Biography
All-Russian Emperor Alexander Alexander Aleksandrovich Romanov akaberekwa musi waFebruary 26 (maererano nechimiro chekare) ye1845 muSt. Baba vake vaive Emperor-Reformer Alexander II, naamai - vahosi Maria Alexandrovna. Iye mukomana aive mumwana wechitatu mumhuri, maiva nevamwe vana vashanu. Mukoma wake mukuru Nicholas aigadzirira kutonga, uye Alexander akagadzirirwa nedzimba dzehondo.
Muhudiki, maSesarevich aibatira pasina kushingairira, uye mudzidzisi aisangopera. MuMumino Vemumhudzi Vakararama, Adhazari Alexander anga asina kunyatsochenjera, asi aive nepfungwa dzakanaka uye chipo chekufunga.
Nerav Alexander aive nemutsa uye anonyara zvishoma, kunyangwe nhamba yacho yaisazozivikanwa: Paaive akakwira muna 193 cm, uremu hwayo hwakasvika pa120 kg. Pasinei nekutarisa kwake kwakasimba, jaya rinodiwa art. Akatora zvidzidzo zvekupenda purofesa tikhodova uye aiita mimhanzi. Alexander akashandisa mutambo pamishonga yemhangura uye yemapuranga emhepo zviridzwa. Pashure pacho, iye achatsigira hunyanzvi hwepombiyamu hwakawanda uye aine huremu hwakakwana muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva huchaunganidza muunganidzwa wakanaka wemabasa neRussia artists. Uye muEpera vatambi vane ruoko rwake rwechiedza, kuwanda kweRussia uye mabhora anotanga kuisa kazhinji kazhinji kupfuura European.
Cesarevichi Nikolai naAlexander vaive pedyo zvakanyanya kune mumwe nemumwe. Munun'una mudiki akatopokana kuti pakanga pasina munhu wepedyo uye aidiwa naye, kunze kweNICHALLAS. Naizvozvo, kana muna 1865, mugari wenhaka wechigaro muRwendo rwechiItaly uye akangoerekana afa neSpinal Tuberculosis, Alexander akatadza kutora kurasikirwa uku kwenguva yakareba. Mukuwedzera, zvakazova iye akazova iye anenge achikumbira chigaro, icho Alexander asina kugadzirira zvachose.
Boartiers amajaya pane imwe nguva yakauya kuzotyisa. Mumwe murume wechidiki akakurumidza kugadzwa nekukurumidza nzira yakakosha iyo Konstantin Victorian Pentor Angangaverengera. Mushure mekuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwoUmambo, Alexander achaita kuti murayiridzo wake apiwe uye achamubata kusvikira kumagumo ehupenyu hwake. Mumwe mubatsiri Zesarevich akagadzwa Nikolay AlexandRovich kachlov, uyo wechidiki akafamba naye rwendo kuenda kuRussia.
Muchato pane Chigaro
Pakutanga kwaKurume 1881, mushure mekunge mumwe kuuraya Alexander II, mambo Alexander II akafa, mwanakomana wake nekukurumidza kuchigaro. Mwedzi miviri gare gare, Emperor mutsva akagadzira pachena "madhayekuratidzira kwekusangana kwehupfumi", izvo zvinoonekwa zvinoonekwa zvakasununguka zvakasununguka munyika yakagadzwa nababa vake.
Chakavanzika chemuchato chakaitika Umambo gare gare - musi waMay 15, 1883 mune fungidziro yeCayhew yeMoscow Kremlin. Munguva yekutonga, mhuri yehumambo yakatamira kumuzinda muAngerchina.
Yemukati Policy Alexander III
Alexander III akaomerera pakudaidza madzishe uye nheyo dzenyika, zviito zvawo muzvematongerwo enyika zvaizodaidzwa kuti ndezvekunyepedzera. Emambo wekutanga akasaina mitemo yakatumira rugare rwevashumiri veushumiri. Pakati pavo paiva Prince Konstantin Nikolaevich, M. T. Loris-Melikova, D. A. Milyutin, A. A. Abaza. Akaita K. P. Victoronezzhev, N. Ignatieva, D. A. NdiTolstoy, M. N. Katkova kubudikidza anokosha inofananidza zvakavapoteredza.
Muna 1889, wezvematongerwo enyika ane tarenda uye maricier s. Yu. Wirte, uyo Alexander Alexandrovich akakurumidza akagadza guru uye mushumiri wekutaurirana munguva pfupi. Sergey Yulievich akaita zvakawanda kune iyo huru Russia. Akaunza rubu negoridhe renyika, iyo yakakonzera kusimbiswa kwemari yeRussia mumusika wepasi rose. Izvi zvakatungamira kuchokwadi chekuti kuyerera kwemari yekune imwe nyika kuHusto Humambo kwakawedzera, uye hupfumi hwakatanga kuvandudza kumhanya. Mukuwedzera, akaita zvakawanda zvekusimudzira nekuvakwa kwenyika yeTrans-Siberia nzira, iyo ichiri nzira chete yekubatanidza Vladivostok naMoscow.
Pasinei nenyaya yekuti kune varimi Alexander III akasimbisa kodzero yekuwana dzidzo yekugamuchira iyo sarudzo, Akavapa mukana wekutora chikwereti chakaderera kuti uwedzere kupurika kwavo uye kusimbisa chimiro chavo pasi pano. Kune vakuru, iye Emperor akasumawo kurambidzwa. Wakatove mugore rekutanga rebhodhi, akadzima kubhadhara kwese kubva kuChipfuyo cheMambo Kupfuura, uye akaitawo zvakawanda kuti apedze huwori.
Alexander III akasimbisa kuongorora kwevadzidzi, akagadzika muganho wevanhu vevadzidzi vechiJudha mune ese masangano ezvedzidzo, akatsamwa. Musangano wake wakava mutsara uyu: "Russia yeRussia." Pakunze kweHumambo, akazivisa nehurema hwakatenderwa.
Alexander III akawandisa kune iyo metallurgical indasitiri uye kukura kweoiri uye gasi mumigodhi. Nayo, boom chaiyo yakatanga kuvandudza kugara zvakanaka kwevanhu, uye kutyisidzira kwehugandanga kwakamira zvizere. Ndakaita akawanda autocrats uye e orrthodoxy. Nebhodhi rayo, nhamba yedareka dzakawedzera, matsva manies uye matembere akavakwa. Muna 1883, chimwe chezvivakwa zvinoshamisa kwazvo zvakavakwa - Chechi yaKristu Kristu Muponesi.
Mukodhi, mushure mekutonga kwake, Alexander III akabva munyika nehupfumi hwakasimba.
Alexander III YEMAHARA YEMAHARA
Emperor Alexander III neuchenjeri hwake mune zvekunze zvemutemo zviitiko uye kudzivirira kwehondo dzakapinda nyaya semuti wejeri. Asi panguva imwe chete iyoyo haana kukanganwa kusimbisa simba rehondo. Pasi Alexandra III, fleet yeRussia yakava yechitatu mushure meFlotily France neUK.
Iye Emperor akakwanisa kuramba akanyarara hukama nevose vakakurisa. Akasaina zvibvumirano zverunyararo neGermany, England, uye zvakare kusimbisa Franco-Russian hushamwari pane yepasirese nhanho.
Munguva yekutonga kwake, tsika yekukurukurirana pachena yaive yakasimbiswa, uye vatongi veMasimba eEurope vakatanga kuvimba naMambo weRussia, somunhu akachenjera, mukugadzirisa nyaya dzese dziri pakati pehukama.
Hupenyu Hwako
Mushure mekufa kwemugari wenhaka waNicholas, akange aine mwenga, Danish Princess Maria Dagmar. Kamwe kamwe zvakazoitika kuti Alexander mudiki aidanana naye. Uye kunyangwe imwe nguva aichengeta freilina, muchinda Maria Meshchersaya, Alexander aine makore makumi maviri nemasere anopa Maria Sophia FredEd. Saka munguva pfupi, hupenyu hwomunhu oga hwaAlexander hwakachinja, izvo zvaasina kuzvidemba gare gare.
Pashure pechakavanzika chemuchato, chaiitwa muchechi huru yeimba yemuzinda wemafuma, varoora vechidiki vakatamira kuAnichkov Palent, mavaigara nguva yekutanga kwaAlexander yechigaro cheushe.
Mumhuri yaAlexander Alexandrovich, VaMariya Fedorovna, avo, vakagamuchira erthodoxy vasati varoora, vakaberekerwa vana vatanhatu, vashanu vavo vakararama vasati vakura.
Senior Nikolai anozove mugove wekupedzisira Mambo Nikolai II kubva kuRomanov Dynasty. Kubva kuvana vadiki - Alexander, George, Ksenia, Mikhail, Mikhail, Olga - chete hanzvadzi ichararama kusvika pakukwegura. Alexander achafa aine zera regore rimwe, achafira paudiki hwake kubva ku tuberculosis, uye mikhail anoparadzanisa mugumo wehama - iyo bolsheviks ichapfurwa.
Emperor vakarutsa vana vavo mune horori. Nguo dzadzo uye hutano hwaive hwakanyanya nyore. Vanun'una vehumambo vaiita zvekurovedza muviri, uye vakagamuchira dzidzo yakanaka. Mhuri yakabata Palace uye mvumo, vabuki vane vana vaiwanzovhenekera kuDenmark kuhama.
Kuedza kusingafadzi
Musi waKurume 1, 1887, kuedza kusingafadzi kwakaitirwa hupenyu hwamambo. Vadzidzi veVasily Osipanov vakava vatori vechikamu mune yekurangana, vasily general, pakhomy Andreyushkin naAlexander Ulyanov. Pasinei nekudzidziswa kwemwedzi muhukuru hwegandanga vanoita pasi pekutungamirirwa kwaPetro Shindhenti, vechidiki vakatadza kuita mimba kusvika kumagumo. Vese vari vana vakatorwa nemapurisa uye mwedzi miviri mushure mekutongwa, kuurayiwa kuburikidza nekurembera munhare yeSHIRELBUB.
Vanoverengeka vatori vechikamu vekuchinja-shanduka denderedzwa, izvo zvakasungwa zvakare zvichitevera magandanga, vakatumirwa kunonzwika kwenguva refu.
Rufu
GORE mushure mekuedza muhupenyu hwemhuri yeumambo, chiitiko chisina kufadza chakaitika: Chitima chakambofamba neAlexander uye hama dzake dzakapwanywa pasi peKharkov. Chikamu chetemposition chakatendeuka, vanhu vakafa. Denga re ngoro umo maive nevashandi vekumambo, mambo ane simba akabatwa kwenguva yakareba aine yake kwemaminetsi makumi matatu. Neizvi akaponesa vese avo vari pedyo naye. Asi zvakadai overstrain zvakakoshesesa hutano hwamambo. Alexander Alexandrovich akatanga chirwere cheitsvo, ayo akafambira mberi zvishoma nezvishoma.
Mukutanga kwemwedzi yechando ya 1894, mambo aitonhora chaizvo uye akanzwa akaipa mushure memwedzi mitanhatu. Muzvinafundo wekurapa kubva kuGermany Ernst Leiden, uyo akaona kuti Nephrophathy kubva kuAlexander AlexandRovich, akadanwa. Pakuno kurudziro yokurapa, mambo akatumirwa kuGreek, asi munzira yaakanyanya kunaka, uye hama dzake dzakafunga kugara muLivadia kuenda kuLivadia.
Pakati pemwedzi weBogati Muviri munhu, mambo weUgas mune zvese pamberi pemaziso uye nekuda kwekutadza kuzere kweitsvo kwakafira munaNovember 1, 1894. Mukati memwedzi wapfuura, hama yake off John (Yanishev), pamwe neArchpril John Sergiev, mune ramangwana, mune ramangwana, raive rakavharwa.
Mushure memaawa ehafu mushure mekufa kwaAlexander III, Mwanakomana wake Nicholas akapika nekuda kweHumambo. Bhokisi rine mutumbi wamambo rakanunurwa kuna Petersburg uye rakavigwa rakavigwa muPetroPavlovlovsky Cathedral.
Mufananidzo wamambo mune art
About Alexandra III haasi mabhuku mazhinji akanyorwa sevamwe vamwari vevakundi. Izvi zvakaitika nekuda kwerunyararo rwake uye kwete kupokana. Iye munhu anotaurwa mune mamwe mabhuku enhoroondo akazvipira kumhuri yeRomov.
Muzvinyorwa, ruzivo nezve rwunoratidzwa mumababvu akati wandei evatapi venhau Harefu Harefu Panfenov. Mafirimu art mune iyo Alexander III Hunhu hwaipinda, akatanga kuoneka kubvira 1925. Pakazara, pendi 5 dzakabudiswa, kusanganisira iyo "mhenderekedzo yeupenyu", umo mambo-mupfumi anoramba shumba zootukhin, uye "Siberian barber", apo nikita mikhalkov.
Iyo yekupedzisira firimu, umo gamba reAlexander III kuoneka, yaive mufananidzo wa 2017 na Alexey Mudzidzisi Matilda. Make, mambo akatamba Sergey Garmash.