Biography
Izwi romurume uyu rakava munyori runyoro, riunzire muridzi wekubwinya, kukudzwa nekuvaka basa rehunyanzvi. Tarenda rakatanga, kunyange chipo, akaita Yuri Levitan mueni mumusha wega wega muSoviet Union. Akaunza mumhuri imwe neimwe inofara uye inoshungurudza, ruzivo rwakataurwa pamisangano yakakosha yekutonyanya kukosha.
Mutauri Levitan akazova izwi rezuva rose munhoroondo yenyika, richirarama pamwe chete pamwe nemimwe miedzo yakanyanya yakanyanya kukunda vanhu vanokunda. Mutsara "anodaro Moscow" yakava yakanyorwa kadhi Yuri Borisovich.
Iro zita chairo uye patronymic yeRevitani pakuzvarwa - Yuka Berkovich. Akazvarwa muna 1914 muguta reVladimir. Nyika yemhuri yaizivikanwa chaizvo uye pane zvekunze zviratidzo, uye nemazita - maJuda. Iye mukomana akasimuka, akaderera, achidada, aine chisimba chapel.
Kubva pazera rekare, Yuri akasiyaniswa pakati pevaridzi vezwi rinosimbisa - aigara achivabvunzwa kuti vange vanonzwika vakomana, uye ipapo inzwi raRevitani rinonzwika kunyange nerwizi. Jur iri rinonakidza raive peturu kubva kuvavakidzani vese, vaive neshamwari zhinji uye vakakura mwana anofara.
Sezvo achiri mudiki, Yuri ane chinangwa chekurota hupenyu hwake necinema, airota nezve mbiri uye ese-mubatanidzwa WEMukurumbira. Vakadaro kuti vakamhanyisa mumigwagwa uye vakakumbira kusiya autograph. MuVladimir, akagamuchira gwara kumasampuli muchikoro chehunyanzvi.
Mushure mekupedza chikoro, Revhitiko anosvika kuMoscow uye haapfuure nhanho yekusarudza yebasa rekugamuchira. Ehezve, mutambi muYuri Borisovich haana kuona - kukura kwakaderera, mutauro wakaonda, chitarisiko chimwe, kutaridzika kwechifananidzo chakajeka chakadzivirira mudzvanyiriri kuti uve nyeredzi yefirimu neterevhizheni.
Zvichida nyika yaisazive nezvaLevitan kana iyo iyo pachayo isina kumunetsa kuti aedze ruoko rwake paredhiyo. Ari munzira nesamples muchikoro chehunyanzvi, Yuri akaona chiziviso chisingadaviriki chekuti mutauri akavhurwa. Akasarudza kuwana rombo rakanaka uye haana kurasikirwa.
Ehe, komiti yekubvuma yekutanga haina kuoneka iye mukomana. Akaonekwa pamberi pechiitiko chemajaya asina musoro, mumitambo uye neisinganzwisisike hairstyle. Uyezve, aive nekusimbiswa kwakasimba kwedunhu. Nekudaro, Voice vaRevitani vakarova izwi - aive akajeka kwazvo, akasimba uye chigubhu, nguva yakatarwa yaisazowanzo, ingangoita yakasarudzika. Akabviswa pakarepo inhamba paredhiyo sechikamu cheboka revadzidzi mune radiocomite.
Yuri Borisovich akatanga nebasa remapepanhau emapepanhau uye vanokomborera kofi kune vakurukuri. Rakanga riri zuva, uye manheru aipedza maawa akawanda, achishanda pamusoro pekududzirwa kwake. Akaverenga zvese mumutsara - prose, nhetembo, nhau, akamira, akagara pasi, anogara achichinja chinzvimbo, dzimwe nguva kunyange kusimuka makumbo.
Mutauri wenguva yemberi wenyika wenhau reramangwana akabvisa iyo "Okane", akaisa mubvunzo uye akagadzira data rake rakapfuma rezwi. Ndakaita kuti inzwi rangu riwedzere kunyanyisa, meidic uye kupedza zvese. Zvishoma nezvishoma, zvakatanga kusunungurwa muhusiku ether - Revitan akaverenga nyaya dzepfungwa dzemafaro, kuitira kuti vagari vematunhu ari kure kwenyika vanogona kutanga vanzwa nhau dzakakosha kwazvo dzeMoscow.
Carier kutanga
Husiku hwakadai hwave hwenzvimbo yeYuri Borisovich. Ari mune tsika yakayerwa uye akaverenga nepepanhau rorarama, vachisvoda mwero wezuva rinouya riri munyika. Uye aisaziva kuti mumaminitsi mashoma aya munhu mukuru wenyika anoteerera kuhusiku hwake erher.
Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti musoro weSoviet Union wakashanda usiku uine anogamuchira redhiyo redhiyo. Uye iyo ine chivimbo, yakapfuma uye inoshamisa Izwi raRevitani rakanzwa uye raakafarira Josefa azvinonge. Joseph Visarionvich nekukurumidza musoro wenhepfenyuro uye akataura kuti mushumo wake weCongress paRadio anofanira kuverenga izvi kuzivisa, "izwi" iri.
Zuva rakatevera racho, Yuri, uyo ainetseka uye aive pedyo nekuregedza kuregera kubva mumitsipa, akagara pasi kuti averenge chirevo cheStalin mumhepo chaiyo. Munguva yakareba maawa mashanu, mushambadzi akaita basa iri, usambofa wakamhanyisa kana kuita chikanganiso. Saka, kutaura zvazviri, kwezuva rimwe, Revitan akava izwi guru renyika.
Izwi Rinokunda
Nguva yakaoma kwazvo yebasa raRevitan yakava, chokwadi, nguva kubva muna 1941 kusvika 1945. Ndiye uyo, akakunda kutya kwake uye kutya kwake, akazivisa vagari venyika iyo Hitler yakazivisa hondo kumubatanidzwa. Yaive Levitan iyo yakataura ruzivo rwese nezvehondo dzinosvika kutenderedza wachi kubva kuhofisi yeSoviet yeSoviet.Kwemakore mashanu ekureba, akashanda muchokwadi asina kuzorora - vagari veSoviet Union takamuka pamwe naye uye vakarara. Yury Borisovich Inzwi Rakatenderwa Varwi kumberi, vashandi vanosvika kumashure uye vanhu vakatora vanhu, vanhu mumaguta vaigara.
Muna 1941, Yuri akaturikwa kubva kuguta guru kuenda kuSverdlovsk, pamwe chete naye ndakaenda kubasa muzvakavanzika zvizere Olga Vysotskaya. Ivo vakabatira pamwe chete kuikorofoni, vachizivisa vagari vemuUSSR nezvekufambira mberi kwezviitiko, vachikurudzira tariro uye kutenda kwekuti kukunda kunogoneka uye kunogoneka.
Pane bonde kuti kusonganira pakati peRevitan uye amburinda pamusoro pevaGermans kwaive kwakadikanwa kwazvo pakati pevanhu vanonzi Hitler kuti vawane uye kusimudzira mari yekuzivisa, vachienzanisa huwandu hwakakura hwerufu rwake.
Muna 1945, Revhitiko akaudza kuti kukunda kwakamirirwa kwenguva refu pamusoro pemuvengi. Zvaive zvine musoro - chete Yuri Borisovich, uyo akaverenga chiziviso chekutanga kwehondo, aigona kuzadzisa ichi chinorwadza nhoroondo yenhoroondo yenyika.
Post-Makore
Pashure pehondo, mushambadzi akamira kushanda paradio, achiverenga nhau dzose. Izwi rakabatana nevagari vese veUSSR nenhau huru, yakaoma uye yakakomba, yaisakwanisa kuchinjaniswa nekuda kwekupfuura mameseji emashoko. Revhitani anotanga nezwi rezvinyorwa zvehondo, anotungamira kutapurirana pamusoro pevaterans, kuitisa mishumo kubva kuzvinhu zvikuru zveNyika pane zvimedu zvechitsvuku.
Vashoma vanhu vanoziva, asi kusvika kuma60-75 pakutaura kwaRevitani pairadi radio kwakaitwa mupenyu, saka hapana zvinyorwa zvemashoko ake redhiyo. Vese vhezheni iyi, iyo muRussia yemazuva ano inoonekwa seyakaiswa "Revhitiko, uyo anozivisa nezvehondo", akanyatsorondedzera zvakasiyana, makore mazhinji gare gare. Ivo havana avo vasina manzwiro ekunyepedzera vakapukunyuka mumwaka wekodhi, asi kazhinji unopa zano rerudzi rweYuri Borisovich mumakore ehondo.
Yuri Borisovich yakava mutauri wekutanga munhoroondo yenyika, iyo yakagamuchira musoro wevaimbi.
Rufu
Revhitiko akaramba ari mukuru wepasi rose basa rose rebasa, saka mazuva ese akakosha uye zvikonzero zvine chekuita nehondo yerudo haina kubatwa pasina kutora chikamu chake. Muna 1983, mukurukuri mukuru akakokwa kumusha kwavo, kuDunhu reBelgorod, nekuda kwechiitiko chekutora chikamu chehondo veterans pedyo neKurk. Kunyangwe rwendo rurefu, Yuri rwakacherekedza kuti aive asina hutano.
Revhitiko akafunga kuenda akasimba, asi hapana munhu aitarisira kuti kupisa kusingadzoreki uye zuva raizotungamira pakurwiswa kwemoyo. Chikonzero cherufu chaive cherufu, zera uye kutadza kwemoyo kurwisa kumashure kwekudziya kwakanyanya kwemweya kwakatungamira kune zvinoitika zvinosiririsa.
Mariro emunhu uyu akakura akaitika muMoscow, guva raLevitani riri paCometevichy Cemetery.
Hupenyu Hwako
Iye aive akakurumbira nyika, asi pamberi peRevitani, zvikamu zvoga zvangoziva vashoma shamwari, shamwari nehama. Yuri Borisovich aive nezwi rine ngano dzaisaruramisa nechitarisiko chake. Izvi zvakamupa kodzero yekuvanzika pasina kupindira kubva kune vakasarudzika vanopfuura-nevateveri.
Yuri Levitan aive nemhuri yakaziviswa kwemakore 11 makore - mukadzi ane rudo uye vana vakadzidza. Nekudaro, imba yemuchato yakawa, mumwe wako weinzwi guru reSoviet Union akaenda kune mumwe murume, achisiya mhuri. Nenzira, muchato wechipiri ane mukadzi haana pakupedzisira refu, iye akasiya uye kubva murume uyu nemwanakomana kake.
Yuri haana kugumisa muchato wechipiri nemumwe mukadzi, akasara chaizvo mumwe kusvika pakupera kwemazuva ake. Akatanga kugara pamwe chete naiye aimbova vamwene vake, akakunda mukwasha. Gare gare, mwanasikana womusango waRevitan akabatana navo mumba. Mwanasikana paakazotanga mhuri yake uye akabereka Mwanakomana, Yuri Borisovich akaenda kune imwe furati muchivakwa chekugara.
Mumhuri yaRevitani mushure mekufa kwake, njodzi huru yakaitika - pakutanga kwemireniyumu nyowani, mwanasikana wake mumwe chete akaurayiwa. Iko kunonyanya kufungidzira yaive muzukuru yerury Borisovich, aive naamai vake mukamuri panguva yekufa. Kuuraya kwakange kwasvika sei, uye kuti zvakatungamirwa kuIye - icho chichine chikonzero. Iri bhizinesi rakafukidzwa zvakanyanya mumuchina.