Biography
Ngano yeSoviet pop, iye anoita renziyo dzepachokwadi, Russian chanson, uyo akapa nyika kuzorova, mutambi ane tarenda. Izvi ndizvo zvese nezvake, Marke Bernes. Nziyo dzake inodziya moyo kuvarwi muhondo, akapa simba rekukunda nekuvaka.
Mark Naumvich Neuman, kuti iyi ndiyo nzira iyo zita chairo remuimbi uye nyemba, dzakazvarwa muUnited States Ukraine non-chando cheMutunhu weChirini Vabereki vake - maJuda Num Samolovich naFan Filippovna Neumanana - havana maitiro akananga kune art, asi nziyo dziri mumba mavo dzinogara dzichiridzwa. Musoro wemhuri wakashanda muThe Nzinskaya Artel, iyo yaiita mubhadharo wezvisinganzwisisike, uye Amai vaive muchengeti wemoyo wemumba.
Kana iyo mhando ikavhura makore mashanu, mhuri iyi yakatamira kuKharkov. Pano mukomana akaenda kuchikoro chemakore manomwe. Kufarira kuraswa kwakamuka mariri mangwanani. Uye mumakirasi echikoro chesekondari, kufarira uku kwakaitwa mukuda kwekuenda pane iyo yemitambo chiitiko. Maka Neumanov akaenda kuKharkov Theatre maitiro. Panguva imwecheteyo, murume uyu akaonekwa mu "Mussuri" Theatre "theatre. Iyo mhando yakakwezva chiitiko ichi nesimba rinoshamisa. Akatyisidzira kutora mitezo yake.
Nenguva isipi mukomana aive nerombo rakanaka: Iyo nyaya yakatendeukira kutsiva mutambi ane chirwere. Neuman, uyo akatora nzvimbo dzekusika pseudominminm, "akaradzikwa" pakurumbidzwa kwekurumbidzwa kwebenzi pamakomputa emudyire Nikolai Sinlnikov akakudzwa. Kubva zvino zvichienda mberi, akavimba zvidiki zvidiki.
Muna 1929, Mako Bernes pavakasvitswa 17, akaenda kuguta guru. Pano, hupenyu chaihwo hwetsika hwaive hwaenda. Kuvhenekera marara emakumi ematare. Muongorori wechidiki anogamuchirwa mune diki uye yakakura theatre panguva imwe chete. Zvekare, Bernes aifanira kutanga na "zero": Akatorwa nemutambi. Asi akafara zvakanyanya nezvazvo.
Mukutanga kwa1930, Mako akatanga kuvimba nemabasa madiki madiki. Mupi wake uye mudzidzisi aive muongorori anozivikanwa Nicholas Radin.
Mafirimu uye nziyo
Iyo cinematic biography yemako Bernes yakatanga pakati-1930s. Episode akashandurwa nematare ehurongwa hwechipiri, ipapo mifananidzo yakakosha yakateverwa. "Munhu ane pfuti", "hupenyu hukuru", "varwi" ava vakanaka - aya mafirimu emafirimu ekare anorangarira vateereri vechizvarwa chekare. Bernesse mutambo wakasiyaniswa nenzira yakasarudzika uye "kunyora." Nyoro nyoro uye kupisa kwemweya "tsinde" mune rimwe nerimwe basa remuimbi. Akakurumidza kudiwa nemaonero.
Kubwinya kune uyu mutambi akauya pamwe nemabasa ake mumauto. Iyo firimu "varwi vaviri" vhura chete muimbi chete, asiwo mutambi ane tarenda enziyo dzechokwadi dzevateereri. Pakanga pasina chirevo chakatanhamara pano, asi chakatsiva kujaira kwekuurayiwa. Rwiyo "husiku hwasviba" pakarepo razove rakarohwa, kunyangwe panguva iyoyo zvaive zvisingaite "mukuenda" kududzirwa "kwakadaro. Iyi ndiyo yekutanga svetai bernes yekuumbwa, iyo nhasi inogara munzvimbo inokudzwa mune iyo piggy bank yenguva dzeSoviet. "Husiku hwakasviba" hwakakamura hupenyu hwemako eChirungu "kuna" uye "mushure me".
Rwiyo rwacho muchimiro cheKanson "Shandands, Full Kefali" akasimbisa nyeredzi yemuchadenga yemuchero muchimiro che "husiku hwasviba". Zvino kanenge firimu rega rega umo muimbi akaoneka, rwiyo rutsva rwakanyorwa mukuita kwake. Mumufananidzo "Vanorwisa" Bernes Sang Hit "Favorite Guta", mune yechipiri yefirimu "hupenyu hukuru" hwakapa vanyori "kwemakore matatu, ndakarota", uye mune "murume ane pfuti "Vateveri vevateereri vakatanga kunzwa" makore guta akasimuka. " Iyi mikoko yakazogara ichitenderera paredhiyo. Ivo vakabatanidzwa mune zvese konsati.
Maka Bernes ndeye 35 pendi. Anonyanya kufarirwa
Mushure mekuburitswa kwependi rainzi pendi, rutivi rwunzwi rwebhereni rwakabudiswa pamberi. Iye zvino nziyo nyowani dzakaonekwa pasina kubatana nemafirimu. Vanyori vaishuvira kushanda nemuimbi anozivikanwa, vakamira kwaari nenziyo dzavo. Maka Bernes ainzi wechiTalisman: Pashure pokunge pfumo, nyanzvi uye vanyori vezvinyorwa zvakange zvashandurwa munzvimbo.
Ichokwadi, mushure mekufambidzana kwepedyo, vadefa-sonewrites uye vanonyatsonzwisisa kuti nei ngano dzifambe nezvematanho akaipa. Akadana nyore kuti usiku kana mangwanani, achida kurira nhetembo dzinonamira. Semutemo, vanyori vakazvipira pasi pekumanikidzwa kwake. Nyaya imwecheteyo ine ma comme: Mark Naumvich kuti achinje zvimwe mapoinzi mune rwiyo, achiimba sarudzo yayo. Panguva imwe chete, Bernes aive asiri dzidzo, uye akadana "caulk".
Zvimwe zvinodiwa zvakadai zvemuimbi akasarudzika zvakagumbuka kwazvo. Asi nekufamba kwenguva, zvakava pachena kuti yaive mumhando yeBernes yerisheni yakagamuchira mukana wekuchinja kuva ruzha rwakaimba nyika yese.
Muna 1940-50, Mark Naumvich - Nyeredzi chaiyo. Bernessa Adred vanhuwo uye hutungamiri hweDare repakati. Nziyo "Muscovites", "kana vakomana vakatenderera pasi rese", "ndinokuda, hupenyu" hwakachekwa nyika yose. Mazita, Mibayiro uye Honors akazunza mhizha. Asi zvaisave nguva dzose zvakadaro.
Muchirimo cha1958, Mako Bernes vakatora chikamu mukongiri, iyo yaipindwa naNikita Khrushchev aine mukwasha wake Aleksey ajube. Kubuda kweVamirisi vechiArts kwakadzorwa: Mavara maviri chete akabvumidzwa kuimba. Asi Bheji paakaita nziyo dzake, vateereri vakasarudza kusarega muimbi uye akabvunza kuimba pabhis. Maka Naumvich akaenda kune chiitiko ichi, akakotamisa ndokuenda. Nekudaro, kuti uzadzikiswe nerwiyo rwekuwedzera, zvaidikanwa nemvumo yehutungamiri, uye yakanga ichitya kutya. Artist haana kumbofunga kubata uye asisiri kubuda.
Ajubey akakurudzira kuti Bernes "inonzi" Izvo Akaudza Muedzo Wekumusoro -Musoro. Khrushchev akapa Otmashki, uye munguva pfupi iri kuuya mhando yeNaumvich akatanga kurova. Yakavhurwa panguva imwechete yepepanhau mbiri dzepakati. Kurwiswa zvachose, kutuka kusarongeka mumutengo uye kurwiswa kwechirwere chenyeredzi kwakakonzera kuramba maune mufirimu mumabhaisikopo. Runhare rwemhizha kwenguva yakareba, vamwe vatinoshanda navo vakatendeuka. Hapana akakoka makomisheni.
Dambudziko harizoendi ndega. Kutambudzwa uye kurambidzwa pabasa kwaisave kwakanyanya kutyisa mune izvi zvinorema kune mucherechedzo wekodhi. Mukadzi akafa nekenza, achisiya murume wake aine mwanasikana mudiki mumaoko. Muimbi kubva pane zvese zvine ruzivo nezvechanzwisisike zvaitika.
Neraki, tambo yerima yakapera muma1960s. Kujaira kumamirioni evo yePfungwa yerudzi kubva mumaradio. Uye muDirector Director Palvel Stard Kurambidza kusiri kukurukurira kupfura kweBernes uye vakamukoka kumufananidzo wake "chestova dozin". Mumakore akazotevera, muimbi akakwanisa kusarondedzerwa kushanyira kwete muUSSR chete, asiwo kunze kwenyika, kwaakakwaziswa senyeredzi chaiyo nemudiwa.
Hupenyu Hwako
Mutambi muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva aive munhu anozvininipisa, ane tsika dzakanaka uye murume anoshamisa wemhuri. Hupenyu hwega Maka Maka Bernes ndeye michato miviri michero. Wodya wekutanga wePolina (kana Paola) Linetskaya akafa nechirwere chechechi, apo vanasikana vaNatasha pavakashanduka chete makore matatu chete.
Ndiine mukadzi wechipiri, Lily weBodrovka Bernes akasangana paakatungamira Natasha muGiredhi 1. Lily akatungamirawo kuenda kuchikoro chomwanakomana jean. Panguva iyoyo, iye akaroora ne photoconductor "Pari-mechi" lucien asi. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti aive murume wake uye aive navo.
Maka Naumvich aive mukuru pane lily kwemakore 17. Asi ivo vaive vasiri zvachose kunyara nemusiyano uyu muzera. Mukadzi paakataura kuti anosiya Lucien kune Berse, vanhu vashoma vaitenda. Kupfuura zvese, murume wake akawana zvakawanda, ivo vaive nefutari remafuro, iyo chete chevrolet muMoscow. Chokwadi, guta rose guru raiziva kuti Lucien aive achiri kutamba uye aida vakadzi zvakanyanya. Asi kana vamwe vakadzi vanogona kuzvishingisa nazvo, ipapo Bodrov aisazvida. Mwedzi mitatu mushure mekufambidzana, lily akatamira kune iyo mhando. Munguva pfupi vakaroora. Akatora Jean ndokuona mwanakomana wake wekuzvarwa.
Bernes aida mukadzi wake zvakanyanya zvekuti iye haana kumutendera kubva kuminiti. Vakafamba vakatarisana neshanzo, vakapfuudza mambokadzi wake. Chete kamwechete mark Naumvich aifanira kuenda kushanya muPoland pasina mukadzi. Ainge asina kugadzirira pasipoti. Asi panguva iyoyo aive akaoma kwazvo aifanira kufonera lil muWarsaw. Akadanwa kubva kumumiriri, uye zvinyorwa zvakaunzwa kumba.
Mwanasikana waNatalia akapedza kudzidza kubva kuMoscow State University uye akatamira kuAmerica. Jean akaramba ari kuMoscow. Akapedza kudzidza kubva kune webasa rebasa reVGika.
Rufu
Zvaiita sekunge hupenyu hwaive nani. Bernes yaive yakazara nehurongwa hwekugadzira. Asi rimwe zuva mushure memakonzati, akangoerekana atadza. Shure kwezviitiko, muimbi akarasikirwa nekuziva. Muchipatara akawanikwa aine cancer yemapapu.
Nguva pfupi yekufa kwaMark Bernes yakanyora imwe yenziyo dzake dzakanakisa - "cranes". Nyaya yechitarisiko chake yakakodzera kutarisisa. Rasul Gamzatov akanyora rwiyo urwu nekushanyira Gordy Djigitam, uyo mushure mekufa tendeuka kuita shiri. Asi mark Naumvich akamuita kuti vimbise kuti achinje nhetembo. Saka pakanga paine rwiyo -chichichema nemauto akaurayiwa pamahwendefa.
Maka Naumvich Bernes haana kukura muna Nyamavhuvhu 16, 1969. Pamariro yevaimbi, pakanga pasina kutaura kana kuchema kwekuchema nekuda kwekukumbira kwake kwekupedzisira. Akazvituma iye amene. Pamurangaridzo, pandakabvunza muimbi, 4 nziyo dzake dzaanofarira dzinonzwika kuti: "Ndinokuda, hupenyu"
Ndakaviga muimbi kuNovderevichy Cemetery, uye ndakanga ndisina nguva yekupa zita revanhu muimbi wevanhu veUSSR. Kunyangwe kumamirioni evamiriri, uye kare kare vaive vanhu.
Rufu rwaBernes rwakava nekurova kwakaipa kumukadzi wake. Maka Naumvich anga asiri, lily akasara ega aine makore maviri ane makore gumi nematanhatu. Nezve chero hupenyu hwekutaura pachako hauna kuenda. Uye kunyangwe vana vacho apo vana vakakura uye vakasika mhuri yavo, mukadzi akaramba ari oga.
Natalia akaramba ari kuAmerica, haana kutaura naLilia. Muna Gumiguru 1997, Jean akatanga kumhan'ara mai vake nekuda kwefurati Mako Nauumvich. Panguva ino, Bernes yakarongedzwa nemuseum munzvimbo munzvimbo, izvo zvandakawana zvakanyatsoda. Uye Lily haana kukodzera kuti Mwanakomana wake akararama sei - akachinja vakadzi mumwe nemumwe mushure meimwe. Mushure meizvozvo, amai nemwanakomana vakarega kutaurirana.
Lily Bodrov akafa muna Nyamavhuvhu 2006. Izvo zvakazoitika kuti nguva pfupi asati afa, mukadzi akatengesa imba yemakamuri maviri mukamuri reMoscow aine imwe dmy Pashkov kwemioni yemamiriyoni 723 nzombe dzuru. Miladi Mikhailovna akaita izvi kune chinangwa chekuti murume uyu amutarisire uye precast yake kusurukirwa.
Chokwadi, Natalia, naJean, vakaoneka achangofa. Vakazvimisira kuti vazivikanwe nevatauri venhaka venhaka. Kutongwa kwakatanga gore, magweta akakwanisa kuratidza kuti kutengeserana kwakaitwa nekunyepa. Uye chivanze chacho chengetedza vagari venhaka yekodhi yekugara. Midziyo yose uye Archives Mark Naumvich Liya Bodrova akashanyira muzukuru waLyudmila.
Filmography
- 1938 - "Munhu ane pfuti"
- 1939 - "Hupenyu Hukuru"
- 1939 - "Varwi"
- 1943 - "Vaviri Varwi"
- 1952 - "Max"
- 1967 - "Zhenya, Zhenya uye" Katyusha "
- 1954 - "Player Player"
- 1957 - "husiku patrol"
- 1963 - "Zvakaitika mumapurisa"
- 1961 - "Chivig Dozin"
- 1944 - "Nyika Yakakura"
- 1945 - "Yakakura Yakakura"
Nziyo
- "CRAINES"
- "Kupi Momwari Kunotanga Kupi"
- "Ko Russian Hondo dzinoda?"
- "Vavengi vakapisa hutsi hwavo"
- "Shalands Full Kefali"
- "Husiku Rakasviba"
- "Makore matatu iwe wakarota"
- "Ndinokuda, Hupenyu"