Biography
Emperor Peter III FEDOROvich Yakatumidzwa naPeter Ulrich, sezvo Mutongi weRussia weRussia akaberekerwa muguta rePort of Kiel, riri kuchamhembe kweiyo yeGerman yemazuva ano yeGerman. PaRussia Chigaro cheRussia, Peter Gou akawana hafu yegore (makore ehurumende anoonekwa se 1761-1762), mushure meizvozvo akabatwa nekamuri yezarisa, akarongwa nemukadzi wake Catherine II, iyo yakatsiva mushakabvu Muroora.
Zvinokosha kuti mune muzana rakazotevera, biography yePeter III yakapihwa chete kubva kune yekuzvidza maonero, saka mufananidzo wake muvanhu akatanga zvakaipa. Asi munguva pfupi yapfuura, vanyori venhoroondo vanowana humbowo hwekuti mambo uyu aive akakodzera kwazvo kusimba, uye nguva refu yekutonga kwake yaizunza rubatsiro rwevagari vemuHumambo hweRussia.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Sezvo mukomana akazvarwa muKarl Friedrich Hollytein-Gottorpsky, mukadzi wechiSweden king Charles Xii, mwanasikana waMambo Peter wekutanga (kureva kuti Peter III aive muzukuru waPetro I), ipapo Mufambiro wake wakaremerwa kubva paucheche. Ini handina kuoneka pachiedza, mwana akazova mugari wenhaka wechigaro chechigaro chechiShedhe chechiShapwa, uye mukufunga kwaigona kutora chigaro cheRussia chigaro cheRussia, kunyangwe pandinofunga kuti sekuru vake Peter yandaifanira kunge ndisati ndamboitika.
Hudumbu hwaPetro wechitatu hwaive husiri hwamambo. Iye mukomana airasikirwa naamai vake pakutanga, uye Baba, vakatarisa vamwe vakasara vePrussia, vakaunza mwanakomana wavo semusoja. Watova nemakore gumi, Karl Peter akapiwa musoro wechipiri wekupema, uye mukomana akazotevera mukomana mukomana.
Mushure mekufa kwaKarl Friedrich, mwanakomana wake akapinda mumba aienda kuimba yake Adolf eitinsky, babamunini veCousin, uko mukomana akashanduka kuita humbowo, jeki ane hutsinye uye kwaigara kugutsikana. Hapana munhu akatarisira kuumbwa kwekorona muchinda, uye nemakore 13 aisakwanisa kuverenga. Karl Peter aive nehutano husina kusimba, aive mukomana airwara uye achiri kuyaruka, asi panguva imwe chete yakanaka uye asina mhosva. Aida mimhanzi uye pendi, kunyangwe nekuda kwekurangarira kwababa panguva imwe panguva imwe chete vakauraya "nharaunda".
Nekudaro, zvinozivikanwa kuti kusvika parufu rwaSamperor Peter III, ndakatya kurira kwe cannon shots uye pfuti munyu. Makoronike zvakare akapemberera kupindwa muropa nevejaya kuti zvifeve uye zvigadzirwa, kazhinji anotamiswa kunyepa renhema. Pane zvakare shanduro iyo, mukuyaruka, Karl Peter akawana kuvimba nedoro.
Hupenyu hweramangwana remubati wezvose -Russia zvachinja paaive nemakore gumi nematatu. Kuchigaro cheRussio kweRussia, tete vake Erizabheti ini Petrovna, vakasarudza kusimbisa madzishe evazukuru vaBaba vake. Sezvo Karl Peter ndiye chete mudyi wenhaka kuna Peter. Petersburg, kwaiita kuti Petro wetatu weHoke-Gottorpsky, akatora chitendero cheOrthodox uye akagamuchira zita reSlavic Prince Peter Fedorovich.
Pamusangano wekutanga naNyuzi raErizabheti, kusaziva kwake kwakashamisika uye kuiswa mugari wenhaka weumambo kuenda kumuperekedzi. Mudzidzisi akacherekedza kugona kwakanyanya kwepfungwa, ayo anotsamwisa imwe yengano pamusoro paPeter III se "musoja asina kusimba" uye "akaremara manyoro".
Kunyangwe paine humbowo hwekuti Emperor vakazvibata muvanhu vanonzwisisika zvakanyanya. Kunyanya mumatembere. Semuenzaniso, panguva yebasa ramwari Peter akaseka nekutaura zvinonzwika. Ehe, uye zvakajaira zvakajairwa nevashumiri vekunze. Zvichida maitiro akadaro uye akapinza runyerekupe pamusoro pe "kuderera kwake".
Zvakare muhuduku hwake, aive aine chimiro chakasimba chedombo, iyo yaigona kukonzera kutsauka mukusimudzira. Panguva imwecheteyo, Peter Fedorich akabayirwa musainzi chairo, geography uye yakasimba, yaive neGerman, French neLatin. Asi Russian hazvina kuziva. Asi haana kutsvaka kubata.
Nenzira, iyo dema dema yakanyangarika chakaita stunhu raPetro. Asi mune chero chiratidzo ichi chisina kuremara chimiro hachiratidzwe. Uye nezvehunyanzvi hwekutora mifananidzo saka hapana akafunga - iyo yekutanga foto munyika yakaonekwa mushure memakore makumi matanhatu. Saka zviratidzo zvake chete zvakanyorwa kubva kune zvakasikwa zvakasvika vanhu vazhinji, asi "vakashatiswa" maartist.
Dare Rinodzora
Mushure mekufa kwaErizabheti Petrovna musi waDecember 25, 1761, Peter Fedorovich akabatana nechigaro cheushe. Asi hazvina kuzara, zvakarongwa mushure mekushambadzira kwemauto kuDenmark. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Peter III akaiswa korona yepashure muna 1796 naPaul I.
Akapedza mazuva 186 pachigaro cheushe. Pakati peino nguva, Petro wechitatu akasaina 192 zvemutemo nemutemo. Uye kunyangwe kusaverenga mazano kune mibairo. Saka, kunyangwe paine ngano uye runyerekupe rwakakomberedza hunhu hwake uye zviitiko, kunyange kwenguva pfupi, akakwanisa kutaura iye uye mune yekunze uye yemukati yeropa nyika.
Gwaro rinonyanya kukosha rekutonga kwaPetro Fedororovich - "Manifesto pane kusununguka kwesununguko." Ichi chiitiko chemutemo chakasunungurwa ivo vanokudzwa kubva kuimba yemakore makumi maviri nemashanu uye vakatovatendera kusiira kunze kwenyika.
Kubva pane mamwe mamiriro emamambo, zvakakodzera kucherechedza huwandu hwekuchinja kweshanduko yeiyo nyika system. Iye, ari pachigaro cheushe chete, akakwanisa kubvisa muhofisi yakavanzika, tanga rusununguko rwechitendero, ndimise kutariswa kwezvinhu zvozvidzidzo zvacho, kurambidza nyika dzenyika uye zvakanyanya kune iyo nzvimbo yakazvimiririra - kuti iite dare ra Humambo hweRussia hwakavhurika. Akazivisawo sango nefuma yenyika, akagadza iyo State Bank uye yakaunza kugadzwa kwekutanga kutenderera. Asi mushure mekunge Peter Fedorovich, izvi zvese zvigadzirwa zvakaparadzwa.
Nekudaro, mambo Peter III aive nechinangwa chekuita humambo hweRussia hwesimba remahara, asingasviki vashoma uye nekuvhenekerwa.
Pasinei neizvi, vanyori venhoroondo vazhinji vanoona nguva pfupi uye mhedzisiro yekutonga kwake yega kubva pane zvakaipisisa kuRussia. Chikonzero chikuru cheizvi ndechekutanga kweiyo mhedzisiro yehondo yemakore manomwe. Peter aive nehukama hwakaipa nevaranda vemauto, sezvo akamisa hondo ne prussia uye akauya nemauto eRussia kubva kuBerlin. Vamwe vairangarira zviito izvi sekutengesa, asi chokwadi kukunda kwevarindi muhondo iyi kwakaunza mukurumbira kana iye amene kana kuAustria neFrance vakatsigira mauto. Asi nekuda kwehumambo hweRussia, pakanga pasina kubatsirwa kubva kuhondo iyi.
Akasarudzawo kuunza mauto ePrussian muRussia Army - varindi vakaonekwa fomu idzva, uye chirango chaive chiripo kuna Prussian maitiro - a wig. Shanduko dzakadaro hadzina kuwedzera kwaari chiremera, asi, pane zvinopesana, vakapa kusimuka uye kusagadzikana mumangwana, vese vari muuto nedare rinotenderera.
Hupenyu Hwako
Pakazosvika mumakore emangwana makore 17, Elizaveta Petrovna akamuka kuti aroore. Soffic yeGerman Fordes Augustus akasarudza mukadzi waSophia Frederick Augustus, iyo nhasi nyika yese inoziva pasi pezita rechipiri. Muchato wegomo mugari wenhaka wairidzwa uine chiyero chisina kumboitika. Sechipo, Peter naKatherine zvakaunzwa nenzvimbo dzedzimba dzekuverenga Alexander Mensshikov - Oranienbaub uye Lyburesy pedyo neMoscow.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti Peter III uye EKATERINI II haana kutevedzera mumwe nemumwe uye zvainzi mhuri chete iri pamutemo. Kunyangwe mukadzi paakapa Petro mugari wenhaka weAnna, uye mukunda waAna, akaseka zvekuti haana kunzwisisa, "kwaanotora vana ava."
Mudyi wenhaka kumucheche, ruremekedzo rweRussia, mushure mekuzvarwa, akabviswa kubva kuvabereki, iyo Erizaveta Petrovna pachayo yakabva yakura mukurerwa kwake. Nekudaro, Peter Fedoromich aisava pakuchema zvachose. Haana kumbobvira anonyanya kufarira Mwanakomana wake. Akaona mukomana kamwe chete pasvondo, pairi kwaive kugadzirisa kwehambure. Mwanasikana Anna Petrovna akafa mumucheche.
Nezvehukama hwakaoma naPetro neCatherine Muchipiri anoti chokwadi chekuti Mutongi anoramba achikakavara nemukadzi wake uye akatotyisidzira kumurambana. Pane imwe nguva, mushure mekunge mumwe wako asina kutsigira iyo yekukumbira inotaurwa pamabiko, Peter III akarayira kuti asunge mukadzi. Kubva mutorongo, Catherine akaponeswa chete naBabamunini Kupindira kwaPetro, George Golstein-Gottorpsky. Asi nehasha dzose, kutsamwa uye, kazhinji, negodo zhugene kumukadzi wake Pyotr Fedorovich Fedorovich Raisangana nekuremekedza pfungwa dzake. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, kazhinji kazhinji uye murume waAkaterina aigara achimutendeukira kwaari kuti abatsirwe. Data rakachengetedzwa kuti Peter III Catherine II akadanwa "Mai Kurova".
Zvinokosha, pane hupenyu hwomunhu waPetro III, kushaya hukama hwepedyo neCatherine hazvina kukanganisa. Peter Fedorovich akange aine mistress, iyo yaive mwanasikana waGeneral Roman Vorontsov. Vakunda vake vaviri vakaumbirwa kuyadhi: Catherine, iyo ichava shamwari yemurume wepaga, uye gare gare machinda Dashika, naErizabheti. Pano yakawira mugumo kuti uve mukadzi anodikanwa uye Peter waunofarira iii. Kwaari, aive akagadzirira kunyungudusa imba, asi izvi zvakaitika kune izvi.
Rufu
PaHumambo hwehumambo, Peter Fedorovich akaramba zvishoma kupfuura mwedzi mitanhatu. Pakazosvika zhizha ra 1762, mukadzi wake Ekaterina wechipiri akafemera manyorerwo ake kuronga coup, akaitika pakupera kwaJune. Peter, akarohwa nokunyengera kwenzvimbo, akasiya chigaro cheRussia chigaro cheRussia, pakutanga aisatenda uye aisada, uye aida kudzokera kunyika yake. Nekudaro, nekurongeka kweCatherine, mambo anoshanda akasungwa uye akaiswa mumuzinda muRopsche pedyo neSt. Petersburg.
Uye musi waChikunguru 17, 1762, vhiki mushure meizvozvo, Peter Goi akafa. Muparanzi erufu aive "kurwiswa kweHemorrhoid colic", akawedzera kushungurudzwa kwezvinwiwa zvinodhaka. Nekudaro, iyo huru vhezheni yekufa kwemambo rufu rwechisimba kubva kuAlexei orlova, mukoma mukuru Grigory Orlova - Chinhu chikuru panguva iyoyo yemazuva anodiwa. Zvinotendwa kuti makondo akaturikira musungwa, kunyangwe pasina mubvunzo wekurapa kwechitunha kana chokwadi chechokwadi chinosimbisa izvi. Iyi vhezheni inovimba ne "tsamba dzinopfidza" neAlexey, iyo munguva yedu yakachengetedzwa mumakopi, uye masayendisiti emazuva ano ane chivimbo chekuti pepa iri rakanyengedzwa, ruoko rwerudyi rwaPauro pekutanga.
Pashure porufu rwekare mambo, pakanga paine pfungwa isiriyo yehunhu uye biography yaPetro III, sezvo mhedziso dzese dzaive dzeMumoirs yemurume wake II, vatori vechikamu vambiro weDashkina , imwe yemakona makuru ekurangana, verenga nikita panin, uye mukoma wake - kuverenga Peter panin. Ndokunge, zvichibva pamafungiro evarwi avo vakatengesa Petro Fedorovich.
Just "tinotenda" kune ndangariro dzeKatherine II, mufananidzo waPetro III SEZVAKAITWA-Murume wemurume, akasungirirwa makonzo. Anonzi mukadzi akaenda muhofisi wamambo uye akashamisika anoonekwa. Kupfuura tafura yake kwaive kwakadzika. Mutorwa akamupindura kuti akaita mhosva uye mumitemo yemauto iri pasi pezuva. Zvinoenderana naye, iye akaurayiwa uye kwemazuva matatu acharembera pamberi peveruzhinji. Sergey Solovyev, uye Vasilly Klyuchevsky, achitsanangura Peter wechitatu, akadzokororwa iyi "nyaya".
Zvaive muchokwadi, kana saizvozvo Catherine II pa "musimboti we" asina kunaka akasika mufananidzo wake wakanaka, zvino hazvigoneki kuti uzive.
Runyerekupe rwerufu rwakarasuka vazhinji vevanyengeri, vachidana "vachiri vapenyu Mambo." Phenomi yakadaro yakaitika kare, zvakakodzera kuyeuka kanosvika kakawanda lhaDmitriev. Asi nehuwandu hwevanhu vakazvipa kuna Emperor, Peter Fedorovich haana vanhu vanokwikwidza. Vanosvika makumi mana vanhu vakazova "lzhetters ii", pakati petemelyan pugachem uye stepan diki.
Ndangariro
- 1934 - Inoratidza Firimu "Slutty Emerness" (Mubasa raPeter III - SAM JAFA)
- 1963 - Art Firimu "katerina kubva kuRussia" (saPeter III - Raul Gracili)
- 1987 - Bhuku "ngano yeRussia Prince" - Sochnikov A. S.
- 1991 - Film Film "Vivat, Martshimalena!" (Mubasa raPeter III - Mikhail Efremov)
- 1991 - Bhuku rinoti "Muedzo wechishamiso. "Russian Prince" uye vanyengeri "- Sochnikov A. S.
- 2007 - Bhuku "Ekaterina II naPeter III: Iyo Nhoroondo yeKupokana Kunorwadza" - Ivanov OI. A.
- 2012 - bhuku rinoti "vagari venhaka yeGiant" - Eliseeva o.i.
- 2014 - The Series "Catherine" (saPeter III - Alexander Yatsenko)
- 2014 - Mupi waPeter III Muguta reGerman reKiel (Sculptor Alexander Taratynov)
- Kudyaedzero 11- Zvakatevedzerwa "zvikuru" (Mubasa raPeter III - Pavel Derechyanko)
- 2018 - TV Series "Bload Barnn" (Mubasa raPeter III - EVENY KULAKOV)