Biography
Arkady NatHanovich Stugatsky - Ngano uye Classic yeSoviet Ngano. Munyori anozivikanwa zvakanyanya pasi rese. Mabasa ehama dzakatarwa dzakabudiswa munyika makumi matatu neshanu uye dzinoshandurwa mumitauro makumi mana nemashanu. Zvakaoma kunyora zvese zveRussia uye zvekunze zvinyorwa zvekuverenga, zvakaunzwa neArkady NatHanovich uye hama yake muhupenyu. Makumi gumi ekupfuura mavara uye stakegatsky stakes akashungurudzwa, uye muna 1977, iyo Crimecan Astropotical Ongorora yakavhura nyika itsva, iyo yakapihwa zita rekuti Strugatskia.
Arkady NatHanovich Stugatsky akaberekerwa muna Nyamavhuvhu, mumhuri ine hungwaru yaAltana Zalmarich Stugats, uye Alexandra Ivanovna Litvincheva, anokudzwa akadzidzisa chiRussia nemabhuku.
Makirasi ekutanga eArkady Strugatsky akashanya muBatumi, asi apo mukomana akatendeuka ane makore 9, mhuri yakatamira kuLeningrad. Iko muna 1933 uye mutyairi weAready akaberekwa - Boris Strugatsky. Hupenyu husina makore hwemhuri yeti strughatsky yakakanganisa hondo huru yerudo. Mhuri yaive mune yakavharika leningrad.
Pakutanga kwehondo, autady ane makore 17 okutengesa chitambi, ane makore gumi nematanhatu akatora chikamu chezvivakwa zvekudzivirira zveguta rakakomberedzwa, asi rakakurumidza kuenda kunoshanda kufekitori, uko mahedhero akaitwa.
Mushure mekuzivisa kwekubuda kwevhu, siya guta rikavhenganiswa zvakakwanisa chete kumusoro wemhuri nemwanakomana wedangwe: Arkady yakatorwa nababa munzira yehupenyu kuburikidza neLadoga pakutanga chaipo muna 1942. Kubvarura-makore 9-ane makore-okukura kwakakundikana nekuda kwehurwere. Amai vakagara nemwanakomana wavo muguta.
Vakawanda vabereki Arcadia havana kuona: baba vakarwara uye vakafa muVologda. Chishamiso chakarona paachazviramba pachake. Echolon nevapoteri, pakati pavo pakanga paine vechidiki strotchkky, vagere vaGerman. Akapukunyuka zvikamu, pakati pavo uye nomunyori wenguva yemberi.
Muzhizha ra 1942, Arkady Strugatsky akamira mumusha mudiki weTashla pedyo neOrenburg. Gore raakashanda padanho rekutenga zvigadzirwa uye kunyange "Dosos" kumusoro. Achiwana mari munzira, akakwanisa kuchirimo che 1943 kuti atore amai uye mukoma mudiki anobva kunenzara.
MuPeacime, Arkady Strugatsky akagamuchira dzidzo yepamusoro. Pana 18, akapinda muBerichichesky Atillery, akagara kumashure kumashure kweareka. Apedza kudzidza kubva kwaari, akagamuchira kutungamira kuyunivhesiti yemauto, kwavakadzidziswa mumitauro yekune dzimwe nyika. Arkady akapedza kudzidza kubva kuInstitute muna 1949, achigamuchira muturikiri wechiRungu neJapanese.
Pakupera kweYunivhesiti, FATE SAKA ARAWEARY STUGGATSKY STORD. Kusvika 1955, akashanda semushanduri muKamchatka, akadzidzisa chiJapanese nechirungu muchikoro chemauto, ari muguta reKansk. Makore maviri ekuzvarwa - kubva 1952 kusvika 1954 - Akashanda nemushanduri wekududzira muKamchatka, uye muna 1955, Strugatsky akaendeswa kuhondo yeKhabarovsk. Mushure mekudzingwa, Arkady Strugatsky akatamira kuguta guru.
Kunyora Basa
Arkady uyo akakurira mumhuri apo vabereki vaiziva uye vaida mabhuku uye mabhuku, vaigara vachidhonza kumunyori. Njodzi dzine ruzivo nezvinotyisa zvehondo, gomo kubva mukufirwa naBaba dzakaomesa uye dzakazova makiromita akakosha ehupenyu, achikumbira mapeji emabhuku.
Iyo yekugadzira biography yeArkady Strugatsky yakatanga panguva yekugara kwavo muBlocade Leningrad. Ikoko akanyora nyaya yake yekutanga inonzi "Nakhodka mambokadzi major" uye mamwe mashoma mabasa, asi vese vakarasika. Basa rekutanga rakachengetedzwa reArkady Strugatsky inonzi nyaya "kuti Kang yakaurayiwa sei", yakanyorwa muna 1946 uye yakaburitswa muna 2001.
Mushure mekutama kubva kuchamhembe kuenda kuMoscow, Arkady Strugatsky yakagara pane rimwe basa rekugadzirisa muGetlitisdate. Kwenguva yamboshandira muDzegi. Munguva yeSoviet, zvinyorwa zvekutanga zvemunyori vakaoneka muna 1956. Dhebheti inova nyaya yakanyorwa naArkady Nathanavhich panguva yeuto reuto. Inonzi "ash bikini". SeAllady Stragatsky pachake akatenda, iri basa harina kufungidzira kufarira uye kukosha kwekuverenga.
Muna 1964, Arkady Natanhanovich Stugatsky akagamuchira vanyori veUSSR.
Arkady Strugatsky yakava nemukurumbira uye semushanduri. Munyori akaverenga vaSoviet vaverengi, nekuti nekuda kwekutenda kushanduro dzake, ivo vanoverenga mabasa ezvinyorwa zveJapan, Abe Cobo, Notsuma Soseks uye Nema Hososhi.
Hama Strugatsky pasi pePseudonyms of S. Berezhekov, S. Vititin uye S. Pobedin pamwe chete mutauro wechiRungu weAmerican Aizimov azimov, Andre Norton naJohn Wyndem.
Mabhuku eJapan anokatyamadza anopokana kuti Arkady Staughtky akaita mupiro unokosha wekusangana neyekubuda kwezuva, uye akashanduka muRussia neyekare. " Iyi inhoroondo yenhoroondo uye yezvinhu zvipenyu uye zvinoshamisa nezvenyaya yeColonel yeColone Century yezana reXII kubva kuClan Minamo.
Hukuru uye Nyika Yakakurumbira Mabasa eArkady Strugatsky akanyora mukubatana neun'una mudiki. Sezvineiwo, hama dzaisararama pedyo, pavakanyora nyaya nezvirume. Kunyangwe misangano yavo yaisave nguva zhinji: 1-2 nguva pagore. Boris yakagara uye yakashanda muLeningrad, Arkady - muMoscow. Hama dzinosangana kuKomarovo - Imba yekukwira muFinnish Bay. Ikoko vakauya nawo vakakurukura nezvechisiko chinotevera, ndokunyora Stabul yake uye vakananga kumba, kwavakashanda.
Nyika Yenyika
Muna 1952, muKamchatka Arkady Strugatsky vakanyora nyaya yesainzi yesainzi "Humambo hwechina (padanho rekukwanisika)." Basa rakaona chiedza muZimbabwe New: Muna 2001, musangano weStalker akaburitsa nyaya sechikamu chechipangamazano chakaunganidzwa che stuggracky. Maererano nehama yaAarady, Boris Strigatsky, "bhuku rerugwaro urwu rinofarira nhoroondo yerudzi. Saka mumazuva iwayo ivo vakanzwisisa, vakafunga uye vakanyora ngano."
Kubva pakupera kwe50s, boris nearchady staugray yakanyorwa naJoody yakanyora nyaya uye manhamba emhando yezvinhu zvakanaka zveutopi uye anti-astope ngano, iyo inosanganisirwa nenheyo dzegoridhe dzemabhuku epasi rose. Chekutanga chakasikwa chakabatanidzwa chinova novel "ZEZvn", rakabudiswa muna 1958. Muna 1959 pakanga paine nyaya yakakurumbira "nyika yeBaghrov Tuch".
Asi zvinyorwa zvikuru zvinyorwa uye nyaya "zvakaoma kuva Mwari", "Beetle mune anthill", "Vadzidzi" uye "Monety vanotanga Mugovera" - Brotchy hama dzakanyorwa kare. Muna 1968, nyaya yeSatirical yeiyo Strugatsky "Hupfumi Troughika" akasunungurwa, umo kubatana kwakateverwa nenyaya "Muvhuro kunotanga nemugovera."
Pakati pe60s, Arkady Strugatsky mukubatana pamwe nehama yake yakaburitswa mukuunganidzwa kwenyaya "Ellinsky Chakavanzika" chikamu cheSainzi Liction "sungai". Makore maviri gare gare, vaverengi veSoviet vakaona chimwe chikamu chenyaya yacho mujenari baikal. Muzvikure zvizere "pamusoro pechitsiko" chakabudiswa muna 1972 muWest Germany Kuparidza imba "kudyara". Hama Strugatsky rakanzi nyaya nebasa ravo rakakwana uye rakakosha.
Muma 70s, Arkady Nathaanovich Stughtky akasarudza nhengo yedare remabhodhi emabhuku emazano, akadai semagazini anozivikanwa "nyika yeraibhurari yerudzi rwazvino nezivo - simba.
Kubva 1972, ArkAdady Strugatsky yakapa mazera akati wandei uye nyaya dzakasaina pseudonym "S. Yaroslavtsev. " Izvi ndizvo "ruzivo rweNikita VoliSov" uye "Dhiyabhorosi pakati pevanhu."
Muna 1974, iyo nyaya-yetsika yeArkady Strugatsky "Exedition kugehena" yakabudiswa. "Yayo yekutanga zita rinonzwika senge" kudzingirira munzvimbo. " Izvo zvinozivikanwa kuti Arautady staugatsky yakasainwa neyekugadzira pseudonym s. Roslavtsev. Munyaya yakashandurwa muCzech uye mitauro yeBulgaria, zvinhu zvekunyepa zvinyadzo zvinoshandiswa.
Munguva kubva muna 1971 kusvika 1972, hama dzekunyepedzera dzesainzi dzakanyora zita rekuti "Chrome Fate", izvo vavaverengi vakaona mubhuku racho "Nva" muna 1986. Mugore risati rabudiswa, muna 1985, Arkady Strugatsky akasarudzwa neDhitoriti-mu--Service Magazini "Ural Shuwa". Kubva ipapo, bhuku racho rufu rukuru, umo mabasa eSoviet uye ekunze ngano zvadhindwa.
Mukupera kwe80s zvakafanana "Neva" pakanga paine bhuku idzva revanyori "Grad Provey", iro rinonzi imwe yeiyo yehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi hwe strugatsky. Zita racho rakakweretwa kubva papendi yeiyo artist Nikolai Royerich, ichirova Arkady naBoris "nerunako rwake rwakasarudzika uye kubva kuna iye akapfuma." Musoro wekushanda weiyo novel - "New Apocalypse". Zita rechipiri rakazotariswawo - "hama yangu neni", iro rinoratidza autobicia rekutanga rebasa racho.
Hama dzakanyora chinyorwa kwemakore maviri, unopedzisa muna Chivabvu 1972. Asi vaverengi vakaona "yakarongedzwa" muPeestroika Times. Zvitsauko zvekutanga zvakaburitsa magazini "Raduga", ipapo iyo novhi yakatumirwa pamapeji ayo "Neva".
Hama dzakatarwa dzinozivikanwa uye nyaya dzadzo. Muna 1960, inonzi "mitambo mitanhatu" muunganidzwa wenyaya dzakashanduka kuita besterller rakabudiswa. Dzimwe nyaya dzetudzi dzakabuda mushure mekufa. Semuenzaniso, nyaya inosemesa "pfungwa dzakasimba", dzakatsaurirwa kutsoropodzwa kwenhema pakati pezana ramakore rechi20, rakabudiswa muna 2005 mubhuku renhare
Arkady Strugatsky inounganidzwa yehupenyu hwake hwekusika mibairo mizhinji uye mari dzekurima, pakati peiyo Russian uye vatorwa. Nezvakanyorwa zvake, Fictionity yakapihwa mubairo weJul mubairo, Aelita mubairo uye rin'i huru.
Kuzvidzivirira
Hafu yezvirevhimo yakagadzirwa nemajista esainzi anochengetedzwa. Varidzi vekutanga vakaona nyaya "hotera" kubva kumakomo akafa ", yakanyorwa mumhando yeiyo inonakidza donetive muna1970. Munyika dzinotaura Chirungu, nyaya yacho yakauya pasi pezita rekuti "Puzzle Inspector Glebski". Akabvisa mufananidzo weRussia Director Grigior Kromomans. Tete teja of the firimu studio "Tallinfilm" yakaenda pane zvimedu muna 1979. Inotaurira nezvezviitiko zvinoshamisa zvinoitika mukutemwa kubva kune imwe nyika kubva kumakomo Avalanche. Mufananidzo wacho wakabviswa paEstonia uye wakadzokororwa muRussia.
Hupenyu pane iyo bhaisikopo skrini yakagashirwa uye basa re "pikicha padivi pemugwagwa", iro boris neArkady Stragatsky vakanyora mukati mamakumbo makumi manomwe. Iyo firimu yakanzi "Stalker" uye yakaenda pane zvimedu muna 1979. Iyo script yake yakanyorwa nehama strugatsky nedirector Andrei Tarkovsky.
Muna 1982, vafundisi veSoviet vakaona firimu reGore Idzva rinoshamisa "wizards", dzakaita kuti chitendero. Haasi vese vateereri, avo vakaita mufananidzo uyu mune yavo mafirimu emafirimu anofarira, ziva kuti yakavakirwa pabasa rema sainzi Findu "Muvhuro inotanga Mugovera." Chokwadi, kuchinjika kuti vanyori vakatokumbira kubvisa mazita avo kubva kumazita. Nhoroondo yerudo uye yakanaka kwazvo yerudo naAleena naSanina neIvan Pukhovo, vakaparadzanisa huroyi yemutungamiriri weNohin Kira shemkhanskaya, anoudza mufananidzo.
Mumabasa makuru uye epasipiri e "charger", Alexander Abdulov, Alexander Yakovleva, Alexander Yakovleva, Ekaterina ZFTINE, Valery Zofi naMikhail Svetin, vane nyeredzi yemamiriyoni enyeredzi dzeRussia.
Iyo firimu "Eclipse mazuva" naAlexander Sokurov, yakauya kune iyo skrini muna 1988, pamwe ne "wizards", zvichienderana nemabasa etsamba dze struggatsky. Panguva imwecheteyo, iwo mufananidzo wacho wakaoma kufonera nekuchengetedza. Iyo PlayWright yuri Arababov yakanyora mamiriro ezvinhu anoenderana nenyaya yekuti "anopfuura mamirioni makore kusvika pakupera kwenyika", yakanyorwa naArkady staugatsky mukubatana nehama yake nekuchinja izvo zvebasa. Asi sainzi haina kuramba kududzirwa kwenyaya yacho uye kunyange kutora chikamu mukugadzirwa kwegwaro.
Nyaya yakakurumbira yeArcadia uye boris strugatsky "Zvakaoma kuva Mwari" yakadzivirirwa kaviri. Muna 1989, Director weGerman Peter Fleisman, uye muna 2013, Russian Director Alexei Hermann. Iyi ndiyo yekupedzisira tepi yakapfurwa naHerman: Yakaburitswa pazviratidzo, seArkady Stuggutsky, haina kumirira. Mune ino mutambo unonakidza, Leonid yarmolnik, yuri zurilo and yevgeny gerchakov ane nyeredzi.
Muna 1990, mukuru weArkady Sirenko akapa "muyedzo B.". Iyo firimu inozivikanwa kuti iyo script yeiyo yakanyorwa nehama dzakatarwa, uye dziviriro yavo "zvipenga zvishanu zveElixir" yakatorwa sehwaro.
Iyo firimu "zvisina kunaka swans" yakanangidzirwa naKonstantin lopushanny spectators vakaona muna 2006. Uku ndiko kuongororwa kweiyo-zita strugatsky. Mufananidzo wacho wakaratidzwa mumamiriro ezvinhu emakwikwi emakwikwi "Kinotavr", akagamuchira ongororo dzadziya dzevatsoropodzi, asi haana kubuda muhurefu.
Arkady Strugatsky haana kupona kusati kwaitika kune imwe yemabasa anozivikanwa kwazvo - chinyorwa "chinogarwa" chinogarwa chiwi ". Iyo simmental screening - tepi-anti-spectmia - yakaonekwa muna2009, mushure mekufa kweArkady Natanhangich. Filter Birchararching Panzvimbo. Iyo firimu yakabuda mumakamuri maviri, ndakafa nenzara Stepanov, Peter Fedorov naJulia Snigir.
Hupenyu Hwako
Mukadzi wekutanga wemunyori aive naNana Shershava. Vakasangana apo Araurey Nathaakuvich akashanda muKansk. Asi muchato uyu wakazova usina kusimba: Pakati pevhesi-50s, vaviri vacho vakaputsa. Vana vana muNana neArkady havana.
Iyo yechipiri Arkady strugatsky akaroora muna 1955 paElena voznesenskaya (muMajannaya majan). Akatova nemwanasikana kubva kumuchato wekutanga - Natalia. Arkady NatHanovich akasimudza musikana semukodhi.
Mumuchato wechipiri, mwanasikana waMasa akazvarwa. Maria struggatsky akaroora mutemo weEgor Gaidar, muzukuru weMunyori Arkady Petrovich Gaidar Gaidar.
Rufu
Arkady Strugatsky akaziva nezve rufu rwekufa - cancer yemuchina - mune makumi manomwe. Iye munyori akarwira uye akashinga kurwa nechirwere, asi akazvikudza pamakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu ehupenyu.
Nhema dzinozivikanwa dzakafa muna Gumiguru 12, 1991 muMoscow. Mukoma vakapukunyuka makumi maviri. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti chikonzero cherufu rwaBoris chaive chegarani.
Muviri weArkady Strugatsky, paanenge achikwenenzverwa, akaiswa pasi uye akadzingwa kubva kuherikoputa pamusoro peMoscow. Akauyawo namadota ehama. Vanyori vakaratidza iyo chaiyo nzvimbo pamusoro pekuti ndedzipi dzasara dzaive dzakabvaruka: Pulkovo Observatory.
BHAIBHERI
- 1960 - "Nzira yekuAmaltea"
- 1962 - "masikati, Xxii Century"
- 1964 - "Zvakaoma kuva Mwari"
- 1965 - "Muvhuro unotanga nemugovera"
- 1966 - "Sora pane iyo nzvimbo yakatsvedza"
- 1967 - "Varuva Swans"
- 1968 - "Rori Tale"
- 1969 - "Inogarwa Chitsuwa"
- 1970 - "Hotera" kubva kumakomo akafa makomo ""
- 1972 - "Picnic padivi pemugwagwa"
- 1972 - "yakarongedzwa"
- 1974 - "mukomana kubva pasi pevhu"
- 1988 - "zvakaipa, kana makore makumi mana gare gare"
Filmography
- 1979 - "hotera" pamakomo anofa "
- 1979 - "Stalker"
- 1982 - "Wizard"
- 1988 - "Mazuva Eclipse"
- 1989 - "Zvakaoma kuva Mwari"
- 1990 - "Muedzo B."
- 2006 - "NSTY NSAN"
- 2009 - "Inogara Island"
- 2013 - "Zvakaoma kuva Mwari"