Biography
Legend's Legend Nile Olden Armstrong Armstrong muWapakoneta, muUSA, Ohio, Nyamavhuvhu 5, 1930. Vabereki vaNire vane hunhu hwakadai hwakadai sekuzvininipisa uye kuzvipira, pamwe nemusanganiswa unoputika weGerman, reropa neIrish.
Makore mazhinji gare gare, muna 1972, venyeredzi vakashanyira nyika yemadzitateguru ake, muGuta reLanghwm, paAkasira, kwaakapiwa zviri pamutemo musoro wenyaya yekukudzwa, semuviri wakatanhamara weimba yemidziyo.
Mukuninhira mune ramangwana reCosmos aive nemunun'una uye hanzvadzi: Dean naJun. Neil aive achiri mwana, mhuri yaiwanzotamira, sezvo baba vake vakashanda semufananidzo pasi pehurumende yeUS. Usati wagara muOhio muna 1944, armstrongs akachinja maguta makumi maviri. Mune wapakontontenteu neal akapedza chikoro chesekondari.
Mafungiro makuru emukomana aive ndege uye nhengo muClub vakomana vakomana. Mumativi ese ari maviri, iyo yechikoro yakawana kubudirira kwakakosha: Sechikamu chekufamba kwevakomana, kuti mukomana akagamuchira zita repamusoro reEagle Scout, uye rezinesi rekutyaira rechikoro cheguta raimbova rezinesi rekutyaira. Saka, ramangwana remberi rakava mutyairi wehunyanzvi kwemakore 16, uye kubva zvino ari paBiography yake yakabatana zvisingaenzaniswi nedenga.
Muna 1947, murume wechidiki akapinda muYunivhesiti Perdy, kwaakadzidza midziyo yekufambisa uye indasitiri. Kuongororwa kwemurume uyu kwaive pakati, uye koreji yavo yakabhadhara iyo mamiriro mukutsinhana nekuzvipira kwemakore matatu kubatira muchiuto. Mushure meuto, armstrong rakadzokera kuyunivhesiti, kwaaidzidza mamwe makore maviri.
Nguva yekudana kuhondo for nire Armstrong yakabatana nehondo muKorea. Kubva muna 1949, kubhururuka kwekutanga kweNire kwakasangana nendege inoshanda, uye munguva yekuvigira kubva 1949 kusvika 1949 kusvika 1952 akagadzira akawanda asinga makumi manomwe nematanhatu. Ipapo Neil aive mutyairi wemutyairi webhomba uye mune imwe yemabasa akapfurwa nemauto emuvengi.
Kune mauto anokodzera Armstrong akapiwa matatu ekurumbidza mibairo. Muna 1952, Nile akabatana neUS Navy seyekuedza mutyairi.
NASA
Iyo nzira yeNILE Armstrong kubva kune mutyairi kune nyeredzi, ndiani akazova gamba revanhu vese akange akareba uye akasanganisira matanho anotevera:
- Muna 1956, armstrong yakaendeswa kuchiteshi chechiteshi chemhando yepamusoro yekumhanya, iyo yakaitwa naNASA, uko ndege nyowani dzaive dzichisangana;
- Kubva kuna June kusvika Nyamavhuvhu 1958, akaedzwa sechikepe pasi pepfungwa yemauto emauto;
- Kubva muna Gumiguru 1958, armstrong yakave muboka revatyairi vanoita zvekuedza vanoedza ndege X-15, kubva muna 1960 kusvika 1962 akawana ndege 7, asi isina kumbobvira yasvika muganho nenzvimbo;
- Muna 1960, Nile Armstrong akanyoreswa muboka rechipiri revazivi venyeredzi, NASA akasarudzwa kubva kuvakwikwidzi 250.
Muna 1966, kuve mukuru wechikepe gemini 8, neil armstrong yekutanga yakashanyira nzvimbo. Nekuda kwekukanganisa, zvizhinji zvizere zvibodzwa hazvina kumbobvira zvawanikwa, asi nebasa guru, iyo yaive dock ne rocket Agenta, nyeredzi dzakarondedzerwa.
Kubhururuka uye kutangisa pamwedzi
Musi waChikunguru 16, 1969, "Apollo - 11" yakatangwa neRactemidrome paCape, pasi pemurairo weArmstrong. Pamwe chete nemutungamiriri, Michael Collins, mutyairi we "columbia" compartment, uye edwinre, anozivikanwa zvakare seye bazzin yekare - mutyairi weiyo erel module.
Mushure memaawa zana nemakumi matatu ekutiza mune iyo orbita yemwedzi, kwaive nekureba kwemanyorerwe emucheka ne Oldrin uye Armstrong muchikepe, chakakurumidza kusimudzwa mugungwa rekugadzikana. Mamiriro ezvinhu akasarudzika aitika asati atanga pamusoro pechiso: Kumanikidza kuri kukura mumufuta wechiFueri kwakatungamirwa kuputika. Mushure mekunetsa, venyeredzi vakavhura hatch.
Yekutanga yenyeredzi yakauya naNile Armstrong, uye waunoshanda naye akatora iyi nhoroondo yenguva yefirimu. Panguva imwe chete iyoyo, kaputeni "Apollo - 11" akadaro mutsara unozivikanwa unonzwika uchirarama maererano nenyika:
"Iri ndiro danho rimwe diki remunhu, asi kusvetuka kukuru kwevanhu vese."ASTRONAUNT yakagara pamusoro peSatellite Maawa 2,5, kuunganidza ivhu sampuli, kusiya capsule nemitauro yemitauro 74 uye kuisa mureza weUS. Vakaita mifananidzo yakawanda yenhoroondo uye mapepa evhidhiyo, achiparidza chokwadi chekugara kwemunhu pane mwedzi.
Pashure pacho, pakaitwa zvinyorwa zvinoitwa nevazivikanwe, vaongorori nemasayendisiti vakaramba vachimutsa mubvunzo uyo Nile Armstrong ivhu revaLunar? Pamusoro pemutsara unozivikanwa mufirimu, iwe unogona kunzwa mazwi anoti: "Rombo rakanaka, Mr. Gorson!".
Armstrong yakaramba ichibvunzwa nezvemunhu uyu asinganzwisisike mukubvunzana kwakawanda, asi iye aingosarudzwa. Uye mushure memakore mazhinji chete, vafambi vakataura kuti skish isinganzwisisike ndiyo muvakidzani wake apo Nile iye achiri mukomana. Kuburuka kuseri kwebhora kunzvimbo yekuvakidzana, anotsvaga netsaona evaroorani evaroora evabuki panguva yepedyo. Madame Gorson akaramba mukadzi mumwe mukadzi chikumbiro, achiti aizogutsa, "Kana muvakidzani mukomana achimhanya achitenderera mwedzi." Nekuda kweizvozvo, mazwi ake aive chiporofita.
Chikwata cheApolo-11 chakachengetwa zvakachengeteka musi waChikunguru 24, 1969, kunyangwe kusimuka kubva kumwedzi hazvina kudhura pasina kushamisika kusingafadzi. Kudzokera kumucheto wepamhepo, nyeredzi dzakawana kuti iyo Injini yekutanga bhatani rakakuvadzwa. Mamiriro ezvinhu akange akatsoropodza, sezvo rubatsiro kubva kuvhu rwaizosvika kumwedzi mukati mevashandi vemazuva matatu vanowanikwa panguva yekugona. Chishamiso chinjini chakachengetedzwa kutanga, uye chekutanga kubhururuka kwemunhu pane mwedzi wakapera nekukunda kwakakwana.
Shanyira muUSSR
Muna May 1970, armstrong akashanyira leningrad sechikamu cheiyo NASA ngarava. Pane izvi, kushanya kweiyo nyeredzi yakakurumbira muUSSR haina kupera. Mushure memusangano weLarenrad, vamiriri veNASA vakaenda kuMoscow.
Sekureva kweMumoirs yeArmstrong, musangano naMascovites wakaenda nekudziya zvakanyanya, asi zvese zvaakarangarirwa kuti vazivikanwe nechirikadzi dzeSoviet cosmonaus: Vladimir komarov. Munguva yemusangano wepamutemo nevamiriri vehutungamiriri hweNyika, NILE Armstrong Kosygin, Sachigaro weCanzuru yeVashumiri, Samples of Lunar ivhu uye mureza weUSSR, uyo akashanyira mwedzi.
Kusimba: Ngano kana Chokwadi?
Uye panguva yehupenyu hweArmstrong, uye mushure mekufa kwake nezvake uye nezvikwangwani zvakawanda zvakafamba munzira yekufamba kuenda kumwedzi. Saka, kwenguva yakati pane imwe nguva yaive dzidziso yekuti mushure mekunge munyadzho wakaonekwa nenyeredzi paSatellite yakagamuchira chiIslam uye yakava Muslim. Iyi ngano haina chero chikonzero, kunze kwekufanana kweanofanana nemazita - Rebhanoni muUnited States uye nyika yechiMuslim yezita rimwe chete.
Hot spores inoperekedza zvirevo zvakawanda zvevatapi venhau uye "vaongorori" kuti neil armstrong yakanga isiri pamwedzi. Mabhuku akati wandei uye zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvakaburitswa, mafirimu akati wandei aive akabatanidzwa, achigadzira ngano yekuvapo kweAmerican nyeredzi paMwedzi. Mune imwe yetsandori yakanzi iyo zvinyorwa zvehuni nezve Ndege yaitya yakakurumbira Stanley Kubrick, uye vashandi vese vakapfurwa mumhepo.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, aya mabhuku akasarudzika, uye mabhuku uye cinema - ngano yehunyanzvi. Kunyangwe maSoviet cosmonts akasimbisa chokwadi chekuvapo kwechikwata cheApolgo mumwedzi, kucherechedza kuti mamwe mapuranga anogona kunge akaitwa pasi pano - kuti "kujekesa."
Hupenyu Hwako
Hupenyu hwega hwezvakafanana neyakajeka. Pasinei nekudzidziswa nguva dzose uye ndege, Nile Armstrong yakaroora kaviri. Nemukadzi wekutanga, Janet Sheroni neil akasangana mushure mekudzokera kuyunivhesiti, muchato wavo wakaitika muna 1956. Panguva imwe chete iyoyo, Janet akamanikidzwa kusiya zvidzidzo zvake uye kugadzira imba, yaakazotaurira.
Vaviri vacho vaive nevana vatatu: vanakomana vaErieri naMako nemwanasikana waKarari, vakaurayiwa pamusuwo kubva kuhuropi bundu.
Muna 1994, Neil akarambana Janet uye akaroora Carol Knight, kwaakararama kusvika kwa228.
Rufu
Chikonzero chekufa kweiyo nyeredzi yakakurumbira, iyo iri mumakore makumi manomwe yekurega kubva kuNASA, inodzidziswa kuyunivhesiti uye iine bhizinesi, yakave nematambudziko ekushanda.
Maererano netsika yeUS Navy, panguva yemariro, mariro eAstronau akabvisirwa pamusoro peAtlantic Ocean.