Biography
Vladimir Lenin Mutungamiriri weVashandi vepasi rese, ayo anoonekwa zvakanyanya zvematongerwo enyika munhoroondo yenyika, izvo zvakasika nyika yekutanga Socialist.Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoMucherechedzo wechiRussia wechiRussia wechiCommunist weHurenzi, uyo akaenderera mberi nenyaya yeMarx uye itseva, ayo mabasa akaiswa pachena kwezana ramakore rechi20, sezvo yayo yenhoroondo inosiyaniswa nekukosha kurema kwete kuRussia chete, asi zvakare nyika yose. Mabasa aLenin ane zvese zvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka ongororo, izvo zvisingadziviriri iyo muvambi weUSSR kuti arambe achichinjika kune nhoroondo yenyika.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Ulyanov vladimir Ilich akaberekwa musi waApril 22, 1870 muSymibriirsk Province yeHurumende mumhuri yeiyo Inspector Chikoro cheIlya Nikolavich uye Chikoro mudzidzisi Mary AlexandRovna Ulyanandy. Akava mwana wechitatu wevabereki vake uyo muvana vake akaisa mari yese kuti vashande uye vakazvipira kuAlexander, Ana neVolodya, mushure meizvozvo pakanga paine Dmitry.
Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoMuhudiki, Vladimir Ulyanov aive mukomana ane njere uye akangwara - aive azvinyatsozvidzidzira pazera ramakore mashanu, uye "kufamba kweiyo encyclopedia" kwakafanira kupinda mumugodhi wechiSmbirian. Mumakore echikoro, akazviratidzawo anoshingairira, anoshingairira, ane hunyanzvi uye akachena uye akachena uye akagoverwa kakawanda nemashiti anorumbidzwa. VaLenin vaaidzidza navo vakaudza kuti mutungamiri wenyika yeramangwana revashandi vevashandi vainakidzwa nekuremekedza kukuru nechiremera mukirasi, sezvo hukuru hwake hwepfungwa hwakanzwika mudzidzi wese.
Muna 1887, vladimir ilyich akapedza iyo yekurovedza muviri nemenduru yegoridhe ndokupinda mujurfak yeKazan University. Mugore rimwe chetero, dambudziko rinotyisa ranga riri kuitika mumhuri yeUlyanany - Hungu vaLenin Alexander Kazenili yekutora chikamu mukuronga kuedza paTsar Alexander ILEXANDER III.
Uku kusuwa kwakavhurwa mune ramangwana The USSR kuratidzira mweya neyenjanta renyunivhesiti yaanogadzira mudzidzi eshanduko, iyo yaakadzingwa kubva kuyunivhesiti uye yakatumirwa kune chinongedzo kune Musha mudiki waKukushkino ari muProvince Province.
Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoKubva panguva iyoyo zvichienda mberi, iyo Biography yeVladimir Lenin inoenderera ichisangana neKunorwa Kwaita capitalism uye Autocracy, chinangwa chikuru cheizvozvo ndezve rusununguko rwevashandi kubva pakushungurudzwa uye kudzvinyirira. Mushure mezvirevo, muna 1888, Ulylyanov akadzokera kuKazan, kwaakabva apinda mumwe wematenduru emarxist.
Munguva imwe chete iyoyo, amai vaLenin vakawana vangangoda kusvika zana-mahekita mudunhu rechiBweta uye vakarondedzerwa Vladimir Ilyich kuvabata. Izvi hazvina kumutadzisa kuramba uchingoenderera mberi nekuchengetedza zvinongedzo ne "nyanzvi" revapanduki "vakamubatsira kuwana kugumbura uye kugadzira kufamba kwakarongeka kwesimba repafuma.
Zvekuchinja zviitiko
Muna 1891, Vladimir Lenin akakwanisa kupfuura bvunzo dzekunze kuInternial Saint Petersburg University paFirsty Fittence. Pashure paizvozvo, akashanda semubirivha anobva kuSamara, achireva "kuzvidzivirira kwehurumende" kwematsotsi.Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoMuna 1893, Shanduko yakatamira kuSt. Panguva imwecheteyo, akatanga kugadzira chirongwa chebato rezvemagariro.
Muna 1895, Lenin akafamba rwendo rwekutanga kuenda kuSwitzerland, Germany neFrance, kwaakasangana naGeorge Liebknnecht uye iyo Lafgg munda webasa renyika dzese kufamba.
Pakudzokera kuSt. Petersburg, Vladimir ilich akakwanisa kuunganidza zvese zvekushambadzira marvusu mu "mubatanidzwa wekurwira kusunungurwa kweboka rekushanda", mumusoro weiyo akatanga kugadzirira chirongwa chekupukunyuka. Kune nzira dzinoshanda dzepfungwa dzake, Lenin nevabatsiri vake zvakasungwa, uye mushure megore retirongo, akatumirwa kuShusenkaya musha weElysee Province Province.
Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoMunguva yekutaurwa, akaisa kubatana neyemusangano yeMoscow yeMoscow, Vorersburg, Vorevozh, Nizonezh, Nizonezh Novgirod, uye maguta eRussia akatotsinhana uye akasangana nemunhu. Muna 1900, mutungamiri anogadzira pepanhau rinoshatisa, pasi pechinyorwa chaani kekutanga vakasainwa nePseudonym "Lenin".
Munguva imwe chete iyoyo, anova muridzi weCongress yeVashandi veRussia vashandi veRussia, umo, shure kwaizvozvo, pakanga paine kupatsanurana pane bolhemeks uye maMenshevek. Shanduko yacho yakananga kuBolshevik yakarongeka uye bato rezvematongerwo enyika uye dzakatarisana nekutambudzika kunoshingairira kurwisa menshevism.
Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoMunguva kubva muna 1905 kusvika 1907, Lenin aigara muchirongwa muSwitzerland, kwaakange achigadzirira kumukira kwemhiri. Ikoko, akawana shanduko yekutanga yeRussia, mukukunda kwaaida, sekuregedza nzira yekuchinja kwenzara.
Ipapo Vladimir ilyich zvisiri pamutemo kudzokera kuPetersburg uye akatanga kuita chiito. Akaedza chero mutengo wekukwezva varidzi parutivi rwake, vachimanikidza kumhiriva yemauto kurwisa mauto. Shanduko iyi yakakurudzira vanhu ruoko zvese zvave pedyo uye vanorwisa vashandi vehurumende.
Revolution Revolution
Mushure mekukunda muRussia Russian Revolution, kubatana kwezvese Bolshevik mauto akaitika, uye LenIn, kuongorora zvikanganiso, akatanga kumutsidzira shanduko yekuchinja. Akazogadzira Bolshevik yake yepamutemo, yakaburitsa bepanhau rePravda, mupepeti mukuru wake Joseph Stalin. Panguva iyoyo, Vladimir Ilyich akaramba muAustria, Hondo yaizowanikwa neHondo Yenyika.
Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoKuve mutirongo mukufungidzira kwekusimbisa kuRussia, Lenin kwemakore maviri akagadzirira zviripo nezvehondo kwemakore maviri, uye mushure mekusunungurwa kwacho kuSwitzerland, kwaakaratidza chirevo kuti adzore hondo yevagari vemo.
Muna 1917, Lenin nevamwe vake vaishamwaridzana vakabvumidzwa kusiya Switzerland kuburikidza neGermany kuenda kuRussia, kwaakaronga musangano wakasarudzika. Kutaura kwekutanga kweVladimir Ilyich pamberi pevanhu vasati vatanga kufona ku "shanduko yehukama", iyo yakakonzera kusagutsikana kunyange pakati peBolshevik Circles. Panguva iyoyo, izvo zvazviri zveLenin vakatsigira Joseph Stalin, izvo zvakafungawo kuti hurumende inofanirwa kuve yeBolshevek.
Musi waGumiguru 20, 1917, Lenin akasvika muScholy uye akatanga kutungamira kumutswa, ayo akarongwa nemusoro wePetrograd Council Shumba Trotsky. Vladimir Ilich akada kuita nekukurumidza, zvakanyanyisa uye zvakajeka - kubva ku25 Gumiguru, zviyero zveLenin nezverunyararo rweSurch neSuress yeSoviet, uye Dare yeMakomisheni evanhu akarongwa, ane musoro waive Vladimir Ilyich.
Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoIpapo iyo 124-zuva smolninsky nguva yakateverwa, panguva iyo Lenin akaitisa basa rinoshanda muKremlin. Akasaina chirevo chekusikwa kweuto red rerudo, akagumisa chibvumirano cheRunyararo, uye chakatangawo kuvaka chirongwa chekuumbwa kwenzanga yemagariro. Panguva iyoyo, guta reRussia kubva kuPetrograd rakamiswa kuMoscow, uye masimba makuru kuRussia akava Congress yeVashandi veVashandi, Varwi nevarwi.
Mushure mekuitisa shanduko huru, iyo yaibuda muhondo yenyika uye kuendesa kwevaridzi vevhu kune varimi veSournist Feviet Republic (Rsfser Fourity Humambo (RSFSR), vatongi vevakange vari maCommunist Yakatungamirwa naVladimir Lenin yakaumbwa.
Musoro weRsfr
Nekuuya musimba, Lenin, maererano nevadzidzi vake venhoroondo, vakarairwa kupfura aimbova Emperor Emperor Nicholas II pamwe nemhuri yake, uye muna Chikunguru 1918 akabvumidza Bumbiro reScrittion. Makore maviri gare gare, Lenin akabvisa mutongi mukuru weRussia Admiral Alexander Kolchak, aive anopikisa wake akasimba.Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoMusoro weRssr wobva waita kuti "kutyisa kwetsvuku" mutemo, wakasikwa kusimbisa hurumende itsva mumamiriro ezvinhu ezvakabudirira anti-bolshevik basa. Panguva imwecheteyo, mutemo parufu rwakadzorerwa, izvo zvinogona kuwanikwa chero munhu asina kubvumirana nezvematongerwo enyika.
Mushure meizvozvo, Vladimir Lenin akatanga kukunda chechi yeOrthodox. Kubva panguva iyoyo, vatendi vakava vavengi vakuru vesimba reSoviet. Munguva iyoyo, maKristu akaedza kuchengetedza simba dzvene zvakaiswa pasi pekutambudzwa uye kuurayiwa. Musasa wakasarudzika wakasarudzika zvakare zvakagadzirwa kuti "dzidzo" yevanhu veRussia, uko vanhu vaimbove vakanyanya nzira dzavaidikanwa kuti vashande musarudzo yezita reCommunism. Izvi zvakatungamira kune vanhu vazhinji vakauraya mamirioni avanhu, uye dambudziko rinotyisa.
Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoMhedzisiro yakadaro yakaita kuti mutungamiri adzokere kubva pakurongwa kwake akarongwa uye akagadzira mutemo mutsva wehupfumi, panguva iyo vanhu vari pasi pe "kutariswa" kwevakadhadhi vadzoreredzwa indasitiri, kwakamutsa maindasitiri enyika. Muna 1921, Lenin akamiswa "Communism yemauto", akatsiva mutero wemutero wechikafu, akabvumira kutengeserana kwechikafu, izvo zvakapa huwandu hwakawanda hwehuwandu hwekutsvaga mari yekupona.
Muna 1922, iyo USSR yakagadzirwa pakurudziro yeLenin, mushure meizvokuchinja kwacho kwaifanira kubva pasimba nekuda kwehutano hwakanyanya. Mushure mekurwa kwezvematongerwo enyika kwakashata munyika vachitsvaga simba, Joseph Stalin akava mutungamiri ega weSoviet Union.
Hupenyu Hwako
Vladimir Lenin Hupenyu hwega, sepamari revanyorerwo adziviriro, akafukidzwa muchivande chekurangana naye. Netariro yake yemukadzi yaKripskaya, akasangana muna 1894 panguva yeSangano "Mubatanidzwa wekurwira kusunungurwa kweboka rekushanda".
Akatevera zvakajeka mudiwa uye akatora chikamu mumigove yose yeLenin, icho chaive chikonzero chekureva kwavo kwekutanga. Kuti vasagovane, Lenin naKripskaya vakaroora muchechi - semugove, vakakoka vaparidzi veShushensky, uye mhete dzemuchato yavo zvakavaita kuti vafarire kubva pamhangura pop
Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoChakavanzika chemuchato waLenin naKrupskaya zvakaitika musi waChikunguru 22, 1898 mumusha weShushensky, mushure meizvozvo tariro yakava iyo yechokwadi yehupenyu hweMutungamiriri mukuru, isati yasvika, kunyangwe yakaomarara uye nekukwirisa kwake. Kuva Muongorori chaiye, Krupskaya akasimbisa pfungwa yepfuma negodo, zvakamubvumidza kuti arambe ari mumwe mukadzi waLenin, mune hupenyu hwaive hwakawanda hwevakadzi.
Mubvunzo "Lenin ane vana?" zvichiri kuita kufarira pasi rese. Pane dzidziso dzinoverengeka dzezvakaitika pamusoro pevatungamiriri vemutungamiriri weVamwe veCommunist - Oga hunovimbisa kuti Lenin aive asina kukwana, uye vamwe vanomuti baba vakuru vavana vevana vari zvisiri pamutemo. Panguva imwe chete, zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvinopokana kuti Vladimir Ilyich aive nemwanakomana Alexander anobva kuAlexander Agineya Armsza Agand, ane bhuku racho randichamhembe ratanga rakatora anenge makore mashanu.
Rufu
Kufa kwaVladimir Lenin kwakauya muna Ndira 21, 1924 muEstate Gorki Province Province. Sekureva kwedata repamutemo, mutungamiri weBolshevek akafa kubva kuna Atheroslosisis yakakonzerwa nekudzvinyirira kwakasimba kubasa. Mazuva maviri mushure mekufa, muviri waLenin wakaendeswa kuMoscow ndokuiswa muhoro yekoloni yeimba yemubatanidzwa, kupi kwemazuva mashanu marefu akaitwa nemuvambi weUSSR.
Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoMusi waLanuary 27, 1924, muviri waLenin wakanangana uye wakaiswa mune mausolierium zvakavanzika izvi, akaiswa pane iyo tsvuku yeguta. Mhedzisiro yekusikwa kwekusikwa kweLeninsky kwakakodzera mutsivi wake Joseph Stalin, aida kuita Vladimir Ilyich "mwari" mumaziso evanhu.
Mushure mekudonha kweUSSR, nyaya yekudzvanywa lenin yaidzokororwazve kusimuka muHurumende Duma. Chokwadi, akaramba ari padanho rekukurukurirana kumashure muna 2000, apo Vladimir Putin uyo akauya kuzosimba panguva yake yekutanga yemutungamiri akaisa pfungwa mune iyi nyaya. Akataura kuti haana kuona zvido zvehuwandu hukuru hwehuwandu hwekudzoreredza muviri wemutungamiriri wenyika, uye kusvikira zvaonekwa, iyi musoro wacho haungataridzirwe muRussia yemazuva ano.