Biography
Usama Ben Laden akaberekwa munaKurume 10, 1957 muguta guru reSaudi Arabia - Guta reEr-Riyadh. Baba vake vava brigined brionaire brionaire muhammed bin avadin Ben Laden, uye Amai ndivo vanotarisira Hamid Al-Ataps. Nguva pfupi mushure mekuzvarwa kwehuwandu hwehukuru hwehugandanga 1, vabereki vake vakarambana, uye mukomana akaramba ari amai vake. Pashure pakazotevera, akaroora zvakare uye akabereka mumwe wake / murume mutsva wevana vana.
Ben Laden Jr. akaunzwa seSunni. Akadzidza pachikoro chenyika chakanakisa uye muUniversity Univimbisa yaMambo Abdel-Aziza, kuFaculty yeEconomics uye Bhizinesi Management. Mamwe masosi anotaura kuti jaya rakanyanyodomedzwa muzvidzidzo zvake uye vakabudirira vakapedza kudzidza kuyunivhesiti, vachigamuchira diploma inoenderana. Vamwe, pane zvinopesana, vanopokana kuti USama Ben Benena vakakanda zvidzidzo zvake mugore rechitatu.
Nyika yakajairika yemhuri yakaremerwa yemhuri ingangoita mabhiriyoni mashanu emadhora. Mushure meBin Laden-sr. Akafa semhedzisiro yeanenge ndege kupaza muna 1967, mwanakomana wake Ussama (mumwe wevana makumi mashanu nemashanu ebhirioni) akagarwa nemamiriyoni makumi maviri nemashanu emadhora. Munguva yezvidzidzo zvake kuyunivhesiti, akatanga kuratidza kufarira kwakawedzerwa kwechitendero, achishingairira mukududzirwa kwaJihad uye Quran.
Hondo muAfghanistan
Intemarial kuti iwande iyo nhaka yakagamuchira, muhudiki hweUSama iite bhizinesi rekuvaka. Kubva kune runyararo basa rekubatsira kambani yake, akakanganiswa nekupinda muchiuto kweAfghanistan uye kufamba kweAfghan Jihad. Vanonyanyisa vakatsamwira nehondo uye vakasvika muAfghanistan pakupera kwa1979, uye pakutanga kwegore ra1980 akasimbisa vatariri vechiIslam Colamic muguta reLahore (Pakistan).
Pashure paizvozvo, Osama Ben akaremara zvakarongeka akatsigira vatungamiriri veAfghan kuramba kubva pazvinhu zvayo zvemari. Muvajoiri na Abdalla Azam, uyo akananga kuPalestinian bhaisikopo ", Huslim Vakabatana", Osama akavhura Bureau of masevhisi uye akaronga kuunganidza kwevazvipiri veMuslim vanozvipira kubva kunyika dzenyika yevaArab. Muzvinabhizimusi-wekunyanyisa akaripira vese vazvipiri vanosvika muAfghanistan uye kugadzirira kwavo kwekutora chikamu mune hostution. Uyezve, iye amene akatora chikamu muhondo kubva kumauto eUSR.
Mauto eSoviet paakabviswa munyika, gandanga racho rakarasikirwa nemubatanidzwa mubatanidzwa neRussia, vachinamatira kuUnited States. Hake asingazive kuvapo kwemauto eAmerica munyika dzenyika yechiMuslim, akatanga kuona nyika semuvengi wake akakosha. Muna 1989, vanonyanyisa vakatora kondirakiti uye basa rekuvaka, panguva imwechete iyi nesimba rekubatsira vanopikisa kubva kuYemen naSaudi Arabia.
Al-Qaida
Pakupera kwama1980, Osama Ben akareruka Azam, sezvo iyo yekupedzisira yaida maArabu mukufamba kwekupesana neye Mujahekeri, nepo iye amama pachavo aida kuona makomputa avo ane simba rakaparadzana. Saka iyo al-Qaida yakatanga kuumba. Pakutanga, mubatanidzwa uyu waive wakasarudzika: Nhengo dzeboka dzinofanira kungova netsika dzakanaka, gadzirira kuteerera uye kuunza mhiko kuti iende kunze kwevakuru kumisikidza.
Iyo midzi kupwanyika yakaitika apo pakupera kweZhizha ra1990, Mutungamiri Iraq Saddam Hussein vakaparidza Kuwaiti, vakaunza miganho yake yevaIraqinda munyika diki. Zvakare, Hondo iyi yakatanga mazuva maviri chete, asi ndiye akatanga kutanga kwehondo yakakura uye yakawedzera kwazvo muPersian Gulf, kutora chikamu umo United States uye iyo USSR yakatora.
Kukurisa kukuru kwehondo yeIraq kwakatarisana kusiri kure kubva kumuganhu naSaudi Arabia, uye Saddam Hussein pachezvake akakurudzira vanhu vavakidzani vavakidzani veArabic. Osama Ben Laden akasangana nenyika dzakakwirira-dzisingaperi, achitarisira kuvadzivisa kubva kune dzimwe nyika kubva kunyika dzeNyika dzeNeMumman nyika uye nekupa rutsigiro rune simba kune yavo yechiArab gayation. Nekudaro, vanonyanyisa vakarambwa.
Musoro waAl-Qaaeda wakadzokorodza pachena mauto eAmerican ane mauto echiMuslim, achipokana kuti avo chete iSlam chitendero chinogona kuchengetedza medina neMecca. Iyo inofungidzirwa kuti panguva imwe chete, iyo yeUsama yeUS ama zvishoma nezvishoma yakatanga kuumbwa, uye kusagutsikana kwemasumbu kwechiMuslim kwakawana fomu yakazara yakazara muchimiro chekurwiswa kwematerentu.
Gandanga №1
Kunyangwe hondo muBay yePersia yakapera munaFebruary 1991, zvese zvakatanga Osama. Akazopedzisira akasarudza kuti kurwa nevavengi veMuslim Nyika (nevaya vaaitendawo saizvozvo) ndicho chinangwa chikuru chehupenyu hwake, uye nechinangwa chekushanda nesimba zvakatanga kuita chirwere ichi.
Saka, muna Nyamavhuvhu 1998, sangano rake guru rakaridza mumiriri weUS muTanzan Dar es Salam naKenya Nairobi. Kurwiswa kwehugandanga kwakarongeka musi waAugust 7 (mushure mokunge anyatsoita makore manomwe mushure mekunge mauto eAmerica akaiswa muSaudi Arabia panguva yehondo muPersian Gulf). Semhedzisiro yekuputika mune imwe NAirobi, vanhu 213 vakafa, uye vagari vemo vanenge zviuru zvishanu vakakuvara nekuomeserwa kwakasiyana.
Kubva ipapo, kweAmerican Special Services, Ben Laden akagamuchira chimiro chakakurumbira chehuwandu hwehugandanga 1. Nhoroondo zhinji dzebhizinesi dzebhizinesi dzakasungwa, uye neruzivo rwunosungwa runononoka kudzidziswa nyika dzakawanda, rakavimbiswa kubhadhara mamirioni mashanu emadhora.
Zvakangodaro, gandanga rakaramba riripo rutsigiro runoshanda rweanonyanyisa kuAsia, muNorth Caucasus uye mune mamwe matunhu.
Maererano nezvimwe zvinyorwa, bhini yakakwanisa kutanga "nheyo yekubatsira magandanga". Musoro waAl-Qaida zvakare muhondo yeBosnia, kubatsira Mutungamiriri weHurumende kuti ugadzire "Chinyorwa cheSlubic Republic yechokwadi" muBalkan. Kuti uwane mari yekuendeswa kwe mujalideren-mercenaries kuBosnia kubva kuBosnia kubva kuArab World, Usama yakatanga kubatsirwa nevatengesi veSudanese veSudanese.
Pakati pama1990s, anorema akashanyira Albania, achisvika kuMutungamiriri. Mifananidzo yakatsigirwa kana mavhidhiyo asina kuchengetedzwa kubva ipapo, zvakadaro, zvinozivikanwa kuti Osama anomiririra imwe yemapoka mazhinji emafuro akatumira mitezo yavo kuti vatore chikamu mune zvombo. Hondo yakati yatanga kuChuchnya, Musoro weHutstul uye Unfrincuppled Al-Qaeda yakatanga kushingairira kuendesa murahjadeen uye kudunhu rino.
Zviitiko Nyamavhuvhu 11
Sezvazvinozivikanwa, musi waSeptember 11, 2001, asangano regandanga rakabaya ndege dzevatakuri, dzakazopwanya kuita shongwe mbiri dzePasires Trader Center, muchivako chePentagon uye mumunda weSchenxville (yakafungidzirwa kuti ndege yechina yaizodaro Gara muCapitol). Nekuda kweizvozvo zviitiko zvinodhaka zvehugandanga, vanenge zviuru zvitatu vanhu vakaurayiwa.
Pakutanga, Usama Ben Laden akaramba kubatanidzwa kweboka rake rehugandanga reAl-Qaida kuita kuti kurwiswa kwemagandanga uku. Gare gare akabvuma kuti aiziva nezvekurwiswa uku kugadzirira uye akakurukurirana nevamwe vatungamiriri veanoratidzira pasi pevhu, uye mushure menguva yakati kuti yakatora mutoro wezvakaitika. Muna Gumiguru 2004, Osama akataura kuti kurwiswa kweGunyana kwaSeptumbe kweGunyana kwa2011 kuri, mumaonero ake, chirango chakaringana che "kudzvinyirira" kweRebhanoni nePanoni nePalestine.
Kuvharirwa uye kudzima
Kuparadza magandanga anozivikanwa nenyika yose yakaedzwa Clinton, negwenzi, naObama. Mubairo weMusoro weBhini wakarukwa wakawedzera kusvika pamakumi maviri nemashanu, uye kusvika pamadhora makumi mashanu emadhora. Kwemakore ekutambudzwa kweanoratidzira, midhiya mizhinji uye manhamba ezvematongerwo enyika akataura kuti Osama akaurayiwa, akafa neTyphus, uye zvakadaro. Nekudaro, zvakazoitika kuti magazini achiri mupenyu. Kuverengera kwakawanda kwehutsamwe mashandiro aiitwa muUnited States, mumwe wavo anotsaurirwa kufirimu "yehuwandu".
Bin Relen akasangana nerufu rwake chairwo muna Chivabvu 2, 2011, apo mauto eAmerica auto eAmerica akabata chivindi pakuvhiya kwehugandanga villa. Yakanga iri pedyo neIslamabad, munharaunda yaAbongotabad. Pashure pacho, zvakawanda zvinyorwa, kusanganisira zvakananga purezidhendi weUnited States, Barack Obama, akaurayiwa apo iyo USama yakaurayiwa, sezvo nhamba yehugandanga 1 yakaurayiwa, makore mangani panguva yekufa , nezvimwe. Muviri Ben Laden, zvichienderana naCNN, yakavigwa mugungwa reArabia.
Hupenyu Hwako
Ruzivo rwakakwana rwemusoro we al-Qaida hazvina zvakawanda. Vakataura kuti iye akasara, kukura kwake kwainge kuri kanopfuura 180 cm, kana 193-196 cm, akafamba netsvimbo uye akasiyaniswa nenzira yekutaura chinyararire. Vanonyanyisa vakaroora kakawanda uye vakarambana kakawanda, vachiri vakazvarwa vana makumi maviri neshanu. Izvo zvakaziviswa kuti mushure mezviitiko zvaSeptember 11, vazhinji vavo vakatamira kuIran.