Biography
Denikin Anton Ivanovich musi waDecember 16, 1872 mumugodhi weWlobury, iyo yakanyorwa mumazuva iwayo mune imwe guta reWarsaw yeUnited States. Vanombova vanyori venhau dzakazotaurira, ramangwana remangwana rine zita reCommunism raiwanzotangira "prollateari
Ivan Efimovich, baba veAnton denikin, kamwe chete yaive mutengesi weSerf. Panguva yehudiki hwake, Ivan denikin yakapihwa kuti vabudise, uye mumakore makumi maviri nematatu ebasa rakatendeka, akakwanisa kuwana chimiro chemukuru. Asi neizvozvo, mutiridzi wekare haana kuzvidzora: akaramba ari pabasa uye akavaka basa rakabudirira kwazvo, nekuda kwezvaakazova muenzaniso wemwanakomana wake. Ivan Efimovich akasara mukusiya basa muna 1869, akashanda makore 35 uye akasvikwa naYyorian chinzvimbo.
Elizabeth Francisovna VRZEZINSKAYA, amai vemutungamiri wenyika yemberi, vakaitika kubva kumhuri yevarombo varombo varidzi vePolish muridzi wePolish varidzi vepasi, pane imwe nguva diki yevhu nevarimi vakati wandei.
Anton Ivanovere yakaunzwa muOrthodoxy uye akabhapatidzwa pazera risingasviki mwedzi kubva kumhuri, sezvo baba vake vaive murume mutendi zvakanyanya. Nekudaro, dzimwe nguva mukomana akashanyira uye nekereke pamwe naamai veKaturike. Akakura aine chipo uye akavandudzwa nemakore okukura: Watova nemakore mana iveri, akataura zvisina kunyatsoita muRussia chete, asiwo muPolish. Naizvozvo, akazotevera haana kuoma kupinda muchikoro chaWloclaw chaicho, uye gare gare - mumwe wacho mubatanidzwa.
Kunyangwe baba veAnton vaive mumazuva iwayo mukuru anoremekedzwa mukuru, mhuri deniki yakanga iri murombo kwazvo: Amai, baba uye nemamota ezvematongerwo enyika wezvematongerwo enyika. Uye muna 1885, Ivan Efimovich, uye nemari, Anton namai vake vakaipa kwazvo. Ipapo denikin jr. akatora kudzidzisa, uye pazera ramakore gumi nemashanu akagamuchira mudzidzi wemwedzi semudzidzi anobudirira uye anoshingairira.
Kutanga kwebasa remauto
Mhuri, sezvataurwa naAnton denikin neinobva kukurudzira: Kubva pazera diki airota achivaka basa remauto (saBaba vake, vakaberekerwa kuSerf, uye vakashamiswa). Naizvozvo, mushure mekupedza kudzidza muchikoro chinopesana, jaya harina kufunga nezve ramangwana rake remangwana, zvinobudirira kunyoresa muKiev Infantry School, uye ipapo kune yakasarudzika yechokwadi nikolaev Academy yevashandi vemukuru wevashandi.
Akashanda mumapoka akasiyana-siyana, akatora chikamu muhondo yechiJapan-wechiJapan, aishanda pamushandi wechiJobho, aive mutungamiriri wegumi nemanomwe mucheche achachengeta. Muna 1914, Anton denikin akagamuchira musoro wenyaya, kunyoresa muDunhu reKiev remauto, uye mushure meizvozvo akazununguswa kumusoro wezana mukuru.
Maonero ezvematongerwo enyika
Anton Ivanovich aive murume anongotevera hupenyu hwezvematongerwo enyika hwenyika. Aive mutsigiri weRussian Liberalism, akataura nekugadzirisa uto, kubva muhurumende. Kubva mukupera kwezana ramakore rechi 19, denikin haina kunyorera zvairataridza mumagazini emauto nemapepanhau. Kutenderera kwakakurumbira kwakanyanya kwezvinhu zvake "Zvinyorwa zveArments" zvakadhindwa mubhuku rainzi "Scout".
Sezvazviri muhondo yechiRussia-yechiJapan, pakarepo mushure mekutanga kwehondo yenyika yekutanga, Anton Ivanovich akasimbisa mushumo, achimukumbira kuti agadzire kuhurongwa. Brigade yechina ye "vapfuri vechidiki", mukuru wehondo yaive denikin, akarwisa nzvimbo dzine njodzi uye akaratidza ushingi uye ushingi. Anton denikin pachavo mukati memakore ehondo yekutanga yenyika yakagamuchira mibairo mizhinji: Iyo yekurongeka yeSt. George, St. George zvombo. Pamusoro pezvo, kune babamunini yenzvimbo yemuvengi panguva yekushomeka kwekushanda kwezasi-kumadokero kumberi uye kwakabudirira kubatwa kweLutsk, akagamuchira musoro wemukuru weLieutenant.
Hupenyu uye Basa Mushure mekunge February Revolution
Munguva yeFebruary Revolution ya1917, Anton Ivanovich yaive iri pamberi peRomania kumberi. Akatsigira kakawanda uye, kupesana nekuziva kwake zvekuverenga uye nekuziva nezvezvematongerwo enyika, kunyange akatendwa nerunyerekupe rwakawanda rwe notolae II nemhuri yose yehumambo. Kwenguva yakati, denikin akashanda semahombekombe eMikhail Alexeyev, uyo achangobva kuongorora kwakagadzwa mukuru wemutungamiriri wehondo yeRussia.
Alekseev paakachinjwa kubva post uye akatsiviwa naGeneral Brusilov, Anton denikin akaramba chinzvimbo chake ndokutora chinzvimbo chemutungamiriri kumaviriri kumadokero. Uye pakupera kwaAugust 1917, Lieutenant-general aive nekusava nehanya nekuratidza rutsigiro rwake chinzvimbo cheGeneral, vachitumira nharembozha kuHurumende pfupi. Nekuda kweizvi, Anton Ivanovich aifanira kushandisa anenge mwedzi muBerdievhev jeri mukufungidzira kweiyo kuurayiwa.
Pakupera kwaSeptember, denikin uye mamwe mauto akaendeswa kuBerdiicheva kuenda kuBerdiv, uko rimwe boka rekusunga mauto mauto (kusanganisira General Kornilov) yakaitwa. MuBykhovskaya jeri, Anton Ivanovich akasara kusvikira muna Zvita 2, mumwe chete 1917, apo hurumende yeBolshevik, kuwa kwehurumende yenguva pfupi, kwechinguva chakanganwa nezve mauto akasungwa. Nekupa ndebvu uye kuchinja zita neiyo surname, denikin yakaenda kuNovocherKassk.
Kuumbwa uye kushanda kweuto rekuzvipira
Anton Ivanovich denikin akatora chikamu chinoshanda mukusikwa kweuto rekuzvidira, richinyudza kupokana pakati peCornilov naLekseev. Akabvuma zvisarudzo zvakakosha, akazova mutungamiri wenyika panguva yekutanga neyechipiri kuBuban Campaigns, pakupedzisira achishora kuitira kuti abate zviremera zveBolshevik.
Pakati pa1919, mauto denikini akarwa zvakanyatsogadzirirwa nekuumbwa kwemuvengi kuti Anton Ivanovich akatobata mushandirapamwe weMoscow. Nekudaro, chirongwa ichi hachina kufanirwa kuti chizadzikiswe: Simba rehondo rakadzora kushaikwa kwechirongwa chose, izvo zvaizoonekwa kune vakajairwa nenzvimbo dzakawanda dzeRussia, kubudirira kwehuori kumashure, uye kunyange shanduko ye Chikamu cheWhite Hondo vakapinda mumakororo uye makororo.
Pakupera kwa1919, Denikin mauto akabudirira kudzinga gondo uye aive ari munzira kuenda kuTula, nokudaro achinge abudirira zvakanyanya kune rimwe rinti-bollhevik maforamu. Asi mazuva auto anozvipira ainzi ainzi: Muchirimo cha1920, mauto akamanikidzwa pamhenderekedzo yegungwa muNovoriyrossyk uye, kazhinji, vatapwa. Hondo yevagari vemo yakarasika, uye denikhin pachake yakazivisa kusiya basa kwake ndokusiya nyika yake zvachose.
Hupenyu Hwako
Pashure pokungeza kubva kuRussia, Anton Ivanovich akagara munyika dzakasiyana dzeEurope, uye nguva pfupi yapera yeHondo Yenyika II yakaenda kuUnited States, kwaakafira muna 1947. Mhuri Yake: Mukadzi Wakatendeka waKenkia Chizzi, avakaramba achingoedza kudzora mugumo, uye mwanasikana waMarina - vakapinda mune izvi zvinodzungaira naye. Parizvino, mifananidzo yakawanda yevakaroora vakagadzwa uye vakunda vavo vari kunze kwenyika vanochengetedzwa, kunyanya muParis uye mamwe maguta eFrance. Kunyangwe denikin aida kuberekwa achiri vana, mumwe wake aisakwanisa kubereka zvakanyanya mushure mekuzvarwa kukuru kwekutanga.
Mukukudza, iyo yaimbove yekupedzisira-mutungamiriri-mukuru yakaramba ichinyorera kune zvemauto-zvematongerwo enyika. Kusanganisira pari pari pasi peminhenga yake, zvifananidzo zvazvino zvazvino. Zviitiko zveRusicaly University ", zvakavakirwa kwete kungova ndangariro dzaDenikin pachezvake, asiwo pane zvinyorwa zvezvinyorwa zveRussia. Makore mashoma mushure meizvozvo, Anton Ivanovich akanyora kuwedzera uye kuunzwa kune iyo "Essays" - Bhuku "Iyo Nzira yeRussia Officer".