Biography
Rasul Ghamzvvich Gamzatov - Mudetembi weAVAR Mavaki, vevateresi, muturikiri, wezvematongerwo enyika, neKavakani yerondedzero yemupostori Mutsvene Andrei aferefirwa.
Rasul Gamzatov akaoneka musi waGunyana 8, 1923. Mudetembi anotevera akaberekerwa mune imwe yeAyov Hongzakh Dunhu reDangastan. Rasul akanyora mavhesi ake ekutanga achiri mudiki paakatanga kuona ndege mumusha wake weTsada. Iye mukomana akanyanya kuremerwa, uye akafunga kuvaonesa papepa.
Mudzidzisi wekutanga Rasul aive baba vake Gamzat Tsadas, uyo aive nhetembo dzakakurumbira Danden. Akaudza mwanakomana wenyaya, ngano, funga nhetembo yake, akakurudzira kufungidzira uye pfungwa dzehupenyu hweMwanakomana. Mumba madziri mumhuri iyo Gamzatov Yaigara, iyo Hamzat Tsadya Museum ikozvino iri kuwanikwa. Mukukudza iye, chikoro chakatumidzwawo, umo vanakomana vake nevamwe vemumusha vakafamba.
Nhetembo dzekutanga dzakabudiswa mumapepanhau emuno, Rasul akasaina zita reGamuzat Tsadya. Jaya racho rakauya riine psefordm yake pandakaziva kuti basa rake rinobata simba raBaba. Saka mudetembi akava Rasul Gamzatov.
Shanduro yekutanga, iyo yakaisa kuumbwa kweHamzatov, pepepanhau "raive makomo" bolshevik ". Panguva iyoyo, nhetembo diki yaive mubato wechikoro. Akaramba achinyora nemachinda, ave mudzidzi. Rasul akagamuchira pedagogarical dzidzo. Pakutanga kwemafomu ezana ramakore rapfuura, Gamzatov akashanda semudzidzisi muchikoro chidiki, icho chiri ikozvino kubereka zita rababa vake.
Muna 1943, kuunganidzwa kwekutanga kwenhetembo Gamzatov akabuda. Iri bhuku raive nehuwandu hukuru hwemazita mumusoro wemauto akayemurwa naRasul vakayemura garai revarwi veSoviet. Munguva yehondo huru yemuchadenga, mukoma vakuru Gamzatov akafa, izvi zvakakanganisa maitiro jaya rekukakavara.
Sezvo ashanda kwemakore akati wandei kuchikoro, Rasul akaenda kuMoscow kupinda mubhuku raVanyori muna 1945. Panguva iyoyo, makanga vatove nemazwi akati wandei akaburitswa muGamuzatov Burn Fund. Pakunakidzwa kweAvars akagamuchira. Gamzatov akawana nyika itsva yehutsu yeRussia, iyo yakazoratidza zvakanyanya mubasa rake rinotevera. Muna 1947, nhetembo dzeGamazatov dzakatanga rakaburitswa muchiRussia, uye mumakore matatu gare gare mudetembi akapedza kudzidza kubva mukunyora Institute.
Basa reiyi Dandentan vabati vanga vari pamatanho, asi Garoat haana kumbobvira akanyora muchiRussia. Nhetembo dzake uye nyaya dzakashandurwa nevanyori vakasiyana, iro nhetembo yakabvumirana chaizvo.
Vazhinji venhetembo dzeGamzatov vakaiswa mumhanzi. Rwiyo rwiyo rwakavakirwa pane zvaakanyora rwakadzokororwa zvakanyorwa nekambani "nziyo". Vagadziri vakakurumbira vakabatira pamwe nedetembi, kusanganisira Raymond Pauls, Jan Frenkel, Dmitry Kabaalevsky, Alexander Pakhmutova, Yuri Antonov. Nziyo dziri pamitemo yake yakanzwika kubva mumuromo waJosefu Kobzon neMuslim magomayev, Sofia Rotaru naAnna Herman, Vakhtanga Kikabidze naMark Bernes.
Rasul Gamzatov kweanopfuura makore makumi mashanu aive musoro wemunyori sangano reDangastan. Aivawo nhengo yedare rezvinyorwa zvevakazivikanwa anozivikanwa eSoviet Levoet. Kwenguva yakareba gamzatov yakashandurwa mumutauro wechigaro chebasa rePushkin, Nekrsov, BLOK, Lermontov, Yesenin uye imwe yeRussia classics.
Hupenyu Hwako
Rudo rwekutanga Rasul Gamzatov rakazova runhare. Mudiwa wake aive muimbi, akasiya hupenyu hwake pakutanga, achisiya pendi shoma uye nemoyo wakaputsika wenhetembi. Gamzatov akazvitsaurira kumukadzi uyu kune nhetembo.
Hupenyu hwevanhu vepedyo hweveruzhinji hauna kupera. Mumusha wake wekwaakaberekerwa, musikana wePatimat akararama, kumashure uko Rasul aigarotarisira mwana. Kana muvakidzani akura, Gamzatov akafadzwa nokunaka kwake. Mudetembi akawana musikana aive muchengeti makore masere, uye akagara naye hupenyu hwake hwese. Mumwe murumewa akafa makore matatu pamberi pevabudiridzi.
Muna 1956, vaviri vaviri vaive nemwanasikana womusungo, mushure memakore matatu - patimat, uye muna 1965 - mwanasikana waMasaishi. Mugore rimwe chetero, umo mwanasikana mudiki akaoneka Rasul Gamzzivich, akasiya mai vake. Handula Gaidarbecagadzhivna akafa aine makore makumi manomwe nemasere.
Mukadzi wenhau akashanda hupenyu hwake hwese nemunyori wezvenhau yake, imwe yemumuseum emberi dzehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi hwevanhurume hwave zita rake. Mudetembi ane vana vazukuru. Imwe yeHaless Rasul Gamzatova Tavus MaHachichev akava muimbi ane mukurumbira mune DAGESTAN.
Rufu
Muna 2000, mumwe wake weRasul Gamzatov akafa, iye akararama zvakanyanya kupfuura hafu yezana ramakore. Mushure mekufa kwemudzimai wake, hutano hwetemberi hwanyanyisa kwazvo. Rasul Gamzvot aive nechirwere cheParkinson, asi haana kurasikirwa netariro, akatarisira zvakanaka kurapwa.
MunaSeptember 2003, mudetembi aifanira kupemberera makore ake evanomwe, asi akatumira mhemberero nekuda kwekugara zvakanaka. Muna Gumiguru wegore rimwe chetero, murume akawira muchipatara. Mukunda wenherue nhetente mudetembera aimhanyira zuva kusvika kurufu uye anotenda kuti baba vavo vafungire hanya nekukurumidza. Vabudiridzi vakapfuura munaNovember 3, 2003.
Gamzatov akasiya testamende iyo pakanga paine nzvimbo yekukumbira vanhu veDanga. Mudetembi akakumbira makomputa kuti vafarire uye kuda nyika yavo. Zviuru zvevanhu zvakazodaro zvakanaka. Muviri wake we compatriots akatakurwa kumakuva pamapfudzi.
Gamzatov akabvunza kusaratidza maratidziro ehupenyu uye surname. "Rasul" ndiro chete izwi raakakumbira kunyora muchiRussia pabwe rake guru. Akaviga mudetembi muMakhachkla, iye akaramba akaomarara padivi pemukadzi wake.
Chokwadi chinonakidza
- Muna 1968, Mark Bernes vakaita rwiyo "Cranes". Mumhanzi kune ichi chinyorwa chakanyorwa naJan Frenkel muRete Russion yePoem Rasul Gamzatov.
- Mudetembi panguva yekuumbwa kwe "cranes" akafemerwa nenhoroondo yeJapan Sadaka Sasaco. Musikana akawira akarwara leukemia nekuda kwemhedzisiro yeHiroshima bhomba. Sadakov akatenda kuti kana ichigamuchira chiuru mapepa emapepa, zvaigona kukwanisa kurapa kubva pakurwara kwake. Musikana uyu haana kuwana nguva yekupedza basa uye akafa. Rasul akapinda nepfungwa yekuramba kwehondo dzese uye chifananidzo cheSadako muJapan akanyora nhetembo dzakazova hwaro hweRwiyo "Cranes".
- Rasul Gamzvvich akatarisira kuti mukomana angaonekwa mumhuri yake. Akaronga kufonera mwanakomana waHaji muurat mugamba renhepu dzetsiva of shumba tolstoy kana shamil. Mushure mekuzvarwa kwemwanasikana wechitatu, ivo vakaroora vanosiya kuedza kubereka mugari wenhaka. Vanasikana Gamzatova havana kubereka vanakomana uye vanotenda kuti pane chakavanzika icho mune izvi.
- Rasul Gamzvot haana kuvanza nyika yake. Iye aida kudada nekuva nomukodhi wechidiki mudhiri. Mudetembi aive neimba muMakhachkala uye imba huru muMoscow, asi mudetembi aisada kuendesa mhuri iyi kuguta reUSSR.
- Mwanasikana wepakati wembira akatumidzwa zita rake, uye kwete mukadzi wake Rashu. Bata raGamzatov kutanga kwekuruboshwe hupenyu, aive mwanasikana wemukoma wake akafa muhondo.
- Iyo nhetembo yakapihwa nekupenya kwepfungwa. Rasul Gamzvvich anonyemwerera panenge panguva dzese dzakachengetedzwa. Zvinoenderana nevanasikana, majee ake aigara aine mutsa uye kuseka.
- Rasul Gamzatovich akasarudzwa semutevedzero weDare repamusoro reDagilstan Assr, aivewo mutevedzeri uye nhengo yeMutungamiriri weSovie yeUsr.
- Mwedzi mipfumbamwe mushure mekufa kwenhamba, vazukuru vake vakazvarwa mwanakomana. Mukomana akadana Rasul. Mwedzi mishoma asati aberekwa, imwe yeshamwari Gamzatov akarota hope dzaigara mudetembi.
Ndangariro
Mushure mekufa kwaRasul Gamzatov, mafirimu ehupenyu hwake uye basa rakatanga kuoneka. Panguva dzakasiyana-siyana, zvikwangwani zvitanhatu zvichireva zvichireva nezve fate yetemberi. Muna 2014, hunyanzvi uye rondedzero yercoliture nezve Rasul Gamzatov, uyo akanzi "Dandentani yangu. Kureurura ".
Iro zita rePethter rakapfekwa: Chikepe cheKutakura, chikepe cheTu -
MuDagistan kubva 1986, mukuremekedza Gamzatov, iyo "machena cranes" zororo rinoitwa.