Biography
Murress Russian Russian Alloxandrovna, mukadzi wa mambo Alexander II, akaberekwa musi waChikunguru 27 (maererano nechimiro chekare) cha 1824 mu darmstadt. Vabereki vake vaive matanho eLudwig II Hesian naGreat Duchess Maria Wilhelmina Badenskaya. Musikana uyu akapihwa zita refu Maximilian Wilhelmina Augustus Sofia Sofia Hessian uye Prievinskaya.
Pachivanze, runyerekupe rwakapararira kuti mwanasikana akaberekerwa nezvekubatana kwemubatanidzwa pakati paamai naBaron Augustus Senarklen de Granci. Asi kudzivirira runyerekupe, mutungamiriri weHessen akaziva musikana asiri wepamutemo Maria nemukomana Alexander vagari venhaka vake uye akavapa surname. Vana vakagara pamwe chete naamai vake mumuzinda muHeligegenberg.
Mupristi weChechi yePurotesitendi yeKimmerman akaita kurerwa kwaMariya, sezvo mubereki wake akafa musikana kana musikana ane makore gumi nemaviri chete. Kubva kune vadiwa vaMariya, hama dzakabva dzakaramba dzakaramba. Ivo baba vanonyangamwisa havana kuenda mukamuri diki yegwenga renzvimbo uye vana vaisada. Makore Ekupedzisira akapedzerwa mukuvanzika anotsanangura kudzikama uye kusiyana nemhando yemuchinda. Haana kuda mabhora akaenzana uye akaunganidza nzanga yenzanga, mune vechidiki uye vakura.
Hupenyu Hwako
Pazera ramakore gumi nematatu, biography of Princess Mariya achinja zvachose. Mune kumwe kwekushanya kweimba yemunharaunda Opera, Russian TSEarevich Alexander akasangana neDarmstadt. Pasinei nenyaya yekuti Princess Hesséenskaya haana kupinda mune rondedzero yeEuropean anoviga mudyi wenhaka weRussia, akashungurudzika nemwoyo wose. Maria akamupindura nekudzoreredzwa. Kwenguva yakareba, vabereki vake vaivepo nekwavo kumuchengeti wemuchinda nekuda kwekubva kwake. Asi mwanakomana akanga amuda.
Maria Fedorovna, amai vaAlexander, vakatosvika kumusangano wemunhu naMaria kuGermany. Musikana akanaka akakomba akafarira vamwe vanonzi vamwene, uye akabvuma kuroora. Kwemakore maviri, zvakasarudzwa kumisa muchato maererano nezera remwenyowani. Panguva iyoyo akakwanisa kunyaradzwa muRussia. Muchinda weGerman akatora Orthodoxy, achitsiva zita rake chairo kuRussia - Maria AlexandRovna, mushure mekunge abva pakakuvadza naZesarevich. Muchirimo cha 1841, Maria naAlexander vaive nebasa reChechi yeCathedral Church yeTsarskoye Palace Palace Palace Palace.
Hondo yake imperial
Muna 1856, pazera ramakore makumi matatu nematatu, Maria AlexandRovna, pamwe chete nemumwe wake, akabatana nechigaro cheushe. Coronation yakaitika muCathedral yekufungidzira kweiyo mhandara moskovsky Kremlin. Asi mushure mekupera kwechigaro cheushe, ushambadzi hutsva hwemhuri yeRomano hwakadzivirirwa nezviitiko zvine ruzha. Akasarudza nzanga yekufungidzira, uye zvakare akataura zvakawanda nevafundisi.
Vamiriri vazhinji venyama yepamusoro vanokanganisa kupokana nekutonga kwaro. Vamwe vakatongerwa Maria AlexandRovna yekuita zvidiki kutora chikamu muzvinhu zvematongerwo enyika uye zvematongerwo enyika. Asi vazhinji vakararama panguva yavakawanda vakafarira basa rayo nenzira kwayo mukuvandudzwa kweSangano reRussia. Maererano neVepedyo Fressina Empress Anna Tyutcheva, Maria AlexandRovna akatakura muchinjiko unorema wekushandira vanhu vekuRussia.
Kubudirira kweMampress
Hazvibviri kurerutsa mhedzisiro yezviitiko zvaMary AlexandRovna uye, pamusoro pezvose, basa rayo mukusimudzira kwesangano red red red muchinjiko, uyo akatanga zviitiko zvakakura munguva yeRussia-yeTurkey yeTurkey.
Empress, kuponesa pane kuendesa kuEurope uye pane huwandu hwembambo, kuisa mari yemhuri yemambo mukuda kuzvivakira zvipatara, uye kutsigirwa nenherera nechirikadzi. Pane maitiro ayo, nhamba yakakura yevarapi yakatumirwa kuBalkan kuti ibatsire hama dzinoshambadzira panguva yekupinda kweTurkey. Pasi pekutarisira kwaro nenyika, mauto matsva uye zvigaro zvakavhurika.
Maria AlexandRovna airidza basa rakakura mukuchinja kwedzidzo. Nayo, yakawana 2 yepamusoro dzidzo masangano, anenge makumi mana emitambo yekunyepedzera, anopfuura zana nemakumi mashanu ekudzidzira-mwero mwero edzidziso masangano. Mambokadzi akabatsira kumakwenzi idzva musangano revakadzi dzidzo, iyo yainyanya kupihwa mari pane nzira yekuda.
Mukutonga kwayo, masayendisiti K. D. Shinshinsky akagadzira nzira dzinoverengeka dzepagegogi, izvo zvese zvekurovedza muviri zvenguva zvakauyiswa. Chirongwa chekutanga chedzidzo chakatanga kusanganisira zvinhu zveMutemo waMwari, Russian, Geography, nhoroondo, kuchenesa, arithmetic, vhidhiyo yekurovedza muviri. Vasikana vakave vakadzidziswa zvigoverera nekuchengetera imba. Padanho repamusoro, iwo nheyo dzefizikisi, algebra uye geometry akawedzerwa.
Patronized Emerness uye yakakwirira hunyanzvi. Nayo, chivakwa chakange chavakavakirwa nenyika yakakurumbira yemariinsky yemitambo, yayo Strope yaigara ichitsigira hunyanzvi hwepamusoro uye zvakakwana inomiririrwa Russia muInternational Arna. Theatre Theatre yakavakirwa nechikoro cheBallet, vakananga neLegentary Ballerina Agirppina Vaganov mumakore mashoma. Aya masangano akachengeterwa mari yemari Maria Alexandrovna.
Mupiro wakakura wakaita mambokadzi mukusunungurwa kwevaridzi, munzira dzose dzinotsigira shanduko dzemurume wake.
Mhuri
Iko kukosha kwakanyanya kwehunhu hwaive hwekuti akapa Russia nhamba huru yevagari venhaka. Muwanano naAlexander II Maria AlexandRovna akazvara vanakomana vatanhatu nevanasikana vaviri. Pakutanga kwemuchato, mhuri yeumambo yakasangana nenhamo inorema - aine makore manomwe kubva kuMeningitis, mwanasikana wavo mukuru Alexander akafa. Vechidiki vakaroora vakakuvadzwa kurasikirwa kwenguva yakareba.
Rimwezve mai vacho vaiva mugumo wemwanakomana anodikanwa anopisa Nikolai, aigadzirira kuvagari venhaka yechigaro cheushe. Muna 1865, pazera ramakore makumi maviri nemasere, zesarevich rakafa kubva mukukuvara kwetemberi. Zvakaitika kamwe kamwe, uye mushure memariro ake Maria AlexandRovna akange atotadza kufarira hupenyu nekusingaperi. Mwanakomana wechipiri, Alexander, mune yekumhanyisa oda yakagadzirirwa pachigaro choushe, uye pakupedzisira akakwanisa kuve mumwe wevakangwara uye vatongi vane rudo zveRussian.
Mwanakomana wediviwa Sergey Sergey akazvisiyanisa saGeneral-gavhuna weMoscow, akaroora munguva yake paminda yeElizabeth Fedorovna. Pashure munorwadzo muna 1905, naErizabheti - muna 1918. Sista yake Alexander Fedorovna vakava mukadzi wake Nikolai II, Mambo wekupedzisira weimba yeRomov. Vamwe vanakomana vatatu vaMaria ALEXANANDROVNA, Vladimir, Alexey naPaul, vakabata zvigaro zvehondo. Mukunda waMariya akaroora Muchinda Edinburgh, mwanakomana waMambokadzi Victoria, nokudaro achisimbisa hukama hweRussia-British.
Chitendero
Maria AlexandRovna aive murume anonzwira tsitsi. Akabatanidza zvakanakisa zvehushumiri chiPurotesitendi kuvanhu uye pakadzika kwekutenda kweOrthodox. Muratidziro akadzidza mabasa emadzibaba matsvene, hupenyu hwevatsvene. Akaverenga matsvene Maria Magdalene uye Saint Seraphim Sorovsky. Nezvakarukwa zveBiograph Ascetic Kutenda, Maria Alexandrovna yakaunza Firluin Anna Thutchev.
Munguva pfupi, Hemani wevakarurama akazviratidza mumhuri yeumambo, ayo Maria AlexandRovna akanyatsoramba akachengeta, pakati pevamwe, matenga emhuri. Tsarina yakatungamirirwa nekukurukurirana kwebhaibheri neParfacy Kiev, Philaret, Moscow, Vasily Pavloevo-Posadsky. Mushure mekufa kwake ndichirangarirwa naamai vevanakomana vake vakavakirwa muJerusarema mutemberi yaMariya Magadona, mairi zvoErizabheteth feodorovna vari kuzorora.
Rufu
Makore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwaMariya Alexandrovna akafukidzwa nechirwere, rufu rwemwanakomana anodikanwa, pamwe nekumukira kwakawanda kwemurume ane rudo. Mambokadzi haana kumbobvira aratidza kusagutsikana kwake nemaitiro emumwe mukadzi uye haana kumupomera mhosva.
Izvo zvinozivikanwa kuti iyo yaunofarira yaAlexander II, Princess Ekaterina Dollgorukova, yaigara pamwe chete nevana zvisiri pamutemo pasi pamusoro pematanda emasshor. Munzira dzakawanda, izvi zvakaitwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza: Mazuva manomwe akagadzirwa paTsar Reformer, yekupedzisira yeiyo yakaita kuti ifare.
Mambokadzi akawana zvakanyatsoziva zvese zviito zvehugandanga, nguva imwe neimwe yakanga yakora mwoyo. Chiremba Wemunhu AlexandRovna, Sergey Petrovich Botkin, achitarisira kugara kwake zvakanaka, anokurudzirwa kurarama mumutsara nguva nenguva. Asi mwedzi mitanhatu yadarika yehupenyu hwake Maria AlexandRovna, zvinopesana nezvirongo zvevaChiremba, zvinoshandiswa muSt. Petersburg, iyo yakanga iine hutano husina kunaka pahutano hwake.
Misangano yakafa pakutanga kwezhizha ra 1880 nekuda kwekunetseka kwe tuberculosis. Guva raMambokadzi riri muPeter naPaul Cathedral of St. Petersburg.
Ndangariro
Ndangariro dzeMashrr Marry Mary AlexandRovna isingafi neZita Rinozita Zita remaguta, migwagwa uye dzidzo masangano. MuMariinsky Theatre, Bust of Mambokadzi neBhodhi risingakanganwike richangobva kuiswa. Tembere yeMariinsky nhasi ndiyo huru yekateni yemamongi evakadzi muHepsimania.
MuNewsreel, Mary AlexandRovna atorwa mune zvinyorwa uye mune hunyanzvi cinema. Maitiro emukadzi waAlexander KwaAlexander pane imwe nguva akatamba vanoita basa rakadaro saNatalia Vlasv, Marina Aleksandrov, Tatiana Korsak naAna Kayakina. Kunyanya kufanana kukuru kufanana neiyo Empress kusvika Irina Kozchenko, iyo inoonekwa mumapuranga emapikicha emabhibhi neyekutora kweRussia Actress.
Anonangana nerudo anonakidzwa nemafirimu "Emperor weRoma", "rudo rwaMambo" uye nhevedzano "varombo Narya". MuKinoKartina, Alexei Mudzidzisi "Matilda, uyo akazvipira kuzuva reRomanov, Sergel Garmash neSergel Cinlovsky, Sergey Garmash