Biography
Alexey Arkipovich Leonov - Test Pilot, Cosmont Off, Artist, Wokutanga Earthman, yakaburitswa munzvimbo yakavhurika, Laureate yehuwandu hwakawanda uye mibairo.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Alexey Leonov akaberekwa muna Chivabvu 30, 1934 mumusha waLatchyanka. Pano kwekutora chikamu mune zvakaitika muna 1905, sekuru vake vaitaurwa nezvaasina kubereka, zvishoma, vabereki venguva yemberi venyeredzi vakatamira kuSiberia, pamberi peavo vaigara mu donbas. Baba vaAleksey, Archseever's Archport, vaifanira kuchinja basa reShakhtar mumusika wemutauriri, naamai vake, Evdokia Minaevna, vakashanda semudzidzisi.
Mumhuri yaLeoni, pakanga paine vana vazhinji, Alexey - Mudiki, mwana wedangwe, mwana wepfumbamwe mumutsara. Mufaro wemhuri uye hupenyu hwakatyora kudzvinyirira kwaStalin. Muna 1936, leonov Archka, murume anoremekedzwa, sachigaro wedare remumusha, akasungwa pamusuwo wenhema. Madzimai nevana vezvechiremera vakanyimwa pfuma uye vakadzingwa mumba, uye vana vakarambidzwa kuenda kuchikoro. Neraki, LeonoV-mukuru akakwanisa kupona mumisasa, uye muna 1939 baba vemhuri yakawanda vakaruramiswa uye vakadzokera kumba.
Pakasvika nguva yeEddidia Minawirna, kuda kufudza vana chete, ndarasikirwa nebasa uye iye akafamba pamusoro wake, akatamira kuKemoropo, kumwanasikana wedangwe. Ndiro raive mukamuri mune barrack, uko mhuri yakakura yeBley yaive rinenge gore uye jutter. Makore mashoma akadzosera baba vake, uye mhuri iyi yakatanga kukwira tsoka dzake. Pakutanga vakagoverwa mamwe makamuri maviri mune imwe nzvimbo yekuvhara, uye muna 1948 ArkHiphip alekseevich akagamuchira musangano kune nzvimbo itsva yebasa muKalindenr, uko leono leono.
Nekuda kwekupedzisira, mudiki Alyosha akaenda kuchikoro chete aine makore 9, muKemeravo. Muchikoro chekutanga, mukomana akafarira kutaura. Chikoro chepamusoro cheLeona chakapera kare muKaliningrad. Pakazosvika nguva yekugamuchira chitupa muna 1953, Alexey akanyatsoziva chishandiso chenyeredzi, ndege nendege. Jaya racho rakagamuchira zivo idzi, achiverenga pamusoro pehuswa hwemunin'ina mukuru, uyo akambodzidza nezve tekinoroji yemuchadenga.
1953 yakava swivel mune biografia uye remangwana rezvemangwana cosmonaute: Akazeza mukusarudzwa kwemapurofesa pakati pehunyanzvi uye hwekuenda kwaunoda kuenda. Alexey akamonera magwaro kuiyo Riga Academy yehunyanzvi, asi, akanzwa kuti vadzidzi veHostel vadzidzi vakapiwa kubva pagore rechitatu rekudzidza, vakasiya gore rekutanga.
Cosmonautics
Mushure mekukundikana neiyo nhoroondo yehunyanzvi, leonov yakapinda chikoro chekutanga chekutanga muKreemenchug, uko iyo Komsomolsky Seti yakagadzirwa. Kana wapedza kudzidza muna 1955, wechidiki uyu akaenderera mberi nedzidzo kuWekuremuka Chuguuevsky Aviation Chikoro, kwaakagamuchira mutyairi wehunyanzvi. Mushure mekupedza kudzidza muna 1957 kusvika 1959, Alexey Leonov akashanda mune zvegumi varindi vavaki muKremenchug, kubva 1959 kusvika 1960 - kuGermany, sechikamu chevarwi veSoviet.Mune autumn ya1959, Alexey Archupovich yakatemerwa kuchinja fate zvakare. Ipapo ndipo paakange akasangana nemusoro wenzvimbo yekudzidziswa kweCosmonaus (CPC), Colonel Karpov. Pakutanga komisheni yekukodzera muSokolniki Leonov, akatanga kusangana naYuri Gagarin, uyo akazunza ushamwari hwakasimba.
Muna 1960, Alexei Leonov akanyoreswa mune inokosha squad. Inotevera yakateverwa CPC makosi uye kudzidziswa kusingaverengeki. Muna 1964, hofisi yekugadzira pasi pehutungamiri hweMambokadzi yakatanga kuvakwa kwespacecraft nyowani, iyo yaibvumidza Cosmon kuti iende kunzvimbo isina mhepo. Ngarava iyi yaive "kubuda kwezuva-2".
Vatariri vaviri vakagadzirira kutiza. Mukuremerwa kukuru, Alexey Lenov akanyorwa uye Pandavel Belyaev, cosmonts of chorukov uye gorbatko vaive makirabhu emapoka avo. Nhoroondo yekubhururuka uye yekutanga gohwo remunhu ari munzvimbo yakaitika munaKurume 18, 1965.
Mushure mekunge kutiza pane "kubuda kwezuva-" 2 "Leon yaive kuboka reChomonauts, iyo yakanga yakagadzirirwa kutiza uye kusarongeka pamwedzi, asi semhedzisiro, chirongwa ichi chakavharwa. Bheti rinotevera reLeonov Pasi Orbit akaitika muna 1975, apo ngano yengarava yeSoyuz-19 Soviet "Apollo" yakagadzirwa.
Muna 1982-1991, Leonov ndiye aive mutevedzeri wekutanga musoro weCPC, muna 1992 akasiya basa.
Chekutanga Kunze Cosmos
Kutanga kwengarava ne "Baikonur" yakabudirira uye ipapo kubhururuka kwakaitwa mune yakajairika mode. Zvairongwa kuti "East-2" inofanira kuita gumi nemanomwe kutendeuka pasi pasi. Pane yechipiri twist yeLeonov yaifanira kuenda kunzvimbo isina mhepo kuburikidza negedhi rakakosha. Saka zvese zvakaitika. Paramende Alexei, Kapteni wechikepe Paldiyev Belyav, akaramba ari muchikepe ndokutarisa kuti chii chaiitika nemutambo weTV.
Alexey Leonov akapedza gumi nemaviri maminitsi 9 masekondi mune yakavhurika nzvimbo. Cosmonausausaumed mapoka maviri akagadziriswa, imwe kamera yakanga iri mumaoko ake. Pamwe chete nekufara kwezvaakaona uye kukosha kwekurwiswa kwakakwana, Alexey Arkhipovich uye kusingafadzi kunzwa.
Muchidimbu, zvaipisa kwazvo, ziya rekutsvaira rakadurura maziso ake, Tachycardiya akatanga kuAfrica, tembiricha yakasimuka. Pakudzokera muchikepe, ini zvakare ndine matambudziko. Kubva pakugara muAcuum, nzvimbo yaLeono yakacheneswa, uye yakanga isingagoni kupinza mugomba regedhi regedhi. Aifanira kuputika kudzvinyirira kuti vaSuite vakauya vakajairwa. Kupiwa kuti maoko ake aiverengerwa mukamera uye tambo yekuchengetedza, zvaisave nyore.
Pakupedzisira, cosmonout yakarova imba yegedhi, asi pano yakanga yakamirira imwe dambudziko. Paunenge uchitsaura imba yegedhi, ngarava yakanyarara. Izvo zvaigoneka kugadzirisa dambudziko iri nekuwanikwa kweokisijeni, nekuda kwekuti vashandi vakatanga nejimu.
Kubata nezvikanganiso, nyeredzi dzakagadzirirwa kugadzira otomatiki yekuisa mune yakajairika nzira, asi yakanga isipo. Chikepe chaizoenda kunoparadza mugumi nemanomwe kutenderera kwepasi, asi hurongwa hwakundikana. Paravel Belyaev aifanira kuzvidzora nekukurumidza pamusoro pake. Mutungamiriri akasangana pamasekonzi 22, asi uyu mutsauko wakaringana kune vashandi kuti vatange vambiro pamakiromita makumi manomwe neshanu kubva kunzvimbo yakarongwa. Zvakaitika mazana maviri em km kubva perm, muTaiga, iyo yakaoma kwazvo kushanda injini dzekutsvaga.
Maawa mana ekugara muchando, muchitonhora, nyeredzi dzakawanikwa vanonunura. Magamba akabatsira kusvika paimba yepedyo yemapuranga musango, akabva ajekesa chikuva chekudyara helikoputa, uye mushure memazuva maviri chete The Crew East - 2 yakachengetedzwa zvakachengeteka uye inoendeswa kuMoscow.
Muna 2017.
Hupenyu Hwako
Alexey Arkipovich Leonov akasangana nemukadzi wechikurumidza Svetlana muna 1957. Mazuva matatu mushure mekuzivana, vakaroora kusasakwana. Leonov aive nevanasikana vaviri.Mwanasikana wedangwe wokutanga (1961-1996) akafa nechirwere chakasimba. Mukadzi akashanda muDhipatimendi guru reGungwa reGungwa, uye akadzoka achibva rwendo rwebhizinesi kuenda kuAmerica, akangoerekana ainzwa zvakaipa. Vabereki vakatora mwanasikana wavo kumadokero vanachiremba, asi havana kugona kubatsira. Victoria akafa neyekupedzisira hepatitis yakaoma ne pneumonia.
Mwanasikana mudiki waAlexei naSvetlana leonovy Oksana akaberekerwa muna 1967. Inoshanda nemuturikiri, akaroora, nekuda kweOksana, vazukuru vaviri vachakura vachiri kubhururuka kweLeonov.
Pamusoro pekuongorora nyeredzi, Alexey Arkhipovich inozivikanwa seMhizha. Mukukura, akawana nguva yezvekuita kwevana. Leonov ndiye munyori wemazana maviri pendi uye ma albums mashanu nemubereki. Pakati pebasa rake rebasa uye nyika yenyika, zviratidzo zveshamwari, zvinonakidza zvirongwa. Iyo Artist Leonov aida kushanda nemafuta, mvura uye Dutch Gouchach.
Zvakare, iyo gamba reSoviet Union yaifarira kuverenga, cycling, kupenga, kuvhima, kukwira tenisi, basketball, mapikicha uye mafoto uye mafoto uye mafoto uye mafoto uye mafoto uye mafoto uye mafoto uye mafoto uye mafoto uye kufema.
Kusvikira 2000, LeonoV akabata Mutungamiri weAlfa-Capital Investment Fund, akabva akura mutungamiri wemutevedzeri webhangi aine zita rimwe chete. Makore achangopfuura, cosmonword yaigara pedyo neMoscow, mune yake imba yakagadzirwa.
Rufu
Musi waGumiguru, 2019, Alexey Leonov akafa pamakore makumi masere nemasere ehupenyu. Wekupedzisira wachi, cosmon huru yakashandiswa muchipatara. Burdenko. Hama Leonov havasati vazivisa iyo yekudhinda uye vanoyemura chikonzero chekufa kwake.
Merit
Alexey Arkipovich - Cavalier makamuri epamba uye dzipi dzemukati, mirairo, menduru. CosmonUt mugari wemuguta makumi matatu epasi, nhengo yeChikoro chepasi rese cheAltronautics, Dzidza yeChikoro cheRussia cheAltronautics, iye mubvunzi wehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi.
Leonov ndiye munyori uye co-munyori wekutsvaga kwesainzi uye kuedza. Izvo zvakanyanya kukosha kwavo vanoonekwa seanotevera mabasa:
- Kuvandudzwa kwehydrobrabilbility uye kusikwa kwespacecraft yebasa mune hydrosphere (1966);
- kudzidza kwechiedza uye hunhu hwemavara ezveview mushure mekutiza kusvika kune nzvimbo (1967);
- Pesvedzero yenzvimbo yekubhururuka pane kupinza kwemutyairi weiyo yakaoma "burani" (1980).
BHAIBHERI
Munhoroondo yeAlexey LeonoV mabhuku uye mabhuku esayenzi, kusanganisira:
- "Cosestrian cosmos" (1967);
- "Mhepo yakachena" (1969);
- "Ini ndinobuda munzvimbo yakavhurika" (1970);
- "Zvimiro zvekudzidziswa kwepfungwa zveAstronuts" (1967).