Biography
SHOSTAKOV DMITRY DMITRIVIVS - Soviet Pianist, Ruzhinji Mufundisi, Mudzidzisi, chiremba wenyaya yeUSSR, mumwe wevanonyanya kuverengera muzana ramakore rechi20.
Dmitry Shostakovich akaberekerwa munaSeptember 1906. Iye mukomana aive nehanzvadzi mbiri. Mwanasikana mukuru wechikuru wechikuru uye Sophia vakasildevna shoostakovichi vanonzi Maria, akaberekwa muna Gumiguru 1903. Munun'una waDitry akagamuchira zita rekuti Zoa pakuzvarwa. Kuda mimhanzi yeShoostakovich yakagara nhaka kubva kuvabereki vake. Iye nehanzvadzi dzake vaive mumhanzi. Vana pamwe chete nevabereki kubva muchiri mudiki vakatora chikamu mumba zvakavandudzwa makomisheni.
Dmitry Shostakovich Kubva 1915 aidzidza mumitambo yekutengesa, panguva imwe chete iyoyo akatanga kuenda kuchikoro chemimhanzi yemimhanzi yakakurumbira yeIgnatia Albertovich. Kufunda muimbi ane mukurumbira, SHOSTakovich akawana hunyanzvi hwakanaka, asi zano harina kudzidzisa zvirevo, uye jaya racho raifanira kuzviita ndega.
Dmitry akayeuka kuti girazi iro raive murume anofinha, narcissistic uye asingatauriri. Makore matatu gare gare, jaya racho rakasarudza kusiya kudzidza, kunyange amai vacho nenzira dzose vakadzivirira izvi. Shokanovich, kunyange achiri mudiki, haana kuchinja zvisarudzo zvake uye akasiya chikoro chemimhanzi.
Mumamoirs ake, mugadziri akataura nezve chiitiko chimwe chete 1917, chakapwanywa zvakanyanya mundangariro. Pazera ramakore gumi namaviri, Shostakovich akaona mucherechedzo wakaparadzira chaunga chevanhu, akaparadza Saber yemukomana. Achiri mudiki, Dmitry, kuyeuka nezvemwana uyu, akanyora mutamba anonzi "Kurume Kurume kwekurangarira kweVatsigiri vekuchinja."
Dzidzo
Muna 1919, shostakovich yakava mudzidzi wePetrogram Conservatory. Zivo inowanikwa naye mugore rekutanga rechikoro rakabatsira mujaya wechidiki kuti apedze its orchestral isay - Schuts foll.
Muna 1920, Dmitry Dmitrievich vakanyora maviri basini krylov uye "zvitatu zvinotyisa kutamba" kwe piyano. Iyi nguva yehupenyu hwemutungamiriri wechidiki inosanganisirwa nechitarisiko cheBoris vladimirovich uye vladimir vladimichich scherbache mune yake zvakakomberedza. Vaimbi vaive chikamu che "Anna fogh" denderedzwa.
Shastakovich akadzidza nehasha, kunyange akaona matambudziko. Nguva yakanga ine nzara uye yakaoma. Grocery pack yeVadzidzi veChikoro Comervatory yaive diki, mutambi wechidiki uyu aive aine nzara, asi haana kusiya mimhanzi. Akashanyira Philharmonic nemakirasi, zvisinei nenzara uye kutonhora. Pakanga pasina kupisa mukuchengetwa munguva yechando, vadzidzi vazhinji vairwara, pakanga paine zviitiko zvekuuraya kufa.
Mune memoirs yake, SHOSTAKAKOVIRI akanyora kuti munguva iyoyo, kushaya simba kwemuviri kumumanikidza kuti aende netsoka. Kuti usvike kuCustomervatory pane tram, zvaive zvakafanira kupaza kuburikidza neboka revaya vanoshuva, sekutakura kwakafamba zvisingawanzo. Dmitry aive asina kusimba nekuda kweizvi, akabuda mumba pamberi akafamba netsoka.
SHOSTAKOVCHI ANODA KUTI ANODA MARI. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu akawedzera kufa kwemukuru wemhuri yemhuri Dmitry Boleslavovich. Kuti uwane imwe mari, Mwanakomana akagarisa kuti ashande tepi muinema "ribhoni rakajeka". Panenge panguva ino shostakovich akafarisisa nekunyangadza. Basa racho raive rekubhadhara zvakaderera uye kuneta, asi dmitry resturity, sezvo mhuri ichinyatsodiwa.
Mwedzi wakatevera, Shostakovich akaenda kumuridzi weCinema akim Lvovich Volynsky's Cinema kuti uwane muhoro. Mamiriro ezvinhu akange asingafadzi. Muridzi we "mwenje mbabvu" akaumbwa dmitry nekuda kwekuda kwake kuwana mapeni, akagutsikana kuti vanhu hunyanzvi havafanire kuchengeta chikamu chehupenyu.
Chikamu chehuwandu hweShostakovakore gumi nemanomwe, vamwe vese vaigona chete kuwanikwa. Mushure mechinguva, kana Dmitry anga atove nemukurumbira mumimhanzi denderedzwa, akakokwa manheru ekurangarira kweAkim Lvovich. Muumbi akauya ndokugoverana ndangariro dzechiitiko chekushanda naVolyn. Varanda vezuva racho vakatanga kutsamwa.
Muna 1923, Dmitry Dmitrievich vakapedza kudzidza kubva kuPetrograd Conservatory mukirasi yePiyo, uye mushure memamwe makore maviri mukirasi yekuumbwa. Iyo diploma basa remumhanzi waive symphony Nha. 1. Basa rakatanga kuzadzikiswa muna 1926 muLeningrad. Kunze kwekutanga kweSmphony kwakaitika gore gare gare muBerlin.
Zvisikwa
Mumakumi matatu ezana ramakore rapfuura, SHOSSAKEIVE yakaunzwa kune vateveri veKusunga kwake Opera "Lady Mcbet Mtsensky County". Pakati peino nguva, iye akapedzawo basa anopfuura mashanu ezvematidziro wake. Muna 1938, muimbi akaomesa "Jazz Suite". Chidimbu chakakurumbira chebasa iri chaive "Waltz Nha. 2".
Kuonekwa kwekutsoropodzwa muSoviet Dhindaingwo pamusoro pemumhanzi weShostakovich muchimanikidza kumumanikidza kuti adzorere kutarisa kwake rimwe basa. Neichi chikonzero, iyo yechina symphony haina kumiririrwa neruzhinji. SHOSTAKOIVI yakamira yakamira nguva pfupi isati yatanga. Veruzhinji vakanzwa chirangaridzo chechina mumakumi matanhatu ezana ramakumi maviri.
Mushure mekuvharirwa kweLiningrad, Dmitry Dmitrievich kwakataridzwa kuti wiring yebasa revakarasika uye rakatanga kuitisa matanho akachengetedzwa piyano piyano piano enosqule. Muna 1946, makopi echina symphony kuti zvishandiso zvese zvakawanikwa muzvitoro zvezvinyorwa. Pashure pemakore gumi nemashanu, basa rakaratidzwa kuruzhinji.
Hondo huru yekutamba yaShostakovich muLeningrad. Panguva ino, mutambi wacho akatanga kushanda mune yechinomwe symphony. Kusiya yakavharwa Leningrad, Dmitry Dmitrievich yakatora chirevo chenguva yemberi nyanzvi. Sevenomwe symphony yakaratidza SHOSEKAKOVIV. Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa se "Leningrad". Symphony akatanga kuzadzikiswa muukuysHEV muna Kurume 1942.
Kupera kwehondo SHOSOSKAKOMIVIRE PAKUTI NYAYA YENYAYA YEMABHUKU. Yake yekutanga yakaitika muLeningrad musi waNovember 3, 1945. Makore matatu gare gare, kunyorwa kwacho kwaive pakati pevaimbi vakauya kuOpal. Mimhanzi yake yaizivikanwa se "vanhu vanoremekedzwa nemumwe munhu." SHOSTAKEVIK YAKAITWA IYO Musoro wePurofiti Yakawanikwa muna 1939.
Kupiwa maitiro enguva, Dmitry Dmitrievich muna 1949 yakaunzwa kune yeruzhinji Cantatu "Rwiyo rweMasango". Basa guru rebasa raive rumbidzo yeSoviet Union uye kupora kwaro kukunda mumakore ekupedzisira. CantTA yakaunza iyo nyaradzi kune iyo stalin prize uye nzvimbo yakanaka yevatsoropodzi uye zviremera.
Muna 1950, muimbi akafuridzirwa nemabasa eBach uye nyika dzeLeipzig rakatanga chinyorwa chegumi nemana chinodururwa uye vanomutya piyano. Yegumi symphony yakanyorwa nemusinyi Dmitrievich muna 1953, mushure mekukanganisa kwemakore masere mukushanda pane symphony inoshanda mabasa ebasa.
Kwapera gore, mutambi akagadzira yegumi neimwe smphony, zita rekuti "1905". Muhafu yechipiri yemakumi mashanu, iyo comoseri yakawedzera kune iyo Instrument Concert Genrent. Mimhanzi yake yave kusiyana-siyana muchimiro uye mamiriro.
Mumakore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake, Shostakovich akanyora mamwe marudzi mana. Akavawo munyori wemabasa anoverengeka emazwi uye tambo yerima. Basa rekupedzisira reShostakovich raive Sonata weViola nepiyano.
Hupenyu Hwako
Vanhu vari padyo nemugadziri akarangarira kuti hupenyu hwake hwakatanga kubudirira. Muna 1923, Dmitry vakasangana nemusikana anonzi Tatiana Gylinee. Vechidiki vainzwa manzwiro avo, asi Shocakovich, akaremerwa nezvinodiwa, haana kutsunga kuita mutongo wediwa. Musikana aive nemakore gumi nemasere, akawana bato rakasiyana. Makore matatu gare gare, apo bhizinesi raShostakovich ratora zvishoma, akataura kuti Tatiza ribve pamurume wake kwaari, asi mudiwa wacho akaramba.
Mushure mechinguva, Shostakovich akaroora. Yake yakasanangurwa yaive Nina vazar. Mukadzi akapa dmitry dmitrivich makore makumi maviri ehupenyu uye akabereka vana vaviri. Muna 1938, shostakovich yakava baba kekutanga. Aive nemwanakomana airera. Mwana wechidiki mumhuri aive mwanasikana waGarina. Mukadzi wekutanga weShostakovich akafa muna 1954.
Muumbi wakaroora katatu. Imba yechipiri yakazova yekukasira, Margarita uye Dmitry Shoostakovich haana kufananidza mavara uye akakurumidza kuburitsa kurambana.
Kechitatu emunyori akaroora muna 1962. Mukadzi wemumhanzi akazova Irina Supsskaya. Mukadzi wechitatu akatarisira nokutendeka kweShoostakovich mumakore ekurwara.
Chirwere
Muhafu yechipiri yemakumi matanhatu, dmitry dmitrievich yakarwara. Chirwere chake hachina kuoneka kuongororwa, uye vanachiremba veSoviet vanongova maoko nemaoko avo. Muroora wenguva anoyeuka kuti murume wake akagadzwa vhitamini kosi kuti vadzore maitiro ekuvandudza chirwere, asi chirwere ichi chakafambira mberi.
SHOSSAKAKOMIRI YAKAITWA PAMUSORO PAKATI CHARCOT (LALLAGHTROPHIC SCLEROSIS). Kuedza kurapa muimbi kwakaita hunyanzvi hweAmerica uye vanachiremba veSoviet. Sekureva kwezano reRostropovich, SHOSTAKOVIRI yakaenda kuKurgan yekugamuchira kuna Dr. ILIZAV. Kurapwa kwakakurudzirwa nachiremba kwakabatsira kwechinguva. Chirwere chakaramba ichifambira mberi. SHOSTAKERIV AKADZWA NEMHARAIRI, YAKAITWA SEI BEAPT, Yakatora mishonga newachi. Nyaradzo kwaari yaive yekushanya nguva dzose kumakonzati. Mumufananidzo wemakore iwayo, mutambi anonyanya kuratidzwa nemukadzi wake.
Muna 1975, Dmitry Dmitrievich nemukadzi wake vakaenda kuLiningrad. Paive nekonsati, pane kuti romance yeShostakovich yakaitwa. Iyo artist yakakanganwa kupfuura yakanyanya kufadza munyori. Pakudzokera kumba, mumwe wako akonzera "ambulensi" kumurume wake. The shostakovich ichabvunza chirwere chemwoyo uye akatora mutambi kuchipatara.
Hupenyu hweDitry Dmitrievich dmitrievich rakaparadzanisa Nyamavhuvhu 9, 1975. Pazuva rino, aizotarisa nemukadzi wake wenhabvu muchipatara muchipatara. Dmitry vakatumira Irina netsamba, uye paakadzoka, mumwe wako anga atofa.
Muumbi akavigwa paNovderevichy Cemetery.