Biography
Agatha Christie - Chirungu munyori, prose uye mutambi, Musiki Ermalya poirot uye anotadza marpli. Basa remunyori richiri kutsauka nemamiriyoni ezvinyorwa, mabhuku ake akatanga kuita zvechitatu mukurumbira mushure meBhaibheri nemabasa aShakespeare.
Akakwanisa kuchinja mazano nezve genrective genre uye kuva mumwe wevanyori vakakurumbira munyika.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Agata Cristi akaberekwa musi waSeptember 15, 1890. Guta remunyori wenguva yemberi rakazova Torka (Chirungu County Devon). Pakuzvarwa, musikana akagamuchira zita reAgata Mary Class Miller. Vabereki vegatha vanopfuma vanotama kubva kuUnited States. Pamusoro peAgatha, mumhuri pakanga paine vamwe vana vakawanda - hanzvadzi yakura Margaret Franry naHama Louis Montan. Makore evana, munyori wenguva yemberi akapedzerwa munzvimbo yeEshfield.
Muna 1901, baba Agatha havana kuzova, mhuri yakanga isingachagone "kusununguka", vaifanira kuderedza mari uye kurarama mumamiriro ezvinhu ekuchengetedza zvakanyanya.
Kuenda kuchikoro gwara rechikoro rakanga risina kuda, pakutanga musikana uyu aiita amai, uyezve hutongi. Mumazuva iwayo, vasikana vakagadzirira zvakanyanya hupenyu hwekuroora, kudzidzisa tsika, kushata, kutamba. Dzimba dzaAgatha dzakagamuchira dzidzo yemimhanzi uye, kana zvisiri, kutya kwaizoitika kwaizongodaro kunopa hupenyu hwemimhanzi. Kubva ndichiri mudiki, mwanasikana womwanasikana waMiriler ainyara, akasiyanisa nemukoma wake nehanzvadzi nehunhu hwakadzikama.
Pazera ramakore gumi nematanhatu, Agatu akatumirwa kuParis pension. Ikoko musikana akadzidza pasina kushingairira kwakakosha kune sainzi, aigara achirasikirwa imba. "Kubudirira" kweAgata kwaive kuita maviri gumi nemaviri ekuratidzira mukudzvanywa uye kupera simba pamberi pekonati yechikoro.
Makore maviri, Agatha akadzidza mune imwe Guesthouse, shure kwaakadzokera kumba kune mumwe munhu akasiyana zvachose - kubva kumusikana anonyadzisa. Iyo yemberi mukurumbira yakashanduka kune inokwezva bvudzi nebvudzi refu yebhuruu.
Mukati mehondo yekutanga yenyika yekutanga, munyori weramangwana akashanda muchipatara chemauto, achizadzisa mabasa emukoti. Ipapo musikana akazova muridzi wemishonga, akazobatsira kunyora mukunyora - 83 Munyori wapora anotsanangurwa nemunyori akaitwa nehupfu. Mushure mekuroora, Agata akatora zita rekuti Christie pakati pebasa iri muDhipatimendi reChipatara Yakatanga Kugadzira Inyanzvi.
Iyo inofungidzirwa kuti imwe hanzvadzi yemunhu yemunyori, uyo panguva iyoyo anga atowana kubudirira munda wekunyora, akafungidzirwa kune pfungwa yekugadzira.
Mabhuku
Chekutanga chetoltive novel "Chiitiko Chakavanzika Muchiitiko cheStiles" Agata Christie akagadzirwa kumashure muna 1915. Kubva pane ruzivo rwakawanikwa ruzivo, pamwe nekufambidzana nevapoteri veBelgian, munyori anoratidza mufananidzo wakakosha weiyo Novel - Detective-Belgian Erkusai Poiro Poiro. NOOL yekutanga yakabudiswa muna 1920: Izvi zvisati zvaitika, bhuku rakarambwa muvaparidzi vangangoita kashanu.
Nezve iyo yakakurumbira Detective yakabviswa akateedzana, ayo aidiwa nevateereri pasi rese. Vatungamiriri vacho vanozogara vachidzoka kuBritish Novels, vachigadzira mafirimu pahwaro hweMabhuku pahwaro hwekuti: "Poirot Agatha Christie", "Miss Marple", "kuponda muEast Express".
Kunyanya kuongorora kwakayeukwa zvakatevedzana "Miss Marple". Mukupenya uku, iwo mufananidzo wekupotsa wakareruka zvine mutsindo weBritish Actress Joan Hickson.
Pakazosvika 1926, Chrissie akatanga kuzivikanwa. Mabasa emunyori akadhindwa muhuwandu hukuru mumagazini epasirese. Muna 1927, mune nyaya "manheru ekirabhu clum` tuvawiro Kuzivana kunyatsoziva muverengi nemukadzi wekare uyu anehungwaru akaitika pakuonekwa kweanopokana "kuponda mumba maVicar" (1930). Ipapo mavara akagadzirwa nemunyori aive aripo mumabasa akati wandei akabatana mune dzakateerana. Mhondi uye nyaya yekuferefetwa ichave iyo huru mune inoongororwa munyori weBritish.
Nyowani dzakajeka dzeAgatha dzeAgatha Christie zvinotariswa: "(1957). Pakati pemabasa enguva yekunonoka, nyanzvi dzinopemberera "Rima rehusiku" (1968), "Harloween Party" (1969), "gedhi refungidziro" (1973).
Agatha Chrissie chiitiko chakabudirira chechitambi. Mabasa eBritish akave hwaro hwehuwandu hukuru hwemitambo uye zviitiko. Kuzivikanwa kwakakosha kwakawanikwa ne "mousetrap" uye "uchapupu hwechirevo".
Christri ndehwekodhi pane huwandu hwakanyanya hwezvigadzirwa zvemitambo yezvibodzwa zveimwe basa. Iko kuita "mousetrap" yakatanga kuiswa muna 1952 uye kusvika nhasi inoenderera mberi inoratidzwa pane zvakaitika.
Muzvikamu zvekugadzira zvemunyori, zvinopfuura makumi matanhatu emapuranga zvakanyorwa. Vazhinji vavavo vakaburitsa pasi pezita remurume wekutanga. Asi 6 anoshanda akasaina zita rekuti Fictional - Mary WestMakott. Ipapo munyori asina kungoshandura zita racho chete, asi panguva yacho akasiya geni yekuongorora. Akaburitsawo nhamba inofungidzirwa yenyaya dzakabatana mune 19 kuunganidzwa.
Munyori webasa rake rose rekunyora haatomboita musoro webasa rake remhosva yebonde. Kusiyana nenyaya dzemazuva ano dzekuongorora, hapana zviitiko zvechisimba uye pudhasi dzeropa mune dzidziso dzayo. Munhoroondo iyi, Agat akadzokorora akataura izvozvo, mumaonero ake, zviitiko zvakadaro hazvitenderi kutarisa pane muverengi wepamusoro wepamusoro wenyaya.
Iye munyori pachawo anofunga nezvechiitiko "gumi kutiramwa" nebasa rayo rakanakisa. Iyo prototype yechiitiko chekuita chitsuwa cheBurg muSouth Britain. Zvisinei, nhasi bhuku iri rekuteerera nekururamisa kwezvematongerwo enyika kunotengeswa pasi pezita rimwe - "Uye hapana ave ave."
NOLSS "ISING" uye "Yakakanganwa kuuraya" Chiedza muna 1975 - ivo vakava vekupedzisira munhevedzano pamusoro peErkul Poir uye kusuwa mariri. Asi ivo vakanyorwa kare zvisati zvaitika, kunyange mukati meHondo Yenyika yechipiri, muna 1940. Ipapo akavaisa mune yakachengeteka yekuburitsa paasina kugona kunyora chero chinhu.
Muna 1956, munyori akapihwa kurongeka kweHumambo hweBritain, uye muna 1971, zvekuti awane Christi, zita revakadzi vekadzi vari mumunda mabhuku rakakudzwa. Muridzi wechibairo zvakare akagamuchira zvakare zita rakanaka "DamA", iro rinoshandiswa pamberi pezita risati rataurwa.
Muna 1965, Agata Christie anowedzera autobiography yayo, iyo yaakapedza kudzidza kubva kumashoko anotevera:
"Maita basa, Ishe, nekuda kwehupenyu hwangu hwakanaka uye nerudo rwose rwandakakwaziswa."Hupenyu Hwako
Agatha - Musikana kubva kumhuri yakangwara uye nemukurumbira usingafungidziriki - chikomba chinofanira kuwanikwa nyore. Izvo zvakaenda kuwanano, asi jaya iri rakazova rinonakidza kwazvo. Panguva ino chete, akasangana nezvokutadza uye anoda Archibald Christie. Musikana akanyungudutswa nekubatanidzwa uye muna 1914 akaroora mutyairi-Colonel Archibald.
Gare gare ivo vaive nemwanasikana Rosalind. Agatha nemusoro wake akapinda muhupenyu hwemhuri, asi zvaive zvisiri nyore. Kuti munyori anogara ari mumurume wokutanga aive murume. Kunyangwe chokwadi chekuti akawana zvakanaka, akapedza kupfuura zvakatonyanya. Agatha akanyora zvinyorwa uye akafamba mumwe wake, mwanasikana wake akakwidziridzwa kuna Ambuya Krara naTunt Margaret.
Pasinei nematambudziko anoenderera emari uye akasarudzika emamiriro ezvinhu arimo, Agata aifunga kuti zvese zvaizobuda. Gare gare, payakazoitika kuti Archibaced Christie aive asingakwanisi kuve nemhuri, basa remunyori rakabudiswa munzvimbo yekutanga muhupenyu hwaAgatha.
Imba yakatanga makore gumi nemaviri, ipapo murume akareurura kumunyori muchokwadi kuti imwe nancy Nile aida. Chikwangwani chakatanga pakati pevakaroorana, uye mangwanani agata akanyangarika.
Kunyangarika kusinganzwisisike kwaChristie akaona nyika yese yekunyora, nekuti panguva iyoyo munyori akafarirwa zvakanyanya. Mukadzi wacho akaziviswa kune iyo nyika yakadaidzwa, yaitsvaga kwemazuva gumi nematanhatu, asi ivo vaingowana mota chete, mukabati makawanikwa jasi remurudzi rake rakawanikwa. Zvakazoitika kuti panguva ino yese, Agatha Chrissie aive mune imwe mahotera ari pedyo nedzimwe zita, kwaakapinda maitiro eCosmetic, raibhurari, airidza piyano.
Ruzha rwakawanda runyararo rweAgatha Christie gare gare vakaedza kutsanangura vazhinji vevapambi uye vepfungwa. Mumwe munhu akataura kuti izvi zvinosarudzika amensia kubva kumashure pekushushikana. Pamwe chete nezvokunyangarika, kunze kwekunyengera kwemurume wake, Agatha akamurumbidza rufu rwaamai. Vamwe vakavimbisa kuti izvi zvakadzama kushungurudzika. Paive paine vhezheni uye mhando yemurume wekutsiva - kuti aratidze munharaunda semhondi inokwanisika. Agatha Chrissie akaramba akanyarara nezve hupenyu hwangu hwese. Makore maviri gare gare, ivo vakaroorana vakatyora zviri pamutemo hukama.
Muna 1934, Agata akaburitswa pasi pechiitiko chePseudominominom "chisina kufadzwa", icho chinotsanangura zviitiko zvakafanana nekunyangarika kwaro. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa zvakare musi wa1979 firimu "Agata", umo basa romunyori rakaitwa neanessa dzevha dzevanze.
Kwechipiri, Chrissie akaroora neanochera matongo MaLullden. Musangano uyu wakaitika muIraq, apo Agata akaenda anofamba. Mukadzi uyu aive mukuru pane mukadzi wemakore gumi nemashanu. Gare gare iye airaira kuti mukadzi wezera aive nani kune wekuchera matongo, saka kukosha kwaro kunowedzera. Nemunyori wemurume uyu akararama kwamakore makumi matanhatu namakumi mana.
Rufu
Kutanga kubva muna 1971, hutano hwaAgatha Chrissie akatanga kugonesa, asi akaramba achinyora. Pashure paizvozvo, vashandi veyunivhesiti muToronto, kuongorora nzira yekunyora tsamba dzekupedzisira dzaKRIST, kuisa zano rekuti munyori akatambura nechirwere cheAlzheimer.
Muna 1975, apo Agatha asina kusimba zvizere, akaisa kodzero ye "Mousetrap" anotamba kuna Mateu Matthew Chikamu. Iye zvakare anozvipomera agatha Chrisie ltd nheyo.
Hupenyu hwe "Mambokadzi weVeteki" dzakaputswa muna Ndira 12, 1976. Chrissie akafa kumba, muWallingford (oxfordshire). Aive nemakore makumi masere nemasere ekuzvarwa. Iko kukonzera rufu kwave kuita zvinetso mushure mekutonhora kwekutapurirana. Munyori akavigwa pamakuva eSt Mariya mumusha weKolosi.
Iye oga mwanasikana waKriwie, saamai vake vane mukurumbira, akararama kwamakore masere masere. Vakafa musi waGumiguru 28, 2004 muDevon County.
Muna 2000, imba yaAgatha Chrissie muEstate Greenway yakaendeswa kubhodhi yekuchengetedza zvivakwa zvetsika zvekuvimba kwenyika. Makore masere kune vashanyi chete gadheni uye imba yechikepe yaivepo. Uye muna2009 ivo vakavhura imba iyo ine kuvakwa yakakura kwazvo.
Muna 2008, Matthew Matthew Mumba yekuchengetera yeimba yake akawana Cassette cassette, mune iyo Agata Christie kwemaawa gumi nematanhatu anotaura nezvehupenyu hwake nebasa rake. Nekudaro, murume wacho akataura kuti zvaisazoburitsa zvese zvekushandisa. Maererano naye, mamwe monologue vasekuru vake vane pokushamwaridzana uye pamwe nehunhu hwakashata.
Muna 2015, mafani ezvekugadzira kwemunyori mukuru akapemberera makore gumi nemaviri eAgatha Christaie. MuUK, chiitiko ichi chakawana huwandu hwenyika.
Kunyangwe mushure memakore mazhinji mushure mekufa kwemunyori, mabasa ake anoramba achiburitsa nemamiriyoni emacheya.
BHAIBHERI
- 1920 - "Chiitiko Chisinganzwisisike muSylze"
- 1926 - "Kuuraya Roger ECroyda"
- 1929 - "Vakarozvara Mhosva"
- 1930 - "Mhondi muVicar House"
- 1931- "Cittorford Chakavanzika"
- 1933 - "Rufu rwaIshe rwejeve"
- 1934 - "Mhondi mu" Eastern Express "
- 1936 - "Alphabetray Counings"
- 1937 - "Rufu paNile"
- 1939 - "Trea Gumre"
- 1940 - "Sirst Kiparis"
- 1941 - "zvakaipa pasi pezuva"
- 1942 - "Chitunha muLibhurari"
- 1942 - "Shanu Piglets"
- 1949 - "Dhinda Dominishko"
- 1950 - "Muralder akazivisa"
- 1953- "muhomwe, yakazara rye"
- 1957- "mu 4.50 kubva kuPaddington"
- 1968 - "Commy munwe kamwe chete"
- 1971 - "Nemesis"
- 1975 - "Chidzitiro"
- 1976 - "Kurara Kuramba"
Quotes
Smart Usagumbuka, asi kufungidzira. Zvese zviri mukati merwendo ruchiroto mune fomu rakachena. Iko kuuraya kunogona kuve kwakajairika. Misoro haiwanzo kukanganiswa mazviri Kutonga nezveumwe neumwe. SOBB yakakodzera kumurwisa.Chokwadi chinonakidza
- Muna 1922, Chrissie akaita pasi rese.
- Iye munyori akafemera ambuya vake pamufananidzo wekushayirwa marple.
- KRISTIEL "akauraya" Erclya Poirot, New York Times akaburitsa nzvimbo yeNecrologist. Ichi ndicho chete hunhu hwekunyepedzera hwakakudzwa.