Biography
Ivan Andvenhich krylov akaberekerwa muna Kukadzi 1769 muMoscow, mumhuri yemukuru wemauto. Kuratidza garai uye ushingi panguva yekugona kwePugachev bunt, Andrei krylov haana kugamuchira chero mubairo uye mapoka. Mushure mekuenda pamudyandigere, akapinda mubasa rehurumende ndokutamira nemukadzi wake nevanakomana vaviri muTver. Nzvimbo yemutariri weiyo nguruve haina kuunza zvinowanika mari, mhuri yaigara muhurombo. Mapapiro-mukuru akafira muna 1778 mune chinzvimbo chaKaputeni. Hupenyu hwechirikadzi nevana (mwanakomana mukuru weIvan akazadzikiswa chete makore 9) akava mahono.
Ivan Andvenvich Krylov akange asina mukana wekuwana dzidzo yakanaka. Kubva kuna baba vake, akatora rudo rukuru nekuverenga, akati agamuchira nhaka chete chipfuva nemabhuku. Vadimbiso vekumavirira vanotendera Ivan kuti vapinde izvo zvidzidzo zvemutauro wechiFrench, izvo zvakapihwa kuvana vavo. Saka, Ivan Krylov aive anokurudzirwa kudzidza French.
Remangwana basinista vakatanga kushanda pakutanga uye vaiziva kuoma kwehupenyu muurombo. Mushure mekufa kwaBaba Ivana, vakatora gonlyerist mune yematunhu maneja weTver, uko mapapiro echikuru akashanda kare. Zvemukati zvine mwero zvakabvumidzwa kuti usazofa nenzara. Pashure pemakore mashanu, amai vaIvan Kmanlova, vachibata vana, vakaenda kuSt. Petersburg kuti anetseke nezve pension uye gadziriro yeMwanakomana wedangwe kuti ashande. Saka Ivan Krylov akagamuchira chinzvimbo chitsva nekumisikidza murandawo zvake mukamuri repamutemo.
Mapapiro madiki, asina kugashira chero dzidzo yehurongwa, ichiramba ichishandisa kudzidza. Akaverenga zvakawanda, akadzidza kutora maturusi akasiyana. Pazera ramakore gumi nemashanu, IVANI vakatonyora zvishoma comic operera, vachimhanya vachimuda uye vachidana "kofi husiku." Yaive yake yekutanga, alleit isina kubudirira, asi ichiri kuita mumabhuku. Mutauro wekunyora waive wakapfuma kwazvo, izvo izvo mapapiro anosungirwa kusundira rudo rwavo pakati pevanhu vari nyore pane fairs uye akasiyana mukaka zvinonakidza mukaka. "Kutenda" hurombo, Ivan Andrevich akanyatsoziva hupenyu uye nzungu dzevanhuwo zvavo, izvo mune ramangwana iye aibatsira kwazvo.
Zvisikwa
Kufambisa Ivan Andrevich Krylov kuenda ku St. Petersburg neyekuonekwa neguta reguta revanhu vemukuru wetemberi. Jaya rakatambanudzwa kuratidzwa pakarepo akashanyira mutoro wakazaruka. Ikoko akasangana nevamwe vaimbi uye nguva dzese dzakararama mukuda kwetembere iyi yehunyanzvi. Izvo zvaive zvichitsvaga basa iri pachezveshuwa chitsva cheChapfuma, mapapiro aisada, zvese zvaavo zvese zvakanangidzirwa zvizere kune rumwe rutivi. Naizvozvo, jaya rine makore 18 rakasiya basa uye vakatora mabasa ekuverenga.
Pakutanga iye haana kubudirira. Ivan Krylov akanyora Filomela Dambudziko, kutevedzera Classics. Pakanga paine zvimwe zvigunwe zve tarenda uye frenness of the tent of the test yemunyori, asi maererano nekuverenga "Philomel" Philomel "yaive basa repamusoro. Asi munyori wechidiki aisazomira.
Pakanga paine magungano akati wandei enjodzi. "Mhuri yemhuri", "mapundu", "munyori ari muhope" uye vamwe havanawo kurova vaverengi uye vatsoropodzi nekupa. Asi kukura kwehunyanzvi tichienzanisa ne "Filomela" kuchiri kuchiri kuoneka.
Ngano dzekutanga dzeIvan Andrevich krylov dzakadhindwa pasina siginecha. Vakaoneka mumagazini "Mangwanani tarisa" muna 1788. Mabasa matatu, anonzi "anonyadzisa mutambi", "zvinopera zvevatambi", "Dambudziko rakangwara" rakapetwa "rakanga risingaonekwi nevaverengi uye havana kufarirwa nevatsoropodzi. Vaive neyakawandisa sarcasm, kusakendenga, asi kwete hunyanzvi.
Muna 1789, Ivan Krylov, pamwe chete neRachmanin, anotanga kuburitsa magazini "tsamba yemidzimu". Iye anotsvaga kumutsidzira iyo yakasimba satire iyo Nevikov Magazini akamboratidza kare. Asi bhuku racho harina kubudirira uye mugore rimwe chete rinomira nzira yekubuda. Asi hazvimire krylov. Mushure memakore matatu, inogadzira imwe magazini neboka revanhu vane pfungwa dzakafanana, vachimudaidza kuti "mutadzi". Kwapera gore, chinyorwa cheSt. Petersburg Mercury anooneka. Mune ese editions, zvimwe zvinotevera zvinyorwa zve krylov zvakadhindwa, zvinopenya kuti nyaya inoti "Kaib" uye akashinga kutaura ", achiisa muridzi wevaridzi, akashinga.
Hazvizivikanwe kuti chaive chikonzero chekubva kwechinguva chidiki cheIvan Krylov kubva mumabasa ekuverenga, uye nei akabva ST. Petersburg. Zvichida, kumwe kudzvanywa kwevakuru vakatanga, uye pamwe nekukatyamadza kwekunyora kusundira munyori kuti abve muguta, asi pamberi pa 1806 mapapiro akatapotsa akasiya mupi. Muna 1806, mapapiro anodzokera kumabasa anoshanda ekuverenga.
Anonyora kushandurwa kweine tarenda kweiyo lafontena basen "Oak uye maneinzi", "anotora mwenga" uye "murume mukuru uye vechidiki vatatu." Dudziro neyekunze kurudziro Ivan Dmitria va Prints magazini huru "Moscow spectator". Mune imwechete 1806, Ivan Krylov akadzokera kuSt. Petersburg uye isa "shopu yeFashoni" comedy. Gore rakatevera racho, rimwezve - "vanasikana vevavengi". Sosaiti, maererano nehondo dzeNapoleonic, uyo akasangana nekukwira kwenyaya dzemamiriro ekunze, anosangana nekugadzirwa kukuru nekushingairira kukuru. Kupfuura zvese, French is urecicule.
Muna 1809, iyo chaiyo yekusika inotora Ivan krylova inotanga. Chinyorwa chekutanga cheBaseni yake, chinosanganisira mabasa makumi maviri nematatu (kusanganisira neyekuzivikanwa "nzou" uye pug "), anofarira mukurumbira mukuru. Kubva ipapo, mapapiro ave musanganiswa anozivikanwa, avo mabasa matsva ari kutarisira paruzhinji. Ivan Andrevich anodzokera kubasa revashandi. Pakutanga, achipinda ari kuoneka mumhanyi ari Mint muDhipatimendi, uye pashure 2 years - kuna Imperial Public Library, kwaaishanda kubva 1812 kusvika 1841.
Pakati peino nguva, mapapiro uye akashandurwa mukati medu. Iye zvino ari kukora moyo uye kudzora. Izvo hazvidi kupopotedzana, kudzikama zvakanyanya, zvine musoro uye zvakanyanya uye zvine usimbe. Kubva 1836, Ivan Krylov hapana chaanonyora. Muna 1838, ruzhinji rwevanhu ruzhinji runokudza zuva re50 rekutarisirwa kwebasa rekusika rebasinista. Munyori akafa munaNovember 1844.
Kubva pasi peminhenga yeIvan Andrevich krylova, anopfuura mazana maviri baras akabuda. Mune vamwe, akachema Russial chokwadi, mune vamwe - kuremara kwevanhu, vamwe vanongori nhetembo ecdotes. Vazhinji vataridzi vhezheni nguva nenguva vakapinda pakutaura kwekutaura uye vakafumisa Russian. Ngano dzake vanhu vanhu uye kazhinji vanzwisisika. Ivo vakatungamirwa zvachose, uye kwete chete pane vakadzidza zvakanyanya njere. Munguva yehupenyu hwemunyori, vangangosvika zviuru zvisere zvemakopi ebhavhu rakaburitswa vakaunganidzwa. Panguva iyoyo, chiitiko chisina kumbobvira chamboitika. Kuzivikanwa kweIvan Andrevich krylova kunogona kufananidzwa nehupenyu hwepakungwa kwePushkin neGogol.
Hupenyu Hwako
Nezve kuparadzira, kusava nehanya uye kusinganzwisisike uye kusinganzwisisike kushuwa kweIvan KRYLOV yakaenda ngano uye kwaive neyecdotes. Yakanga iri muMweya wake muMweya wake kuisa cap yehusiku muhomwe yake panzvimbo yeruoko ruoko, ichiburitsa kunze kwekugara kwake munharaunda uye isingakoshese. Ivan and the theyVevere zvisina hanya zvachose nechitarisiko chake. Zvaizoita sekuti munhu akadaro aisakwanisa kushandisa kutariswa kwevakadzi. Zvakangodaro, ruzivo rwezvakararama navo, izvo zvakapokana kuti hupenyu hwaIvan kryolov zvakachengetedzwa, kunyange zvaive zvisiri zvechisimba, asi zvirokwazvo kwaisave kusipo.
Aine 22, aida mwanasikana wemupristi kubva kuBryansk County Anna. Musikana akamupindura. Asi kana vechidiki pavakasarudza kuroora, Annes Annes akapokana nemuchato uyu. Ivo vaive muukama hwepedyo neLeermontov uye, zvakare, zvinoenderana. Naizvozvo, ivo vakaramba kuroora mwanasikana kune murombo murombo. Asi Ana akafamba kuti vabereki vakazobvuma kuroora kuroora Ivan Krylov. Asi mapapiro akapindura kuti haana mari yekuuya kuBryank, akakumbira kuAna kwaari. Vasikana veNative vakagumburwa nemhinduro, uye muchato hauna kuitika.
Vakararama neIvan Krylova vakanyora kuti vakadzi vakakurumbira vaive vasina hanya neanoshamisa uye kupenga-kunge basinow. Zvaifungidzirwa kuti aidiwa naBallerina, uyo aive ari mukati meiyo Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich. Asi basinista yakakanganisa kuti yakanga isina kukodzera kuroora. Vanoti iyo Mashress Maria Fedorovna pachayo yainzwira tsitsi murume anokwezva. Uye izvi ndezvekuti Ivan Andrevich akashinga kuoneka pamberi pake mune booth boot, kubva kwaakange achionamira chigunwe chake, uye kunyange kutsvoda pandakatsvoda ruoko rweMash.
Ivan krylov haana kumboroora. Zviri pamutemo, haana vana. Asi vanhu vakararama venguva yembudziro vakapokana kuti Ivan Andrevich aive achiri kunyorera mukadzi wehurumende. Iwo waive minhenga yake yemusha. Izvo hazvina kugona kuroora mapapiro ayo, sezvo nzanga yaizotongerwa. Zvakangodaro, Fenia akazvara musikana Sasha, ayo anoonekwa semwanasikana wekuwedzera weKrylov. Icho chokwadi chekuti izvi zvingave zvechokwadi, zvinotaura chokwadi chekuti mushure mekufa kweFeniya Sasha vakasara kuzogara paKrylov. Uye mushure mekuroora, mapapiro achifara kuyamwisa vana vake uye akadzokorora zvinhu zvake zvese zvakanangana nemurume wake Alexandra. Munguva yekufa kwaIvan krylov, mubhedha wake wakange ane Sasha, murume wake nevana vaviri.
Basni.
- Dhiragoni uye Ant
- Swan, cancer uye pike
- Crow uye fox
- Mhumhi negwayana.
- Marty uye magirazi
- Quartet
- Nguruve pasi peiyo oak
- Demyanova eha
- Mashitsi uye midzi
- Ramba Uchingori Mwenga