Biography
Michelangelo buonaroti denderedzwa rehunyanzvi hwekurima, uyo akaunza mupiro unokosha kuChivigiro cheChivigiro Chemhando Yenyika.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Musi waKurume 6, 1475, mwana wechipiri akaberekerwa mumhuri yeBuonaroti Simoni, uyo wainzi Michelangelo. Baba vemukomana vaive meya weguta reKarpeza uye vakanga vachimhanya nemhuri dzakanaka. Sekuru uye sekuru, sekuru, Michelangelo vaionekwa sevanobudirire, asi vabereki vakararama zvisina kunaka. Chimiro cheMayor haana kuunza mari yakawanda kuna Baba, asi akafunga rimwe basa (remuviri). Mwedzi mumwe mushure mekuzvarwa kweMwanakomana, hupenyu hwebasa hwe lodovico di lionardo seMayor akasvika kumagumo. Uye mhuri iyi yakatamira kuimba generic muFlorence.
Francesca, amai vaamai, vaigara vachirwara, uye vachive nepamuviri, vakawira pasi kubva pabhiza, saka ndakatadza kufudza mwana ndega. Nekuda kweizvi, mick madiki akarairwa neCormalie, uye makore ekutanga ehupenyu hwake akaitirwa mumhuri yeKamenotes. Mucheche kubva achiri mudiki anotambirwa nematombo uye chisels, akapindwa muropa nehasha-bvisa. Mukomana paakakura, aigara achitaura kuti tarenda rake rinosungirwa kuMuchina waamai waMolika.
Amai vaamai vakafa, Mika akatendeuka aine makore matanhatu. Iyo ine yakanyanya kukanganisa psyche yemwana kuti anovharwa, akatsamwa uye asingafarire. Baba, vachinetseka nemweya wemwanakomana, unomupa kuna Francesco Galeotsa chikoro. Mudzidzi haaratidze girama kuenda kugirama, asi rinoshuma shamwari dzinodzidzisa rudo rwekupenda.
Pazera ramakore gumi nematatu, Michelangelo akazivisa baba vake kuti aisatarisira kuenderera mberi nemhuri yemhuri, uye yaizotungamirwa nehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi. Nekudaro, muna 1488, achiri kuyaruka anova mudzidzi wehama dzeBrivirani, anozviisa kune hunyanzvi hwekugadzira maFrescoes uye kudzidzisa pendi yekutanga.
Mumusangano Ghirlandao tapedza gore, mushure mekunge izvo zvakaenda kunodzidza zviyero muminda yemifananidzo yeMedi, kwaifarira tarenda yejaya raive kufarira Mutongi weItaly Lorenzo Magnificent. Iye zvino Biography yeMicherangelo yakazadzwa nekuziva nezvevadiki vekare, iyo yakazova baba vechiRoma. Kushanda mumarunda eSan Marco, vadiki vadiki vakagamuchira mvumo kubva kuNico Bichchelin (reketi yeChechi) pakudzidza kwezvitunha zvevanhu. Mukutenda, akapa kurovererwa nechiso chaKristu kuchechi. Kufunda maSkeletons uye tsandanyama dzezvitunha, Michelangelo akasangana nechimiro chemuviri wemunhu, asi zvakadzikamisa hutano hwake.
Pana gumi nematanhatu, jaya rinogadzira maveja miviri yekutanga yakashama - "Madonna padhuze nemasitepisi" uye "kurwa kwecentures". Aya ekutanga esbas-anodedera, uyo akabuda mumaoko ake, tenzi wechidiki uyu akapiwa chipo chinoshamisa, uye remangwana rake rakashata rakamumirira.
Zvisikwa
Mushure mekufa kwaLorenzo, Medio pachigaro choushe, mwanakomana wake Pierro akakwira, akaparadza hurongwa hweRepublican of Florence nezvematongerwo enyika pfupi. Panguva imwecheteyo, mauto eFrance pasi pehutungamiri hweCharles Viii Anorwisa Italy. Shanduko inopenya munyika. Florence, anotapurirana neyekuvhiringidza hondo dzehondo, haingarambe kurwiswa kwemauto uye anokanda mapfumo pasi. Mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika uye emukati muItari ari kupenya kumiganhu iyo isingabatsire basa raMicherangelo. Murume anoenda kuVenice neRoma, kwaanoenderera mberi achirovedza uye zvidzidzo zvifananidzo uye zvifananidzo zvekare.Muna 1498, sculptor yakagadzira chifananidzo che "vacc" uye kuumbwa "piata", izvo zvinounza nyika mukurumbira. Scaurpture, uko Maria mudiki akabata ruoko rwevakafa, akaiswa muChechi yeSt Peter. Mazuva mashoma gare gare, Michelangelo akanzwa kurukurirano yeimwe yevafambi, vakataura kuti "piata" yakagadzirwa neChristoforo Solari. Usiku ihwohwo, tenzi wechidiki akagadira kutsamwa, akashamiswa muchechi uye zvakanyorwa pachidzitiro chechipfuva chaMariya. Kunyora pachako: "Michel Angelus Bonarotus Floorent Facibat - Mikelangelo Buonaroti, Florence.
Mushure mechinguva chidiki, akapfidza mukurwiswa kwake kudada uye akasarudza kusaina basa rake.
Mumakore makumi maviri nematatu, makiyi akatora basa rakanyanya kuoma - kuvezwa chifananidzo chemamita mashanu-metrever yemarble. Mumwe wevakararama naye asina kugadzira chero chinhu chinonakidza, chakakanda dombo. Zvakawanda hapana mumwe wevatenzi aive akagadzirira kunatsa hurema hwemarambi. Michelange l chete ndiye aitya kunetseka uye mushure memakore matatu, ndakazivisa nyika ikuru hwenyika david. Iyi nyanzvi ine zvinoshamisa zvinowirirana mafomu, yakazadzwa nesimba uye remukati simba. Sculptor yakakwanisa kufema hupenyu muchikamu chinotonhora chemarble.
Kana iyo Tenzi apedza basa pane svuta, komisheni yakasikwa, iyo yakatsunga kuiswa kweiyo nyanzvi. Musangano wekutanga waMichelangelo naLeonardo da Vinci yakaitika pano. Musangano uyu zvaisakwanisa kunzi hune hushamwari, nekuti Leono ane makore 50 akarasikirwa nemuyedzo wake mudiki wake uye akatoreruka Michelangelo mumapoka evanokandwa. Kuona izvi, iyo mudiki Piero anokwira mukwikwidzi pakati pevatambi, akavakirwa kwavari pendi yemadziro makuru emarata muLazazo Vecchio.
Da Vinci akatanga basa pane iyo fresco mune iyo nyaya ye "kurwa kweAngiari", uye Michelangelo akatora "kurwa kweKashhini" sehwaro. Kana maviri madonhwe akaoneswa kune vese ongororo, saka hapana mumwe wevatsoropodzi aigona kupa chero chipi zvacho chavo. Oseckboard Osedhi akabuda kuti agadzirwe nehunyanzvi zvekuti ndiro yeruramisiro yakaenzana netarenda revatenzi vemapuru emakwenzi uye pendi.
Sezvo Michelangelo akanzwawo muimbi ane hunyanzvi, akakumbirwa kupenda denga reimwe chechi chechi yeRoma muViettoria. Neiyi basa, iyo pendi yakagamuchirwa kaviri. Kubva pa1508 kusvika 1512, iyo denga reChechi rakapendwa, iyo nharaunda yaive mazana matanhatu emamita metres. metres, zvirongwa kubva kuTestamente Yekare kubva panguva yekupedzisira kusikwa kwenyika kusvika paMafashama. Munhu wekutanga anoratidzika kupenya pano - Adamu. Pakutanga, Mike akarongwa kuti awane vaapostora gumi nevaviri chete, asi chirongwa ichi chakafema tenzi kuti akazvitsaurira makore mana ehupenyu.
Kutanga, muimbi akapenda jira pamwe naFensko Granaxi, Giuliano Bugarini uye zana revashandi vebhuruu, asi panguva yekukodzera kwehasha akadzima musikana wake. Nguva dzekusika nyanzvi yaaivanza kunyange kubva papa weRoma, uyo akaramba achimhanya kuti atarise pendi. Pakupera kwa1511, Michelangelo akafuridzirwa nezvikumbiro zvenyota kuona chisikwa, chakavhura chidzitiro chekuvanzika. Mainoonekwa akazunza fungidziro yevanhu vazhinji. Kunyangwe Rafael, achifadzwa nekupenda uku, zvakachinja zvishoma tsamba yake.
Shanda mune sicastine chapel yakaneta kwazvo neiyo sculptor huru iyo yaanonyora mu diary yake inotevera:
"Mushure memakore mana anoshungurudzwa, vachiita zvinopfuura mazana mana emakumi mana mune yakazara, ndakanzwa chembere uye ndaneta. Ini ndaingova makumi matatu nematatu, uye shamwari dzese dzaisachaona munhu wekare, randakava.Anonyorawo kuti maziso ake akarega kuona kubva kubasa rekushushikana, uye hupenyu hwakasviba uye grey.
Muna 1535, Michelangelo inotorwa zvakare kuti pendi yemadziro ari mupurasite chapel. Panguva ino anogadzira fresco ye "Dare rakaipisisa", iro rakakonzera kutsamwa kwehasha pakati pevaParishioners. Pakati pekuumbwa, Jesu Kristu, akakomberedzwa nevanhu vasina kupfeka. Idzi manyu evanhu hunomiririra vatadzi uye vakarurama. Mweya yeOrthodox inokwira kudenga kuenda kuDenga, uye vatadzi vanounganidza Charon pacherechedzo yavo uye vakadzingira mugehena.
Kuratidzira vatendi kwakakonzera kuti usaite mufananidzo pachako, asi miviri yakashama isiri munzvimbo inoera. Mafoni akanyatsonzwika kuparadzwa kweiyo hombe fresco rerumutsiridzo yeItaly. Paunenge uchishanda pamufananidzo, muimbi akawira kubva kumasango, achikuvara kwazvo gumbo rake. Mumwe murume aiona chiratidzo chamwari mune izvi uye akafunga kusiya basa. Akakwanisa kumutsa iye chete shamwari yepamoyo, uye chiremba wenguva pfupi akabatsira murwere kupora.
Hupenyu Hwako
Runyoro rwakawanda rwaigara rwakatenderedza hupenyu hwega hwevanhu vanozivikanwa sculptor. Iye anorayirwa hukama hwepedyo hwepedyo nevamwe vavo simulator. Mukutsigira kweshanduro yeungochani, Michelangelo anodaro chokwadi chekuti haasati aroora. Iye pachake akatsanangura izvi zvinotevera:
"Art ine godo uye inoda munhu wese. Ndine mumwe wake wanga wose ndezvayo, uye vana vangu mabasa angu.Chaizvoizvo kusimbiswa kwevanyori venhoroondo vanowana hukama hwake hwekudanana neiyo yekufamba kweiyo vittoria ikhoramu. Mukadzi uyu, akasiyaniswa nepfungwa dzakatanhamara, rakafanirwa nerudo uye kubatanidzwa kwakadzama kuMichelangelo. Uyezve, iyo Marquis Pescara inoonekwa kuti iye ega mukadzi ane zita rakabatana neiyo huru muimbi.
Zvinozivikanwa kuti vakasangana muna 1536, Marquis paakasvika kuRoma. Mumakore mashoma, mukadzi wacho akamanikidzwa kubuda muguta uye kuenda kuViterbo. Chikonzero chakange chiri kumukira kwehama yake kupokana naPaul III. Kubva pane izvi zvichienda mberi, tsamba yeMichelangelo uye iyo vitaine, iyo yakava chifananidzo chaicho chezvakaitika kare. Zvinotendwa kuti hukama hwaMichelangelo uye vittoria dzaingova hunhu hwerudo rwePlatoic. Kugara kune vamwe vanozvipira muhondo yemurume wake, marquis vakamboona zvine ushamwari kune muimbi.
Rufu
Michelangelo akazadza nzira yake yepasi muRoma Kukadzi 18, 1564. Mazuva mashoma asati afa, muimbi akaparadzaniswa nerunyararo, anotora nhetembo uye asina kufemerwa nhetembo. Akazopinda muchechi madiki aSanta Maria del Angeli, kwaaida kuunza chifananidzo cheMadonna kukukwana. Muvhiri waakatenda kuti basa rake rose risina kukodzera kunaIshe Mwari. Uye iye amene haana kukodzera kusangana neParadhiso, nekuti haana kusiya vazukuru, kunze kweiyo nzvimbo isina mweya yematombo. Mika aida kufema hupenyu muiyo mifananidzo yeMadonna mumazuva ekupedzisira kuti apedze zvinhu zvepanyika.
Asi muchechi kubva kuRechurotera, akarasikirwa nekuziva, uye akamuka mangwanani ezuva rinotevera. Kusvikira pamba, murume anowira mubhedha, anodzidzisa kuda uye anobata mweya.