganisa zviitiko zvenguva dzose nebasa renguva pfupi kubatsira mhuri, umo vana vanomutswa vana. Pakupera kwa 1942, nhau dzakauya kuti Mikhail Smoktunovich akafa, uye mushure memwedzi mishoma uye mushure memwedzi mishoma yaakatora kuti arwe.
Panenge panguva yehupenyu iyo Grand mutambi yakazotaurira mukubvunzurudzwa uye autobiography. Kwemakore maviri, jaya rakakwanisa kushanyira nhapwa, kubva kwaakange atiza chete nekuda kwekubatsira kusingatarisirwi kwemusoja mumwe wechiGerman. Vasina mhosva vakapona nzara, vakapotapurwa kubereka, vakapukunyuka chete nekuti mhuri yevarimi yakamucheurerwa, yakaramba uye yakashanda nevanhu vese.
Muhupenyu hwake hwese, smoktunovsky anomhanyisa anomhanyisa pfungwa yekuonga kukuru uye mushure mekunge hondo isina kurasikirwa nekubatwa nevanobatsira vake.
Theatre
Pakupera kwehondo, Vachention akadzokera kumhuri iyi. Paakaedza nzvimbo dzinoverengeka dzebasa, jaya racho rakagadziriswa mune theatre studio kuKartsnoyarsk Theatre. Vatambi dzimwe nguva vakakokwa kutamba mukugadzira, saka munguva pfupi Smoktunovsky munguva pfupi yakatevera vakawana mukana wekuenda pane nhanho.
Nekudaro, kushomekana kwekudzidziswa kwakakosha kwakakanganiswa: Pese pese paanonyorwa panguva yekuita, kutaura kwake kwakava kunyarara uye kusakendenga. Iye director akaratidzwa achiti mutambi akakundikana, zvimwewo zvakapindurwa kwazvo uye nekutya. Nekuda kwekunetsana kwechigarire, mumakore asingasviki gore, Vachention akadzingwa kubva kumitambo yemitambo.
Mukutsvaga kweMufaro, Smoktunovsky akaenda kuNorsk, kwaaive nerombo rakanaka kugara mune yechipiri polar yemitambo yemumhanzi nemitambo. Panguva imwecheteyo, gency yakachinja musana we smoktunovich paPseudonym, pasi pekuziva vateereri. Ivo vanoti iyo yehunyanzvi hwekutungamira kweiyo theatre yakatsamira pane izvi. Vamwe vanopotsa kuti zita remuongorori rakachinja nokuzvidira kuitira kuti iye asina kuendeswa kumuJudha.
MuRelsigk, nekuda kwekutsigirwa kwevanoshanda navo, smoktunovsky akapfuura chikoro chekuita, akabvisa mabhuru uye akazopedzisira aratidze semuimbi anotyisa. Vanenge vangangove vasina mhosva vakatanga kugamuchira mabasa anotungamira mumitambo.
Zvishoma nezvishoma, mamiriro ekunze ekuchamhembe akatanga kudzikisira hutano hwemutambi, uye smoktunovsky anomanikidzwa kuchinjaniswa kweNorlk kumakhachkala. Ikoko, mutambi akakwanisa kupinda muDagistan Russian Mutoridhiridzi wemitambo, asi munguva pfupi ndakanga ndanyarara ndikaendeswa zvakare, panguva ino - kwaStlyration, uko nguva imwechete kudzoreredzwa kwehupenyu hwetsika kwakatanga.
Sezvo anga achitamba mumutambo "achitamba neplump" episocic basa, asina mhosva akakwanisa kutarisisa kubva kumuchina uye akazvizivisa seanogona "kuendesa" uye isa chinhu chakajeka kunyange chinhu chidiki. Smoktunovsky akatanga kusimudzira mifananidzo yakakosha uye munguva pfupi yakazova nyeredzi yemitambo. Asi zvishoma nezvishoma akawedzera kupokana pakati pemuchengeti uye mukuru wedare reGorky theatre. Gare gare, vasina mhosva vakadurura nemudzimai wake vaishanda mumitambo imwechete, uye yakava huswa hwekupedzisira. Muna Ndira 1955, muimbi akarega akaenda kuMoscow.
Smoktunovsky yakundikana pakarepo inosanganisira chero yeiyo huru metropolitan theatre. Kwemwedzi yakati wandei, mutambi akatengera zvinhu zvega, nguva nenguva akarara husiku hwenhamo hweshamwari dzaMachkov, panguva iyoyo yekutandarira zita retambo mushure meLenin Komsomol, akashanda mari shoma.
Joukentia akaponesa waunozivana naSulamifi Kushnir, mudzimai mune ramangwana. Kupinda munyoro kune jaya, musikana, uyo akashanda seumhizha-gadzira-kumusoro, akamusvitsa kuIvan Pyriv, akaronga muimbi, studio yeiyo firimu mutambi.
Muna 1957, mubatanidzwa unofara, Smoktunovsky akagamuchira basa reMuchinda Myshkin mu "idiot" mumitambo yakakura kwazvo. Nekuda kwebasa iri, kubwinya uku kwakauya kune mutambi, uye kwete muMoscow chete, asiwo muSoviet Union.
Mubatanidzwa wevaviri Geniyev Georgy Tevstonogov uye Innokentia Smoktunovsky chaizvo yakazunza nyika yemitambo. Asina mhosva akatanga kushanda muBDT, achitamba zviwanikwa zvikuru mumitambo yakati wandei. Panguva imwecheteyo, muimbi akatanga kuita basa rekutyaira. Nenguva isipi zvakaitika kuti nekuda kwefaira, Smoktunovsky ainonoka pakutanga kwemwaka wamitambo yake yeNative. Inopisa-kutsamwa tovstonogov akadzinga mutambi. Zvakaitika muna 1960.
Mumudzidzisi wemuBhayloclovich Michaylovich chete uye nemakore makumi maviri akatevera, airidza zviitiko zvakawanda, akasimbiswa uye asina kukodzera kubwinya kwake. Iyo Scenic Duet yeSpoktunovsky uye Oleg Efremova yakanyanya kusiyanisa.
Kusvika makore mashoma ehupenyu, Vapikentia Mikhalovich, shamwari mbiri dzaiwanzotamba pamwe chete.
Mafirimu
Kubva ma1960, mutambi anoshingairira kufa nenzara muinema, iyo Filmography yeSpoktunovsky inoita yakanaka nehafu mazana emazana emazana emazana emazana emazana emazana emazana. Vavengi vasingakanganwike vanoshamisa kwazvo nemafirimu ake vakava "chenjera mota", "Tchaikovsky", iyo yakauya nemutambo wemutambo muSan Sebastian, Hamlet, yakapihwa nomubayiro weLenin. Basa rePetrophry FrRrovich Mu "Mhosva uye Chirango" zvakacherechedzwa neHurumende mubairo weRssr.
Mashoko e "mhizha-inozivikanwa mhizha" kubva kuMolodrama Vladimir Menshov menshov menshov menshov menshov menshover Vatsoropodzi vakaziva kuti chiremera chematsotsi muzana "zvine humwari" neAlexander Abdulov vachave vanobatanidzwa uye vachigutsa vanhu chairo cheMafia.
MuTV kunze kweTV kunze kweTV kunze kwaSalieri ", SSAIRI", Smioktunovsky akazvisarudzira mumutongi ane hunyanzvi, mu "njodzi diki" - atove mumudzidzisi uye mudzidzisi, uyo aifungidzirwa nemhondi yake.
Pamwe, nekuda kwekugona uku kusanganisa zvinyoro uye nehungwaru nekuomarara, uye dzimwe nguva hutsinye hwe smoktunovsky vaivimba nemavara kana imwe chete yekufamba kwemaziso yakamanikidzwa kuyera nehafu-izwi kana, pane zvinopesana, kuti mhanya usina hanya. Kukura kwakakura (184 cm) kwakafungidzirwa zvakare senzira yekuendesa humanesity uye chimiro.
Zvisingakwanisike zvakazoitwa kuti zviitwe nemutovheri weBritain Prime Mutungamiriri muTV muTV Minister "Adventures of Sherlock Holmes naDr. Watson" - Rudzi rwekubatanidza English Plans uye Kupisa Mune Bhodhoro Imwechete.
Uye kuti Emperor Arceinian Ari sei muDhrama "Rus primy", aine spordinates kusvika kurufu, mambo weFrance mu "ngano ye" ngano ye "Gavhuna weIrkutsk mu" nyeredzi yemufaro. "
Muhupenyu hwese hwekugadzira, iyo ensemble ine smoktunovsky yaive iyo inopenya mutambi. Mukutarisa, "kuba" pane kutamba kwaJack London Invhucts kuTandem ne Anastasia Vertinsaya, muAnna neAlice Freindlich, mu "Lady Lady" - naTatiana Vasiyova. Mufirimu Sergey Sergey Gerasimov "Vanasikana-Amai" mutambi akaridza mukadzi waTamara Makava uye baba Larisa Udovichcenko.
Zvirongwa zvazvino zvichiramba zvichikwira mushure mekufa kwaVekokentia Mikhalovich. Semuenzaniso, "waini kubva kuDanelions", apo basa reSpoktunovsky aifanira kunyengedzera neSergey Bezrenkov, sezvo vaisave nenguva yekunyora pasi renzwi renzwi.
Hupenyu Hwako
Nhoroondo dzehupenyu hwevanhu vega vanhu veSoviet Union yakagoverwa pachena mubvunzurudzo. Muwanano yekutanga yeVenhau neanoshanda naye padanho reRoma BOvkov vakagara makore maviri. Zvishoma nezvishoma, runako rwacho rwakatonhorera kune varoorana uye rwakafadzwa nemumwe murume. Smoktunovsky haana kunyudza nguva yakadaro, akarambana nemukadzi wake uye akaenda kuMoscow, kwaakasangana naSutlams Kushnir.
Musikana uyu, achitambanudza ruoko rwebetsero yemutambi asina kugadzikana, akazopedzisira ave shamwari yake yeupenyu.
Vana vatatu vakaberekerwa mune muchato uyu. Senior Nadia akafa mwedzi 6 mushure mekuzvarwa. Mwana wechipiri muna 1957 akava mwanakomana waPhilip. Mwanasikana waMariya akazviratidza pane vakaroora muna 1965. Mikhalantitiyty Mikhalovich Vana vaizoramba vachienderera mberi nedzimba ravo, asi mudiki smoktunovsky aisada Theatre saBaba.
Chokwadi, Mariya, akatamba muBolshoi Theatre, uye akabva atamba mumitambo yemitambo, akakwanisa kuvhenekera muzvikamu zvekupenda "Sukho-Kokinglin", "godo revamwari", "Lady Talor". Firipi akazova mushanduri. Mumatsoka evasekuru, Anastasia, uyo akaberekerwa mumhuri yePhilippani uye Ballerina Olga Buckevich akaenda kumhuri yePhilippani. Musikana anotamba muArmen Dzhigarkhanyan Theatre.
Maererano nemwanasikana wake, Smoktunovsky vakatenda kubva kujaya hwake muna Mwari, nekuunganidza mifananidzo, nekuti nekuvimbika kwaiitirwa kusikwa kweuodio "nyaya dzeBhaibheri". Iyo firimu yemakore gumi nemashanu yakashora pasherufu, saka kutenderera kushoma kwemabhonzo kwakabuda, kubva kune izvo zvakaramba zviripo, uye izvo zvinochengeterwa zvakavanzika zveveruvha. Zvinyorwa zvinowanikwa pane network, uko isina mhaka mikhalovich inoverenga pushkin, cervanes, chekhovov, dostoevsky.
Rufu
Chikonzero chekufa kweSpoktunovsky munaAugust 1994 kwaive kurwiswa kwemoyo. Iyo yapfuura, maererano nenyaya dzevadiwa, mutambi akatambura shure munaKurume. Hazvireve kuti, kuenderera kupfura mupendi "kuchena kwezororo" uye "zvinokwezva zuva". Uyezve, mune varume varume varume varume, Mikhalovich vakaridza vanhu vakuru, vane hupenyu hwava kusvika kumagumo. Kana ndakagumisa, ndakaenda kuSanatorium, uye mushure memazuva mashoma andaida kudzokera kumba. Hama dzakasvika kunotora mutengesi watofa - haana kupona pakurwara kwechina.
Farewell kumutambi anozivikanwa akapfuura munonzi mushure meChkhovic. Vaya vaivepo zvino vakayeuka iyo foto yakaratidza pachikuva: "muchinda Myshkin anotaridzika." Guva raNopeentia Smoktunovsky iri paNovderevichy Cemetery, mumutsara mumwe neOleg Borisov And Ivan Kozlovsky.
Filmography
- 1969 - "Mhosva uye Chirango"
- 1970 - "Sekuru Vanya"
- 1974 - "Anna Nemutungamiriri"
- 1975 - "Nyeredzi yemufaro"
- 1979 - "Moscow haatendi mumisodzi"
- 1982 - "kuba"
- 1985 - "Vana veZuva"
- 1985 - "Inoshamisa Nyaya yaDr Jekkila na Mr. Heyda"
- 1987 - "Midshipmen, mberi!"
- 1990 - "Lady Tailor"
- 1990 - "Musungo Wemunhu Akasurukirwa"
- 1993 - "Mhondi"
- 1994 - "Izororo Ichena"