Biography
Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin is a Saulman akapinda iyo nyaya semutungamiri wekutanga weRussia, pamwe nekuchinja kwakanyanya kwenyika.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Boris Nikolayevich akaberekwa munaFebruary 1, 1931, pane chiratidzo cheZodiac - Aquarius. Aive mhinduro kubva kumhuri iri nyore kushanda, Russian neNyika. Baba vake Nikolai Ignatievich kwaita kuvaka, uye Amai Claudia vakasiledevna vaive mupfekeri. Sezvo nguva pfupi mushure mekuzvarwa kwaBoris, baba vake vakadzvinyirirwa, mukomana naamai naHama Mikhail vaigara muguta reBerezniki perm dunhu.
Kuchikoro, Mutungamiri wenguva yemberi weYeltsin akadzidza zvisina kunaka, aive wekare-akura uye wekare activist. Mugiredhi rechinomwe, achiri kuyaruka aisatya kuenda kupesana nemudzidzisi weClass uyo akasimudza maoko ake kune vadzidzi uye akamanikidzwa kugadzirisa mavara akaipa mubindu rake. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Boris yakabviswa kubva kuchikoro nehunhu hwakaipa kwazvo, asi murume wacho akatendeukira kuGorka Komsomol uye akawana ruramisiro. Mushure mekugamuchira chitupa chekukura, boris yeltsin anova mudzidzi weUral PolyTochnic Institute, kwaakapedza kudzidza kubva kune yekuvaka Fitulty.
Nekuda kwekukuvara kwemwana, Boris Nikolayevich Ari paruoko rwake, saka haana kumutumidza kuti basa iri muuto. Asi kushomeka uku hakuna kudzivirira boris muhudiki kutamba volleyball, kupfuudza zviyero zvezita rekuti "tenzi wemitambo" uye kutamba timu yenyika yeYenaterinburg. Mushure mekunge yunivhesiti Yeltsin yakapinda muTrust "Uraltyazhtrtroy". Kunyangwe dzidzo yakabvumidzwa nekukurumidza kuti utore nzvimbo yekutungamira, akasarudza mashandiro ekushanda ekutanga uye pamwe akashanda pamwe chete kuti ajoinhi, muvezi, muvezi, muvezi, girabhu, plaster uye mutyairi weCrane.
Nyanzvi yechidiki kwemakore maviri yakaendeswa kuDhipatimendi reDhipatimendi rekuvaka, uye nepakati 1960s, iyo Servdlovsk imba yekuvaka imba yaive yatove musoro. Pazera rimwe chete, Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin inotanga kusimudzira matanho epabato. Pakutanga, anova mutongi kumusangano weCommunist, saka munyori wekutanga weDare reSverdlovsk reCPSU, uye nekutanga kweiyo 80s - nhengo yedare repakati rebato.
Basa
Kubudirira kweBoris Yeltsin semunyori weDare reDunhu kwakaonekwa sekutungamira uye vagari. Pasi pekutarisira kwake, track yakavakirwa pakati pekaterinburg neSerov, kurima kwakagadzirwa, pamwe nekuvakwa kwezvivakwa zvekugara nemaindasitiri. Mushure mekutamira kuMoscow, Boris Nikolaevich inogadzirisa nyaya dzekuvaka dzatove neyese-Union level. Simba rake uye maitiro anoshanda ebasa rakamutsa mukurumbira wemugadziri mumaziso aMascovites. Asi bato riri pamusoro reYeltsin rakaitwa nerusaruro uye kunyange kune imwe nhanho dzakadzivisa kuedza kwake.Cherter kubva kuKushanda Kwekugara, Boris Yeltsin Pletin Plenum Plenum Plenum Plenum uye Akashoropodza Vakuru vevakuru, mumaonero ake, vakaderedza kudzora kweMikhail gorbachev. Kuita kwehurumende kwakanyatsoipa, uko kwakatungamira kusiya basa rekusiya basa kuti vataure pachena marongero avo uye kuendesa kwaari kune mutevedzeri wechigaro cheUSR State chivakwa. Gorbachev Publicy akataura kuti aisazove muEmari yeYeltsin. Asi hutungamiri hwenyika harisati hwasarudza kuti opal boris Nikolayevich NikolAnavich kuti rizotungamira mukukura kwesimba rake rechiremera chake kubva kuvanhu. Kana Boris Yeltsin iri kumhanya muVamiririri muDunhu reMoscow muna 1989, anowana anopfuura 90% yevhoti. Gare gare, wezvematongerwo enyika achange ari iye Sachigaro weDare Guru uye Mutungamiri wekutanga weRsfr.
Mutungamiri weRussia
Wakati, musi waNyamavhuvhu 1991, kuedza kweUSSr kwakaedzwa kuHurumende, kunozivikanwa nhasi se "Nyamavhuvhuki", Mikhail gorbachev akabviswa, uye zviremera mumaoko avo zvakatora mitemo yenyika. Boris Yeltsin yakakwira kumusoro kwevanhu vanopikisa zvisiri pamutemo vachibata neBrazy yebhodhi, vakatorerwa nekufunga uye zviito zvakakwana uye zvakaparadza zvirongwa zveGCP. Sokunge kuti hazvina kushanda kune vamwe vagari kune mamwe mabasa eYeltsin, ndiye akakwanisa kuchengetedza nyika kubva kuhondo inogoneka. Semhedzisiro, Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin yakananga kuHurumende yekutanga yeRussia munhoroondo uye mune ino kugona kusaina chibvumirano cheBelevezhskaya pane iyo yekudzika yeUSSR.
Makore ekutanga ekutonga airema kuRussia. Zvekare, mukana wehondo yevagari vemo zvakamuka, zvaive zvakafanira kuti utangezve kuzoratidzwa nechibvumirano che "chibvumirano cheveruzhinji", uye kugamuchirwa kwebumbiro idzva kwakabatsira mamiriro ezvinhu munharaunda. Minus hombe yemutungamiri wekutanga weRussia ndiko kufungidzira kwezvakarikidzwa muzvombo muChuchnya, uyo akatungamira kuhondo yakareba. Akaedza kumisa hondo, asi pakupedzisira, uyu mubvunzo wakagadziriswa chete naVladimir Putin muna 2001. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, musoro wakafamba nekugadzirisazve kwekabati yevashumiri uye vakasaina zvirevo zvakatevedzana zvakavandudzwa muhupfumi.
Mune mutemo wekunze, Boris Yeltsin aive akakosha kumisikidza hukama nedzimwe nyika dzekuMadokero, uye nekuvaka nhaurirano nedzidziso dzekare dzemagariro. Naizvozvo, purezidhendi weRussian Federation akatendera kuiswa kwaNato Bases muPoland, iyo Czech Republic neSlovakia, kusaverenga kutyisidzira uku kuRussia. Akazivisawo kushambadzira kweRaramu hweRussia nenzira yeguta reUnited States. NaBill Clinton, kushamwaridzana kwake kwakabatana. Vazhinji vanoseka nguva dzakanyorwa pavhidhiyo uye mapikicha akaitika neYeltsin pamisangano neMutungamiriri weUS. Izvi ndizvo zvakaitika zvakare neshanduro isina kunaka yemazwi eBoris Nikolayevich, uye yekuzorora.
Boris yeltsin yakasarudzika neakajeka, ine simba uye dzimwe nguva isingafungidziriki hunhu. Mutungamiriri weRussia akazvinzwa zvakanyatsozvinzwa pachena, dzimwe nguva anokatyamadza iwo aripo. Kazhinji, zviito zvakadaro zvinomutsa kudhakwa, izvo zvaikosha neye yeltsin. Asi misangano ine vagari vemo, mune iyo boris nikolayevich kana kuseka, vakaita sesarudzo uye kunyanya kune vechidiki havana kuipa kupfuura chero pr-chiito.
Saka zvakaitika mutserendendo wemusoro wenyika yeNyika 1996. Boris Yeltsin haana kuronga kutora chikamu mavari, asi aisakwanisa kubvumira mubato wechiKomonisiti kukunda. Chirongwa cheSarudzo chine vhoti "yeSalulog, kana kurasikirwa" zvakaiswa pachena, panguva iyo Yeltsin akashanyira maguta mazhinji eRussia. Pamwe chete naye, nhamba yebhizinesi-yekuratidzira yakatora chikamu muKhiri, Irina Alogrova, Lydmila Gurchenko, Lydmila Gurchenko, Lydmila Gurchenko, Gurchenko, "Mwana", "Dune" Sehwaro hweMushandirapamwe, nheyo dzechirongwa chesarudzo cheBill Clinton "Sarudza, kana kurasikirwa".
Munguva pfupi, yechechi yeYeltsin yeyakaitika kubva pa3-6% kusvika ku35% yakamuvhomora pakutanga kutenderera. Nekuda kweiyo yakakwira mutoro mushure mekutanga nhanho yekuvhota, Boris Yeltsin akapona pakurwara nemoyo. Hutano hwaNikolavich hwaisamubvumidza kuti avhote panzvimbo yekugara muMoscow. Akapa inzwi rake pamusoro pechipiri kutenderedza paSanatoriyun muBarvikha.
Mune sarudzo mune 1996, mutungamiri wenyika ino akakunda mukwikwidzi mukuru Gennady Zyuganov. Mushure mekutangwa, izvo hazvina kukokwa nemagazini ekunze, uye vhidhiyo yacho yakaiswa kubva pakufa kwemakore apfuura, dzidziso yekurangana yerufu rwaBoris yeLtsin yakaonekwa munharaunda uye kutsiva kwewThin. Varidziri Yuri Mukhin akapokana kuti wezvematongerwo enyika akaderera mushure mekurwiswa kwemoyo, kwakava kwaYeltsin yechishanu. Bhuku rinonzi "Code yeYeltsin" yakaburitswa pane iyi nyaya. Muna 1998, Mutevedzeri Ai Sali akapa basa rekuongorora nyaya iyi muHurumende Duma, Akapawo humbowo hushoma kuhofisi yemuchuchisi general "... art. 278 yeiyo Criminal Code yeRussian Federation) pachikamu cheiyo nharaunda yeYeltsin. Asi idzi dzidziso haina kuwana kusimbiswa muhupenyu.
Mushure mesarudzo, mutungamiri wenyika akatarisisa kudzikisira hupfumi uye nzvimbo yemagariro. Kune izvi, chirongwa chinomwe chikuru chakashandiswa, panguva iyo hurumende yakaedza kubvisa zvikwereti zvikuru, kuora kwevakuru, kuti vaunze yunifomu yemabhangi uye vanopinda muBabyiti bhizinesi diki. Sezvo mumwe nzendo kukura, zvinokosha kufunga kusiya basa iri Hurumende Viktor Chernomyrdin, kutsiva vaduku uye nesimba Sergey Kiriyenko. Shure kwake, chinzvimbo cheMutungamiri chaiitwa neEvny Primakov, Sergey Stepushin uye Vladimir Putin.
PaBoris Yeltsin pachayo, mitoro mikuru yehurumende yakanganisa zvisina kunaka, uye aifanira kutsauka pamwoyo. Ini handina kuvandudza manzwiro emutungamiri uye nedambudziko remari 2006, iro rakava dambudziko rakakura reRussia kupfuura renyika, sekukanganisa kukuru uye zvisizvo zvakapfuura. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kudzvinyirira kwakawanda kweiyo rubu, default uye kubhengi kudonha. Kune rimwe divi, panguva ino chete, kutonga kwezvinhu zvekunze pamusika kwakashandiswazve nekugadzirwa kwemudzidzi, izvo zvinogara zvichienda kuruoko rweurayi rwunokura kwenyika.
Boris Yeltsin yakaramba iri kuRussia kusvika pazuva rekupedzisira rezana ramakore rechi20, uye mukati meTerevhizheni yeGore Idzva muna Zvita 31, 1999 yakazivisa kusiya basa kwake. Boris Yeltsin akakumbira ruregerero kubva kune vamwe vagari vemo ndokuti ane "matambudziko ese", uye kwete nekuda kwehutano chete. "Ndangakurumbira" Ndaneta, ndiri kusiya ", zvinonzi Boris Nikolayevich, haienderane nezviri kuitika.
Panguva yekurega basa kweYeltsin, 67% yevagari vanorondedzera zvakashata kwaari, mutungamiri wacho aipomerwa kuparadza Russia uye akasimudzira akasimudzirwa akasunungura simba. Inotsigirwa yeltsin panguva iyoyo 15%. Asi vaongorori vezvematongerwo enyika vanofungidzira kuti makore anotonga zvakanaka, achiisa kugona kukuru kweiyi nguva - rusununguko rwekutaura uye kuvakwa kwehurumende.
Mushure mekunge Boris Yeltsin akasiya mutungamiri wenyika yake, akaramba achitora chikamu muhupenyu hweruzhinji rwenyika. Muna 2000, akasika runyararo, nguva nenguva akashanyira Cis State. Muna 2004, iyo yaimbove musoro weMutungamiri weMutungamiri wenyika, Alexander Korzhakov, akaburitsa bhuku reMemoirs "Boris Yeltsin: Kubva pamambakwedza ezuva," izvo zvakaratidza zvinonakidza zvezuva kubva kune iyo biography yemusoro wenyika.
Hupenyu Hwako
Hupenyu hweBoris yeltsin hwega hwega hwakachinja paaicho achiri kudzidza kuPolytechic Institute. Mumakore iwayo, akasangana nemafuta aana naNaine, kwaakaroora pakarepo mushure mekupera kweyunivhesiti. Pakuzvarwa, musikana akagamuchira zita reAnastasia, asi mumakore okuziva anenge amutsiva kunaNainane, sezvazvakaita kuti izvo zvakadaidzwa mumhuri. Mukadzi weBoris Yeltsin akashanda semaneja wepurojekiti kuVodacanal Institute.Muchato weChina Yeltsin zvakaitika mumba memurimi wekudyidzana kumusoro kweIsti muna 1956, uye gore rakatevera mhuri yakadzurwa nemwanasikana elena. Makore matatu gare gare, Boris naNaina zvakare vakave nevabereki, vaive nemwanasikana mudiki Tatyana. Gare gare, mwanasikana wake akaunzwa kumutungamiri wevazukuru vatanhatu. Boris yeltsin jr. yakava yakakurumbira nezvavo, iyo pane imwe nguva yaive director wekushambadzira kwechikwata cheRussia "formula 1". Uye mukoma wake Grebhi, akazvarwa neRoble Syndrome, muna 2015 yakava mhirizhonga yeEurope pakati pevanhu vakaremara.
Mumabhuku mazhinji, Boris Nikolayevich akazvipa nekuda kwemurume wake, nguva imwe neimwe yakasimbisa hanya yake uye rutsigiro. Asi vamwe vatori venhau, kusanganisira Mikhail vanyori vanyori, vakapokana kuti Naina Yeltsin titsigiri mutsika yemutungamiri wekutanga weRussia, asi zvakare akakurudzira vashandi vehutungamiriri munyika.
Rufu
Mumakore ekupedzisira ehupenyu, boris Nikolayevich yeltsin akatambura nechirwere cheiyo madhaovascular system. Haanawo chakavanzika chekuti akawanikwa aine chidhakwa. Pakati paApril 2007, aimbove mutungamiri wenhambure nekuda kwezvinetso mushure mekutapukirwa kwehutachiona mushure mekutapwa kwehutachiona. Maererano nevanachiremba, hupenyu hwake hake haana kutyisidzira chinhu, chirwere ichi chakaitika. Zvakangodaro, mazuva gumi nemaviri mushure mekurasika, boris yeltsin akafa muchipatara chepakati chekiriniki. Rufu rwauya muna Kubvumbi 23, 2007.
Iyo yepamutemo chikonzero cherufu inonzi moyo wakamira semhedzisiro yekutyora kwemabasa enhengo dzemukati. Ndakaviga Yeltsin nevanhu vemauto kuNovderevichy Cemetery, uye maitiro emariro aive nhepfenyuro live neese state terevhizheni chiteshi. Guva reBoris Yeltsin rine ma tombstone chament. Iyo yakagadzirwa muchimiro cheshuwa chakapendwa mumavara emureza wenyika.
Kwekutanga kwekuzvarwa kweBoris Yeltsin muna 2011, Zvinyorwa "Boris Yeltsin yakapihwa. Hupenyu uye kufungidzira "uye" Boris Yeltsin. Yekutanga ", mukuwedzera kune ndangariro dzevanhu vakararama panguva yemutungamiriri, uye vashandi vasingawanzo verunzurudzo naYeltsin vakapihwa.
Ndangariro
- 2008 - Iyo Main Street of The Business Center of Yekaterinburg-Guta, Street Ndira 9 muIkaterinburg yakatumidzwa Boris Yeltsin
- 2008 - Chinyorwa chakasimba chekuvhura chesangano kuti bhorzari nikolayevich yeltsin yakaitika panzvimbo yeNovderevichy Cemetery
- 2008 - Ural State Technical University (UPI) yakapihwa Boris Yeltsin zita
- 2009 - The B. N. N. Neltsin President Library yakavhurwa muSt. Petersburg
- 2011 - Mons akazaruka muJekaterinburg pachiitiko che80th linivaly yeBoris Yeltsin
- 2015 - Mutungamiri wenyika Boris Yeltsin yakavhurwa muYekaterinburg