Biography
Soviet Mutauri-Astronaut, kaviri gamba reSoviet Union Grechko Georgy Mikhalovich ainyatsoziva Russia uye iyo Post-Soviet nzvimbo. Iyo biography yeiyo muongorori akashinga, comrade akatendeka uye akavimbika azere nekunakidza, uye dzimwe nguva zviitiko zvinoshamisa.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Kuva vechidiki uye vechidiki makore ekutsvagisa kwemangwana uye cosmonout akapfuura muLerenrad. Apa akazvarwa. Chiitiko chinofadza mumhuri yaBaba veCosmonaut Mikhail Fedorovich Fedorovra Yakovlevna yakaitika musi waMay 25, 1931. Amai George vakasvika vachibva kuLarlus, baba vanobva kuUkraine, saka maererano neRudzi rweGeorge, aive hafu yeUkraine, hafu yeBelarus.
Vhiki rokurwiswa kwekutora kweGerman Fascist, mukomana ane makore gumi okukura akaendeswa kunoshambira kuna ambuya vake muUkraine. Makore maviri aigara mundima yaigarwa, muna 1943 akadzoka kumba. Muna 1947, mubato wechikoro Georgy Grechko anoenda kuKola Peninsula uye anotora chikamu mukuongorora kwe geological.
Chikoro chechipiri chinopera muna 1949, chinopinda muLaringrad "uye mu1955th vanopedzisira vaine" zvakanaka. " Shure kwekunge institute inotambira kugoverwa muCB S. Queents, Dudziro yedombo rakaitikawo pano.
Injiniya yechidiki ine ruzivo rwehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi, pamwe chete nevamwe nyanzvi, iri kuvandudza dombo nyowani kuti utange kutangisa yekutanga Satellite Satellite mune orbit. Pashure pacho, anotora chikamu mukugadzirira kwekutanga kwemamwe ndege.
Cosmonautics
Nguva yekuona nyeredzi yakaitika, yaayo nyeredzi yeawa. Shanda pasi pehutungamiri hweSergey Mambokadzi weGeorgy Mikhalovich ndiyo yaive chinhu chikuru. Mumauto eCosmonts akatanga kutora mainjiniya uye masayendisiti. Georgy akapfuura bhuku rekurapa, chimiro chake chemuviri, kukwirira uye huremu hwakazove hwakakodzera, uye buckwheat akawira mune nhamba yerombo. Saka, muzera rechigumi nemashanu (muna Chivabvu 1966) anozivikanwa kune nyeredzi.
Kutanga, Georgy Mikhalovich anotungamira boka redzidzo yebvunzo yebvunzo dzemberi, zvino muna Kubvumbi 1968, inogadzwa nemuedzo, uye mukati medu ichinzi iyo CCBM Cosmonauss squad. Pamberi pekutanga kwekutanga, ichiri kure, inopinda mutsaona, inovhuna gumbo uye iri muchengetedzo kwenguva yakareba. Zvichakadaro, cosmonaus haina kumira kudzidziswa uye inovandudza hunyanzvi.
Sechikamu cheboka reGeorge, zvinotora nzvimbo dzinozivikanwa nzvimbo, kugadzirira ndege kumwedzi iri pachirongwa cheSoviet. Mushure mekunge yavharwa, nyeredzi inotamiswa kugadzirira kugadzirira kweiyo "mubatanidzwa" mhando ngarava uye shanda munzvimbo dzinozadzika. Kana iyo Soyuz-9 Yakatangira muna June 1970, uye Soyuz-12 muna 1973, Grechko chikamu chevashandi vevashandi.
Munguva pfupi inotevera anosiya "bhenji rekunyepedzera" uye rinoita kuti ndege nhatu kuenda kunzvimbo. Musi waJanuary 10, 1975, muchikepe "Soyuz-17" anoenda kunzvimbo yekutanga yekubhururuka pamwe chete neinjiniya eAlexei Gubarev. Iyo ndege yakatora mazuva 29, nyeredzi dzakadzokera pasi paFebruary 9.
Musi waZvita 10, 1977, Soyyuz-26 anotanga uye Salute-6 Orbital Complex - Soyuz-26. On-bhodhi Injiniya - Yuri Romanenko. Iyo ndege yakatora mazuva makumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu (kusvika munaKurume 16). Zvita 20, panguva yekubhururuka, cosmonaunopinda munzvimbo yekuvhura yekutarisa uye kuongorora iyo yekudhirowa chikamu chechiteshi. Gara munzvimbo yakavhurika - 1 awa 28 min. Kune vekutanga ndege, Grechko yakapetwa kaviri zita reGamba reSoviet Union.
Musi waSeptember 17, 1985, ndege yechitatu yeBuckwheat yakaitirwa muchikepe "Union T-14" SEZVINHU ZVINOGONESESA. Chirongwa chekubhururuka chaive chenguva pfupi panguva yekuzvidza kwekukwazisa-7. A nyeredzi yakadzokera pasi pano munaGunyana 26 muchikepe "Union T-13". Kubhururuka uku kwakaitwa mumakore makumi mana nemashanu, kwaive kwakazotevera kubudirira kweiyo cosmon.
Munguva yekupindirana pakati peiyo yechipiri uye yechitatu yekubhururuka, guckling yakadzidziswa muzvirongwa zvepasi rese. MunaApril 1984 Anopinda Muwokudzokorora Soviet-Indian Crew "Union T-11". Kwemuchadenga matatu, kugara muchadenga munzvimbo yakasvika 134 mazuva 21 maawa makumi matatu nemashanu maminitsi makumi mashanu nemashanu.
Muna 1989, cosmonaust isa pamberi pevateveri vevanhu, asi anopa mavhoti eBoris yeLetsin.
Muna 1977-1990, inotungamira chirongwa "nyika ino yakanaka". Magamba ekutamiswa aivapo nesainzi vanyori venyaya. Kwemakumi emakore, Buckwheat inobatana necinematographrah, ichibatsira kugadzira pendi pane nzvimbo. Akava mugove mukuru wefirimu "Lilac bhora" Palavel Arsenova (1987) uye "pasi peboka reGemini" Boris ivchchko (1979). Grechko akaripira iye "haatitumire ..." Fair? " (1998).
Iyo filmography ye cosmonout inosanganisira zvinyorwa zviviri 2011 "Geory Girchko. Iyo trajectory yefungidziro "uye" Georgy GRCHKE. Ndakanga ndiri munzvimbo, ndinotenda muna Mwari. " Mugore rimwe chetero, cosmonaust zvakabatana neTV chiteshi "tsika". Grechko akava nyanzvi yeiyo inozivikanwa firimu yefirimu "yekugara." Iyo kutenderera yaive pendi ina nezve mwedzi, venus, mars uye zuva.
Muhafu yechipiri yehupenyu, George Grechko akazosvika pakutenda. Pakutanga, Grechko aitsvaga zviratidzo zvehupenyu hwemudiwa, uye kuma1960, mambokadzi, akagadzirwa pachiitiko chekudzidza kweanonzi mutorwa cosmole, uyo aive chaizvo chaizvo, mumaonero avo, aive achingobuda mukubuda kwavo. Gare gare, Grechko akaitwa zvidzidzo zveUFological pamwe chete naVadim Chernobrov.
Muna 2006, vakaenda kumakungwa kuti vawane "bako raMosesi" uye "chena disco chinhu" paSinai muEjipitori. Makore mana gare gare, vatinoshanda navo vakarongwa kuti vabve mumusha weChapel mune Pavloevo-Posad District, iyo inoonekwa senzvimbo isina kujairika.
Mune memoirs, cosmonout inofunga nezvebasa resainzi uye nechitendero mugumo wevanhu uye kusvika kumhedziso yekuti sainzi isina kwayakarerekera kune yakanaka uye yakaipa. Sezvo vabereki vaisatenda kuti kuna Mwari, ambuya vemukomana vachiri mwana vakabhabhatidza muchivande muchivande muzukuru wavo. Asi yechipiri haina kuziva nezvazvo, zvakare zvakare yakagadzirwazve chekereke yesakaramende. Gare gare George Grechko akataura mune kuseka kuti aive nemutumwa maviri ekuchengetedza.
Mushure mekunge ndege, George Grechko aifanira kupindura mibvunzo yaifarirwa nevatori venhau: nezve vatorwa uye nezvaMwari. Cosmon Nhumbi Yakashandiswa Majee. Pakutanga, George akapokana kuti akaona UFO muPorthole. Ipapo cosmonnt yakadzora kuti yaive kuseka.
Mubvunzurudzo, GRCHKO akaudzawo Ayocdote nezvaMwari, kuvapo kweiyo kwakabvunzwa mushure mekutiza kweYuri Gagarin Nikita Krushchev uye Pope. Zvinorehwa nenhoroondo, zvichienderana neyakagadziriswa, yakaderedzwa kusvika kune chokwadi chekuti Mwari haafanire kucherechedza munzvimbo, asi mukugeza. Mavara mazhinji ezvekutonga akaonekwa seAphorisms uye akashandiswa sekanganiso.
Hupenyu Hwako
Hupenyu hwepedyo George hwakawedzerwawo nezviitiko, sezvinoratidzwa nemichato mitatu, iko kuvazhe kwevana nevazukuru. Vezera rake reTutinina Nina Viktorovna aive mukadzi wekutanga weMutyairi-Cosmonaut - Injiniya muGKB NPO "Energia". Muchato wechipiri nemudzidzisi wokumwe mutauro Kazekina Maya Grigorievna (1938 Bhavhare) Vana vaviri vakazvarwa - vanakomana Alexey (1958) naMikhal (1962).
Mukadzi wechitatu akava muLyudmila Kirillovna Akazvarwa muna 1953, akashanda senhapwa mukuru muCosmonautics Federation. Muna 1979, mwanasikana mwanasikana akaberekwa mumhuri.
George Mikhaillovich akave mazhinji akasiyana-siyana ezvekuita zvinhu: Skiing, akaburukira pasi pemvura aine aqualung, akaitwa mukupfura uye anodikanwa emota. Kubva ndichiri mudiki, mushure mekunge aratidzirwa nea albhamu nesitampu, achifadzwa naPhilatelee. Unganidzo yemhando yake yakazvipira kune nyeredzi.
Grechko aive anofarira fan yesainzi yesainzi uye mabasa ezvinyorwa zvemabhuku epasi rose: F. Dostoevsky, Green, R. Burns nevamwe. Iye amene akanyora zvakare uye akazova munyori wemabhuku akati wandei. Mumwe wavo "Cosmontaut No. 34. Kubva kuLuchin kune vatorwa" - ine ndangariro dzevanhu dzinobhururuka kuita nzvimbo, zvinosetsa uye zvimwe zvinosiririsa kubva muhupenyu. Kune akawanda akasiyana mafoto uye mifananidzo mubhuku.
Hutano hweVeteran yenzvimbo yemakore mazhinji hazvina kunetseka kuti Buckwheat, uye akaramba ari mukuru wezviduku, anogara muzana idzva.
Rufu
Pilot-Cosmonaut Georgy Gruchko akafa mangwanani aApril 8, 2017 kwemakore makumi masere nemasere ehupenyu. Ruzivo pakuratidzira kwekuparadza kwechipatara hakuna kusimbiswa. Sekureva kwemwanasikana wake, akauya kuchipatara kunobvunza chiremba. Kufa kwaGeorge Grechko akapukunyuka donhwe rakapinza mukumanikidzwa, kudzoreredza kuti kudzokorora kunoreva hakuna kubatsira.
Mumaminetsi ekupedzisira, mukadzi waLyudmila aive pedyo nemurume wake. Chikonzero cherufu chiri kukundikana kwemoyo. Mariro aGeorge Mikhailovich Grechko akaitika muna Kubvumbi 11 muMoscow paTrocerovsky Cemetery. Guva regamba reUSSR riri pane ally ye cosmonaus.
Mubairo
- 1961 - Medal "Yevashandi Musiyano"
- 1070 - menduru "rekushanda kwevashiri. Mukupembera kwegore regumi rekuzvarwa kwekuzvarwa kweV. I. Lenin "
- 1970 - Medal "kuitira kukudziridzwa kwemhandara"
- 1975, 1978 - menduru mbiri "nyeredzi nyeredzi" gamba reSoviet Union
- 1975, 1978, 1985 - matatu maodha eLenin
- 2011 - Medal "yekukodzera mukuvandudzwa kweCosmos"