Biography
Sergey Dovlatov - Soviet uye American munyori uye mutori venhau vainzi vanorambidzwa muSoviet Union. Asi nhasi, pakarepo, mabasa mana emunyori anouya mumabhuku zana akakurudzirwa neushumiri hwe dzidzo yeRussia yekuzvimiririra kuverenga. Dovlatov inoonekwa seanonyanya kuwanda Soviet munyori wehafu yechipiri yezana re xx, uye mabasa ayo akasanganiswa nematambudziko.
Sergey akaberekerwa muUFA mumhuri yemitambo. Baba Metatch Metchka yaive Director Director, Amai Nora Renivo vakatamba pachikuva, uye nezera rakava munhu akaringana mumuparidzi. Kune vabereki vemunyori wenguva yemberi, guta guru reBashkiria ranga risiri yekumusha: Mhuri iyi yakadzingwa ipapo nekutanga kwehondo. Mushure memakore matatu, vabereki vakadzokera kuLeningrad, pakasvika huchizvarwa uye hujaya hweDovlatatov akapfuura. Pasina nguva Donat naNoora vakapererwa.
Seraja kubva paudiki hwakanzwika mukomana mukomana. Toampat iyo sayenzi dzevanhu. Muna 1952, mavhesi emukomana ane makore gumi nerimwe aive akatanga kudhindwa muLeninist Spark Pepanhau. Maererano nemunyori, akapedzera zvirevo zvitatu kumhuka, uye chechina - Joseph Stalin. Mumakore oda vehudiki, vaitoda basa raErnest Hemingway.
Mushure mekuchikoro, Sergey akapinda muyunivhesiti yemunharaunda kuFaculy yePhilology, kuparadzaniswa kweFinnish. MuYunivhesiti iyi, jaya racho rakapfuura makore maviri nehafu, mushure maro zvaakabviswa. Mumakore evadzidzi, shamwari veEvny Raine, Anotoly Niman, Joseph Brodsky akazova shamwari dzemunyori wenguva yemberi.
Mudzidzi akafumurwa akabva anyore muchiuto. Jaya iri rekuparadzira rakawira mumauto ekudzivirirwa kwemisasa yechikuru chebasa kuchamhembe kweKomi Asr. Inoonekwa yakaitwa fungidziro isinganzwisisike pamurume wechidiki uye yakazosimbisa kusava nemhosva yemunyori.
Mushure mekushandira makore apfuura, tomangevatov zvakare anova mudzidzi weYunivhesiti yeLeningrad, panguva ino achisarudza chimiro chenhau.
Pepanhau rekutanga remuthumo wechidiki aive St. Petersburg "kune mapfuti echirungu." Zvakaitika munyori zvakanyorerwa mukutaura nevechidiki vatorwa navo kubva kuVabudirira Boka "vagari" apo V.E EFIMOV, B. VAKHTIN. Munzvimbo yemushandi webasa remunhu wega akashanda pasi poutungamiriri hweMunyori weSoviet wekutenda panova.
Pakupera kwe60s, Devlatov akange achiri kutsvaga nzira yake, saka akabvuma kukokwa kweanozivana uye akazova mushandi wekubatana kwehunyanzvi hwekufananidzira. Sergey Dovlatov akasimbisa hunyanzvi hweKamneszes, ayo akabvumira munyori kuti awane zvakanaka.
Ipapo Sergey akaenda kuBaltic States uye akashanda muBaltitia anoti "Soviet Estonia", "Sailor aEstonia" uye "manheru Tallinn". Chokwadi, zvakakodzera kucherechedza kuti nekuda kweSergey Kunyoresa Sergey yakashanda kwemwedzi yakati wandei kupfekwa. In Mikhailovsky (PSKOV Dunhu), tomptov akabatanidza maviri ekuona zhizha mwaka. Mumuseum-reserve Alexander Pushkin, Sergey doniatovich akashanda segwara.
Gare gare, murume akadzokera kuNative yake leningrarrad uye muna 1976 kwehafu yegore anobatana pamwe neyenzizi yevechidiki magazini "pfupa". Mukati-70s, mukurumbira weEditions evana akatambanudzwa kure nemipimo yeguta rekuchamhembe. Chief edem svyatoslav Farvrov Fader Vanyori, Viktor Golowkina, Yuri Kavalsi, pamwe nevakuru ve "vazhinji" pakati pavo Vanoenda, Buzvarwa. " Sergey Dovlatov akadhindisa nyaya imwe chete mu "moto", uye zvakafarira basa iri rechiedza.
Pakupera kwemakumi manomwe, nyaya dzakawanda uye nyaya dzakatounganidza kubva kuTyttov, iyo yakadhindwa kunze kwenyika munzvimbo dzinoenda. Pakasvika chokwadi ichi, iyo KGB rakatanga. Ndakawana chikonzero chekudyara munyori mune inokosha anogamuchira - yechidiki hooliganism. Mushure meizvozvo, muna 1978, Sergey aifanira kuenda kuUnited States.
MuNew York, mutori wenhau akazova mupepeti-mupepanhau reNew American: New American ", aishanda pamusangano weredhiyo, uye akaramba achinyora mabasa ake. Amailand nyowani iyi yakapa munyori nepfuma, uye mukurumbira, uye kusvika pamazuva anonakidza eDvlatov, asi kusvika pamazuva ekupedzisira vasati vadonha, uye, kazhinji, vangangodaro, vakadzokera kumba.
Mabhuku
Kunyora Prose Sergey Dovlatatov yakatanga muuto. Asi magazini nemapepanhau akaramba zvakanyorwa zvoMunyori, saka munyori aifanira kudhindwa mu "Samizdat", pamwe nemagazini ekudenga "enyika", "nguva uye isu" uye vamwe.
Tsika yakafanana muUSSR, yekuisa zvinyoro-nyoro, haina kugamuchirwa. Dovlatov akabatanidzwa kubva mubatanidzwa wevatapi venhau, ndiko kuti, iyo Dovlatov haina kukwanisa kushanda mune yakakosha mumabhuku, uye iyo yekutanga mabhuku "mashanu ekushambadzira imba" esty Raamat "akaparadzwa zvachose pakukumbira kweKGB. Kwenguva yakareba yekugadzira biography, Sergey Dovlatov haina kugona kuitwa semunyori.
Asi apo Sergey doneatovich akaenda kuAmerican, kune ngano dzemunyori kuti idzinze rimwe nerimwe. Muna 1977, ARDIS yakaburitsa chinyorwa che "bhuku risingaoneki" remunyori "" munyori muRussia. BHUKU rekutanga kutama rakamanikidzwa Sergey Dovlatov kubata mweya uye kuzvitenda. Kutenda kumagazini ekukurudzira kukuru nePublic Ongororo uye iyo New Yorker, Dovlatov yakawana kuzivikanwa kukuru kwevaverengi. Naizvozvo, bhuku rakatanga uye mabhuku azere-akareba.
Basa rekutanga nezve hupenyu muAmerican, rakanyorwa uye rakaburitswa kunze kwenyika, yaive nyaya "yatorwa". Kutaura kwebhuku nezvehupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwekutama kweRussia kwechitatu wave. Heroline huru yeMarusya Tatarovich, pasina kuoneka, zvikonzero zvinokundwa kune iyo maitiro enguva uye yakasiya iyo USSR yedanho rakanakisa muNew York. Munzvimbo itsva, mukadzi anotanga kusangana neLatin American Rafael, hupenyu hwemagamba rinopfuurirawo zvisina zvazvinoreva uye zvisina musoro, sekurarama kwake.
Tasses, zvinyorwa uye zvekuunganidza zvechisimba "Sutu", "Sutu", "Kubvumirana", "Solo On Underwood: Zvicherechedzwa Zvinyorwa" uye "Zone: Zvinyorwa zveWarbar" zvaive zvakakurumbira.
Kwemakore gumi nemaviri ekukwirisa kubva munyori wemunyori, vakabudirira, avo vakabudirira muUnited States, uye vaverengi veRussia vakajairana nemabasa aya "munyori kubva kuMicrophone" paradio "Rusununguko" .
Hupenyu Hwako
Runyerekupe runoparadzira kuti Sergey Dovlatov yaive yatove mazana mashoma mitezo. Kutaura zvazviri, munhu uyu muhupenyu hwake akazvidzora uye nekuomerwa akaenda kuonana, kunyanya nevakadzi. Muhupenyu hwemunyori pakanga paine vakadzi vaviri vemumiriri uye mumwe wevanhu. Hapana kana ezviroto zvinozivikanwa anoziva nezvevadiwa, uye vakadzi ava vanogona kuzivikanwa nechikamu chekunyepedzera kwekunyepedzera, kunyanya sezvo pasina kusimbiswa mumhando yemapikicha asiya kana mumunyori wezvomunyori.
Nemumwe wekutanga asia pekurovskaya Sergey akararama makore masere. Vechidiki vakasangana mumudzidzi uye vakangoita pfungwa huru yerudo asi gare gare mumwe mukadzi wechidiki aifarira kuve shamwari yakakurumbira nemunyori Vasillenv. Wakatoita mushure mekurambana kuti Angeya aive nepamuviri.
Nguva yekuparadzanisa yakaitika nechisimba. Sergey Dovlatov akarwa nenhau uye akatyisidzira ace mukukurukurirana pachako kuti kuzviuraya. Musikana akaramba akanyaradza. Ipapo mumwe wako anovavarira kumusikana pfuti. Mushure mekupfura, uko kwakaenda padivi, ace akakwanisa kutiza kubva mufurati reSergey. Pasina nguva mukadzi uyo akabereka mwanasikana waMariya, asi iye haachawona neGapitiasi Aimia. Iye zvino Maria pekurovskaya anogara muUnited States uye akabata post yeMutungamiriri weVicting of the department of the Unhambadziro mifananidzo.
Ipapo Elena Ritman, mukadzi ane hunhu chaihwo hwemurume airatidzika muhupenyu hwechirevo. Mukadzi uyu anokonzera mukadzi uyu. Sergey naElena vakaroora nekukurumidza mushure mekudzoka kwejaya, rakararama makore akati wandei, asi ipapo manzwiro akasimba. RHYTHMMAN akawana mukana wekutamira, akagadzira kurambana uye, nekutora mwanasikana wechipiri weDelatov, Catherine, akatamira kuUnited States.
Zvekare, iyo yakasara imwe sergeovich yakauya naTamara Zibhunva, vakabereka munyori mumwe mukunda Alexander. Asi hukama uhu hwave hwakareba. Muna 1978, kutyisidzirwa kwekusungwa kwemunyori, uye Sergey akaenda mushure meElena rwiyo muNew York, kwaakaroorwa nemukadzi wekare.
Mwanakomana wedangwe waDelatov akaberekerwa mumhuri, ayo ainzi Nicholas Nicholas Dully. Elena aive nesimba rakashata pabasa remurume wake. Mumwe mukadzi akagadziridza munyori wekunyora, akamanikidzwa kunyora zvishoma zvakabudirira zvidimbu, uye chete rwiyo-rwiyo rwekutanga rwakakwidza mabhuku emumwe mukadzi wewakaroora.
Rufu
Sergey Dovlatov achiri muSoviet Union akashusha doro, iyo yeBohemia yainzi yakajairika. MuAmerica, munyori anoona zvakaderera, asi zvanga zvichiri kusarongeka padoro. Panguva imwecheteyo, nachiremba wese akaongorora chikotarisiko, munyori akanaka, hutano hwakanaka.
Vaya vasingatarisirwi vakava rufu kamwe kamwe, iyo yakabata Sergey Dendaatovich musi waAugust 24, 1990. Izvi zvakaitika muNew York, uye zvakakonzera kufa kwerufu zvinoonekwa sekanganiso yemari. Dovlatov akavigwa muguta rimwe chete, muGomo reGomo reGomo reHebroni muQueens nzvimbo.
BHAIBHERI
- 1977 - "Bhuku risingaonekwe"
- 1980 - "Solo pa Underwood: Zvicherechedzwa"
- 1981 - "Kubvumirana"
- 1982 - "Zone: Zvinyorwa zveWorden"
- 1983 - "Reserve"
- 1983 - "Marsh Alonely"
- 1985 - "Djersh Vanofarira"
- 1986 - "Sutu"
- 1987 - "Mharidzo"
- 1990 - "Bazi"
Quotes
- "Munhu akanaka ndiye anoita zvakaipa pasina mafaro"
- "Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga nezvematambudziko asina kugadzikana, mhinduro iyo yavachainunura."
- "Ndinofunga kuti rudo harusi urombo. Kune chete - hongu kana kwete "
- "Munhu murume ndewekuti ... zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu emamiriro ezvinhu"