Biography
Matilda Ksesskaya haasi kungoita ballerina ane hunyanzvi ane hunyanzvi hwekuita kugona kwevanhu venguva dzose. Iye ndiye mumwe wevanhu vane simba kwazvo veanonoka Xix - Pakutanga XX Century. Muenzaniso wekukosha kwayo mazwi emutungamiriri weMutungamiriri Wemutungamiriri weMutungamiriri weGrand Madula Nikolai Nikolayevich. Munguva yehondo yenyika yekutanga, kana mauto ehumambo hweRussia kubva pakushayiwa kwemashopu, akatambura kuti aive asina simba rekuita chimwe chinhu, sezvo Matilda Ksessaya Ballerina anokanganisa zviratidziro uye anotora chikamu chekugoverwa kwemirairo pakati pemasangano akasiyana siyana.
Matilda Ksesinskaya akaberekwa musi wa14 Nyamavhuvhu 31, 1872 mumhuri yekusika. Baba - Russian Pole Felix Ksesinsky, Vakadzingwa Kubva kuPoland Nikolay I SEZVAKAWANDA NYAYA YADZIDZO WEMUNHURA, Amai - Yulia Shooming, Hupfumi muchirikadzi yeBallet Dancer ice. Sister Matilda - Ballerina Yulia Ksessaya (inonzi "Ksesinskaya 1st", muwanano yeZedder), Hama - Dancer uye Chief Chemister Joseph Ksessky.
Musikana anopinda chikoro chemitambo yemitambo uye muna 1890 anopera. PaPamariro, mhuri yese yeumambo yakapinda, uye pakudya kwemanheru eKitseka akagara padivi pemugari wechigaro cheushe, Nikolai. Ipapo Alexander III, nekunakidzwa, tevera mafambiro eMambolda, anotaura mazwi emazwi ekupedzisira:
"Madmoiselle! Simbiso uye kukudza ballet yedu! ".Matilda anogamuchirwa muvheti yeMariinsky Theatre, pane iyo Imperi Stage yeiyo Ksesinskaya 2nd (1st zviri pamutemo inonzi hanzvadzi yake Yulia) yakatamba kwemakore 27.
Basa muMariinsky Theatre
Matilda Ksessaya akatamba mumba masaini Marius petipa uye eshumba Ivanova (aive mumwe wevadzidzisi vake muchikoro). Zvekutanga zvekuita Ksesinsky - Fairy Dragee mu "Nutcracker", Kufa muzita rimwe chete, Odetta-Odent mu "Lake Swan", Nicia In "Bayaderka".
Mushure mekuenda kuItari, iyo Karlotta yeBrianz akaenda kune yake yeiyo princess Aurora muBallet "yekurara runako".
Mushure memakore matanhatu ebasa muTheatre, Ksessaya yakapihwa chimiro che "Prima-Ballerina Imperial Vatyairi", kunyangwe paine zvinopesana neBalletMaster yePetipa. Maererano nemamwe mishumo, kwaive kubatana kuChivanze Bible Bible Beldal Pamusoro weBallet Hierarchy.
Nekuda kwaizvozvo, mavhawa mashoma chete anounzwa, ayo akazobatanidzwa mune rondedzero ye ballet nhaka. Semuenzaniso, muna 1894, pachiitiko chekuroora kweMuchato weKensia, Alexandrovna naAlexandrovna naAlexandrovna naAlexandrovna naAlexandran Alexander Mikhalovich, "
Pasinei nechimiro chakatsiga muTheatre, Matilda Kshesin anogara achivandudza maitiro aro, kubva muna 1898 kushanyira zvidzidzo zvakavanzika kubva kumudzidzisi anozivikanwa Encso chekketne. Akave akazova wekutanga Russian Ballerina akaita makumi matatu nemauto mumutsara pachikuva.
Muna 1904, Matilda Ksesinskaya akarega kukumbira zvake kubva kuimba yemariinsky, mushure mekubatsirwa kwainge kwapfuura chibvumirano. Akawana mazana mashanu emakumi mashanu ekubuda kweega ega kusvika padanho, uye akazotevera kubhadhara kwacho kwakawedzera kusvika kuma750 rubles.
Bellerina kakawanda akataura kuti maartist ekudzidza evadzidzi anogona kutamba chero chinhu, zvaisave nemukana kuti zvawakakokwa kumaitiro emikin fokin: "Kotika" (1907), "Butterfly" (1912), "Eros" (1915) .
Kushamisika
Matilda Ksesinskaya mune yega nzira dzinogona kupokana nekukoka kuTroupe yemaraki ekunze. Akaedza kuratidza nezvenzira dzese dzekuti Russian Ballerinas dzakakodzera mabhegi makuru, nepo vazhinji vavo vakapiwa kune vatorwa artists.
Italian Ballerina Pierin Lunyani aiwanzoita kushamisika, iyo, kunyangwe mamiriro ezvinhu ekurindira, akashanda muMariinsky Theatre kwemakore masere. Asi pesvedzero yaMatilda haina kumira murairo weMambo volkonsky, uyo akabva Theatre mushure mekuramba kuramba ballet "Catarina, mwanasikana wegororo". Iyo Influelential Ballerina pacharo inonzi chigumbuso chekati yeiyo sutu yeRussia kutamba kubva kuKamargo Ballet.
Muna 1899, hope dzake dzakareba dzakareba dzakazadziswa - Marius Petipov anomupa mabiko eEsmeralda, uye ipapo ipapo iye abva pabasa iro rine basa iri, rinokonzera vaunoshanda navo. Pamberi peMatilda, iyi batch yakaitwa chete Illiaan.
Pamusoro peBallerinas Kunze, "muvengi wake akaipisisa" Ksitskaya akaona kurongeka kwe "mwaka weRussia" "Sergey Dyagilev. Akamukoka kuti aite muLondon, uyo anokwezva matako akawanda kupfuura Paris. Kune izvi, ballerina aifanirwa kutora mukana wezvekubatana kwake uye "punch" yeDyagilev mukana wekutaurira nemabhizimusi wake muSt. Petersburg uye kugamuchira kunonoka kwechiuto cheNizhusky, uyo akava mauto-anosungirwa. Nekuti kutaura kweKsesinsky, iyo Nguruve yakasarudzwa, uye yakanga isiri mukana - Saka Dyagilev akawana mukana wekuzvishongedza kwaari.
Iko kuedza hakuna kushongedzwa korona nekubudirira. Uyezve, Dyagilev akatamwira pasina kukosha kwechikumbiro, kuti muranda wake akanyatsomupa zvakamupa kuti aputiwe.
Hupenyu Hwako
Hupenyu hwega hweMatilda kshesin chiitiko chakazara pane chakazara pane chekuita neanonyora basa reBallerina. Mahara ake akapindirana zvakanyanya nevamiriri veRomanov Dynasty.
Zvinotendwa kuti kubva muna 1892 kusvika 1894 Iye aive mistress yeKesarevich Nikolai AlexandRovich. Pashure pokunge azivikanwa, anogara achimushanyira kuitirwa kwake, hukama hwavo huri kukudziridza nekukurumidza, kunyangwe munhu wese achiziva kuti ruzha rune mugumo unofadza. Kuti titeerere nehope dzeKsessaya, kujairwa kwerudzi rwechirungu rakatengwa, kwavaisangana pasina kukanganiswa.
"Wadanana nemugari wemufaro wemusangano wekutanga. Mushure menguva yezhizha muEzhizha weSelo, pandaigona kusangana uye nditaure naye, ini ndaigona kungofunga nezvomweya, uye ndaigona kungofunga nezvake ... ", anonyora chiuno neKsessaya mu diary yake.Chikonzero chekudonha kwehukama neramangwana Nikolai II ndanga ndichiita basa reMambokadzi weVictoria Alicsadt muna Kubvumbi 1894.
Pane izvi, kutaurirana kwakananga kwemaruva ehupenyu hwemhuri yehumambo kwaisadarika - Matilda Ksessaya kwaisanganisira hukama hwepedyo nemachinda makuru eSergey Mikhalovich uye Andrei vladimirovich. Musi wa5 Gumiguru 15, 1911, ari mushonga wepamusoro, iyo Patronymic "Sergeevich" akagamuchira mwanakomana wake Vladimir, akazvarwa musi waJune 18, 1902 muRwizi. Mumhuri yake, ainzi "Vova", uye akagamuchira zita rinoti "krasainsky".
Ndira 17, 1921 Mune Cannes mugwara ngirozi Church Church Church Church Ksitskaya muchato weGorlinic neGrand Cuke Andrey Vladimirovich, uyo akatanga mwanakomana wake uye akapa zita repakati. Muna 1925, Matilda Felixesn akatama kubva kuCatholicism muOrthodoxy nezita Maria.
Musi waNovember 30, 1926, hama yangu Nikolai II Kirillai Vazukuru vakamugovana vakamupa mazita emusoro uye zita remuchinda Krasinsky, uye musi waChikunguru 28, 1935 - Machinda anopenya eRanovsky-Krasinsky.
Mukutama
MunaFebruary 1917, Ksitskaya, pamwe chete neMwanakomana wake, akamanikidzwa kudzungaira pane dzimba dzemumwe munhu, arega kurasa renzvimbo yehurumende yezvinhu - dzimba dzevateresi revaLeninists ", uye dzimba. Anosarudza kuenda kuKislovodsk kumuchinda Andrei vladimirovich mune tariro yekuenda kumba munguva pfupi.
"Mumoyo momweya wangu kurwa pfungwa yekufara kuona Andrei uye kunzwa kuzvidemba kwehana, yandinosiya sergey yega muguta guru, kwaakange ari mungozi nguva dzose. Mukuwedzera, zvakandiomera kuti nditore hondo kubva kwaari, maasina kunetseka, "anodaro Memoirs's Kmemoirs.
Chikunguru 13, 1917 Anosiya petrograd zvachose.
Mukutanga kwa1918, bolshevism wave, "uye Ksitskaya neVova, sevapoteri, vari kuenda kuAnapa kuchisarudzo chaAmai Andrei, mwanth mumuchinja Marlevna. 1919 yakaitwa mukugadzikana KISLOVODSK, kubva kupi, muchitima kubva kumotokari mbiri, vapoteri vakaenda kuNovorossiysk. Sezvineiwo, Maria Pavlovna akamhanyisa mukirasi yekutanga, nepo Matilda neVova yakapihwa yechitatu.
Mamiriro ekurarama akaramba achishatisa - 6 vhiki yakanyanya kwazvo yaigara zvakananga mumagazini apo denderedzwa remusoro wakatora vanhu. Ipapo vanofamba nechikepe kubva Novorossiyk uye vanogashira visa yeFrance. 12 (25) Kurume 1920, mhuri yakasvika mu cap d'ai, apo villerina Ballerina yaivepo.
Muna 1929, Matilda Ksesinsaya akavhura yake Ballet Studio muParis. Mudzidzisi Ksesinsky akasiyaniswa nehasha dzakadzikama - haana kuzombosimudzira inzwi rake kumatsani.
Mafirimu nemabhuku
Iyo Biography yeMatilda Ksesinsky akapfuma mune zviitiko uye vanhu vanozivikanwa chaizvo - chinyorwa chinowanzovhenekerwa muhunyanzvi. Saka, muuto "Conuration, kana yekupedzisira yezvebhuku" kubva munhevedzano "adventures of erast fandorin" Boris akanin inotsanangura kugadzirira kweMambo Nicholas II. Mumwe wevatambi - Isabella Feliciananovna snezhnevskaya, iyo prototype yeiyo Matilda Felixesna iye.Mune rimwe basa, Matilda Ksesinskaya isarudzo yakakosha. Musi wa6 Gumiguru, 2017, mufananidzo mutsva wedzidziso yeMambo yaAlexei ichaunza, iyo yakakonzera rudzidziso rweruzhinji pamberi pemukuru wake. Urongwa hwefirimu riri muhukama hweKSFEARY Nikolai AlexandRovich, Ramangwana Emperor Nikolai II.
Iyo scandaal yakamuka mushure mekusunungurwa kweiyo yekutanga yepamutemo turera, ine zviyero zvechisimba zvisikwa nekutora chikamu kwevatambi veMikhalin Olshanshansky uye Lars UDINGER.
Traffic yeruzhinji "Tsarsky Cross" achipomera vagadziri vependi mu "kukanganisa kwezviitiko zvezvakaitika" uye "kutsamwisa kweRussia uye kumhosva kwetsika mutsika." Izvi zvakakurudzira Natalia Poklonskaya, anozivikanwa nekuda kwekunamata kwake Nikolai II, bata hofisi yemuchuchisi general nechikumbiro chekutarisa izvo zvinyorwa.
Chekutarisa hazvina kuburitsa kutyorwa, asi wakatanga kutevedzana kwekukwiridzira uye kupomerwa kwevanhu veruzhinji, vezvematongerwo enyika nevezvemafiridzi.
Rufu
Pazera ramakore makumi masere nemasere, vane makore gumi nematatu kusvika kurufu, Matilda Felixeskaya akaona hope, akanzwa mufananidzo weAlexander III, akataura mutsara wekushongedza nekubwinya kweiyo yeRussian Ballet. Vaya mangwanani akasarudza kunyora memoirs, akatsigira chidzitiro chezvakavanzika zveKuzi Kesinsky.
Ndangariro dzeMatilda Ksessaya dzakabudiswa muna 1960 muParis muFrench. MuRussia, basa rakabudiswa chete muna 1992.
Ballerina akasarudzika airarama hupenyu hwakareba - akafa aine makore 99 Mwedzi mishoma pasati pasvika muzana risati rasvika, December 5, 1971.
Mutumbi wake unovigwa kuSt. Geneva de Bou Cemetery muParishb weParis muGuva rimwe newawakaroorana neMwanakomana wake. Iyo Epitaph inoshandiswa kune iyo chifananidzo: "Mamburinda akanyarara Maria Felixesna Romanovskaya-Krasinskaya, Honinskaya, Honssaya, Anokudzwa Artist of Imperial Arters Ksessaya."