Onor de Balzac - Biography, Mufananidzo, Hupenyu Hwako, Bibliography, Inoshanda

Biography

Onor de Balzac iri munyori weFrance uye imwe yeakanakisa Prosikokokokokokokokokokokokokokokov. Iyo biography yemuvambi wechokwadi yakafanana nemarongero emabasa ayo - adbulent adventures, zvisinganzwisisike mamiriro ezvinhu, kuoma kunzwisisa uye kwakajeka nezvakakwanirisa.

Musi waMay 20, 1799, mwana akaberekerwa mumhuri yakapusa muFrance (yeguta rwendo) mumhuri yakapusa, yakazova baba vepfungwa dzechisikigo. Baba Bernard Francois vaive nedzidzo yepamutemo, vakaita bhizinesi, vachitengesa nyika dzevarombo nevanobutswa. Kukurukurirana kwakadaro kwakamuunzira purofiti, saka Francois akafunga kuchinja surname yake kuti ave "pedyo" kuhungwaru. Se "hama", balssa akasarudza munyori - Jean-Louis Gez de Balzac.

Onor Amai, Anne-Charlotte Laura Salambay, aive nemidzi yemakore makumi matatu kusvika kumurume wake, akashevedzera hupenyu, kusununguka, kusununguka uye varume. Vadill havana kuvanda kubva kune mumwe mukadzi. Anna aive aine mwana wekuwedzera kwaakatanga kuratidza kutarisirwa zvakanyanya pane kumunyori wenguva yemberi. Kuchengeta kwaAndore kwaive kunyepa pane Cormuta, uye mushure mekunge mukomana atumwa kunogara mumba yekubhodhi. Kuva neukama hwechinyakare kwakaoma zita rakanaka uye nemwenje, matambudziko ane ruzivo uye kushushikana kwakazoratidza ivo pachavo mumabasa.

Vabereki vanoshuva Balzac kuti vagamuchire basa remutemo, saka mwanakomana wavo muWandom College nePamutemo Bias. Sangano redzidzo raive nemukurumbira kurangwa zvakanyanya, misangano ine vadiwa vakabvumidzwa chete kwezororo reKisimusi chete. Mukomana haawanzo kuomerera kumirau yenzvimbo, iyo yaakange awana mukurumbira wemabrobro uye asina kugadzikana.

Pazera ramakore gumi nemaviri, Onor de Balzac akanyora basa revana rekutanga, iro vaanodzidza navo vakaseka. Mudiki munyori akaverenga mabhuku eFrench Classics, nhetembo dzakanyorwa, mitambo. Nehurombo, manyoro evana vake haakwanise kuchengetedzwa, vadzidzisi vechikoro vakarambidza kuti mwana azokura kuverenga, uye rimwe zuva yakapiswa humwe humwe humbowo hwezvake zvekutanga "kurapa."

Zvinetso zvine chekuita nekutaurirana pakati pezera, nevadzidzisi, kushaya hanya kwekutarisisa ndiko kutaridzika kwechirwere kubva kumukomana. Pazera ramakore gumi nematatu, mhuri yakanyanya kurwara achiri kuyaruka kumba. Pakanga pasina mukana wekupora. Mune ino mamiriro akapedza makore akati wandei, asi achangobuda

Muna 1816, vabereki veBalzak vakatamira kuParis, uye ikoko vevachiri vevachiri vevachiri vevachiri kudzidza kuchikoro. Pamwe chete nekudzidza kwesainzi, Ohore akawana basa semabharani muhofisi yeUsarial, asi haina kufadza kubva pane izvi. Mabhuku Manila Balzac seMagineti, saka baba vakasarudza kutsigira mwanakomana wavo nenzira yekunyora.

Francois akavimbisa mari kwemakore maviri. Pakati peino nguva, iyo Oror inofanirwa kuratidza kugona kuita mari pane bhizinesi rake raanoda. Kusvikira 1823, Balzac akagadzira anenge mavhoriyamu makumi maviri emabasa, asi vazhinji vavo vaitarisira kukundikana. Dambudziko rake rekutanga "Cromll" raive rakaoma kushoropodzwa, uye gare gare Balzac amene akadaidza kusikwa kwechidiki ane mishonga.

Mabhuku

Mumabasa ekutanga, Balzac akaedza kutevera zvinyorwa, akanyora nezverudo, akaita mabasa ekuburitsa, asi asina kubudirira (1825-1828). Kumunyori anotevera emunyori akapesvedzera mabhuku eV. Scott, yakanyorwa mumweya wezverudo rwezvakaitika kare.

Zvadaro (1820-1830) Vanyori vaishandiswa chete marudzi maviri makuru:

1. Romanticism yemunhu wacho, chinangwa pakubata kwegamba, senge robinson crusoe.
2. Hupenyu nematambudziko egamba revhu zvine mutsindo zvakabatana nekusurukirwa kwaro.

Kudzokorora zvakare mabasa evanyori vanobudirira, Balzac akafunga kubva kure kure nebhuku remunhu, kuti awane chimwe chinhu chitsva. "Basa guru" remabasa ake rakatanga kuita hunhu hwegamba, asi nzanga yakazara. Mune ino kesi, iyo yemazuva ano Bourgeois Society yeNzvimbo Yake Yenzvimbo.

Muna 1834, Onoro inogadzira basa, rakanangwa pakuratidza "pendi dzehunhu" yenguva iyoyo uye inoshanda pairi muhupenyu hwake hwese. Iri bhuku rakazonzi rakazonzi "comedy yemunhu". Pfungwa yeBalzak yaive yekugadzira hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi hweFrance, i.e. Inyika yakadii, kupukunyuka shanduko.

Bhuku racho rekunyora rine zvikamu zvakati, kusanganisira rondedzero yezvinyorwa zvakasiyana:

1. "Etude nezve nravakh" (6 madhipatimendi).
2. "Uzivi zvidzidzo" (22 zvinoshanda).
3. "Ongororo dzekuongorora" (1 basa panzvimbo yemunyori 5-yakarongwa).

Iri bhuku rinogona kunzi nyanzvi. Inotsanangura vanhuwo zvavo, purofesa emagamba emabasa uye basa ravo munharaunda dzinoonekwa. "Vhomani yevanhu" izere nechokwadi chisina kujeka, zvese zvinobva kuupenyu, zvese nezvemoyo wemunhu.

Shanda

Onor de Balzac pakupedzisira akaumba nzvimbo dzehupenyu mumunda wekusika mushure mekunyora zvinotevera mabasa:

• Gobsek (1830). Pakutanga, chinyorwa chine zita - "Njodzi yekuvhiringidza." Heano maitiro akajeka akaratidzwa: makaro uye makaro, pamwe nekumanikidza kwavo pamazamu ehondo.
• "Shagreen ganda" (1831) - Iri basa rakaunza kubudirira kumunyori. Iri bhuku rinokanganiswa neyerudo uye hutsinye zvikamu. Inotsanangura zvakadzama mibvunzo yehupenyu uye mhinduro dzinogoneka.
• "Mukadzi ane makore makumi matatu nemana" (1842). Heroline huru yemunyori ane zvakawanda kubva pane zvakanakisa zvivakwa muhunhu, anotungamira hupenyu hwekusuka kubva pamaonero, pane kuratidza kune vaverengi kuti vaiverenga vanokanganisa vamwe vanhu. Apa Balzac mudro anogadza pfungwa pamusoro pechinhu chevanhu.

• "Yakarasika inyepedzeri" (bhuku racho muzvikamu zvitatu zve 1836-1842). Mubhuku rino, soor, so nguva dzose, yakakwanisa kusvika pane zvese, kugadzira mufananidzo wehupenyu hwetsika dzevagari veFrance. Zvakajeka zvinoratidzwa pabasa: kushungurudzika kwevanhu, chiono chesimba, hupfumi, kuzvivimba.
• "Glitter uye Urombo Kurtyzanok" (1838-1847). Uyu upfungwa hachizi pamusoro pehupenyu hwemachira eParishi, pakutanga unoonekwa kubva muzita rake, asi nezve kurwira kwenzanga yenyika uye nematsotsi. Rimwe basa rinopenya rinosanganisirwa mu "Wakawanda-Distri" "Comedy Human".
• Iko kusika uye biography yeiyo imwe de Balzac ndeimwe yemasangano ekudzidza zvinhu muzvikoro zvepasirese yenyika.

Hupenyu Hwako

Iwe unogona kunyora chinyorwa chakaparadzana nezve hupenyu hwega hwega hukuru Honore de Balzak, kudaidza kuti chii chisingabudiriri. Semwana, munyori mudiki akatangisa rudo rwemberi uye hupenyu hwekuziva hwaive hwekutsvaga hanya, kutariswa uye nyoro mune vamwe vakadzi. Aiwanzo famba murudo nevana vakura kupfuura pazera rake.

Munyori mukuru wezana ramakore rechi 19 rakanga risiri munhu akanaka, sezvinoonekwa mumufananidzo. Asi iye akakwana akakwana, runako, anokwanisa kukunda madiki ekuzvikudza manhamba ari mumonologue ari oga chete nePhiyano.

Mukadzi wake wekutanga akave Mai Laura de Bernie. Aive nemakore makumi mana. Yakanga iri mudiki kuna mai vake, uye, zvimwe, akakwanisa kutsiva, achiva musikana akatendeka uye zano. Mushure mekubviswa kwebhuku ravo, vaimbova vadikani vakachengeta hukama hushamwari, rinotsigira tsamba kusvika parufu.

Kana munyori akawana budiriro kubva kuvaverengi, akatanga kugashira mazana emavara kubva kuvakadzi vakasiyana, uye kamwe Balzac vakawana nyaya yemusikana asinganzwisisike anoyemurwa neine tarenda rehungwaru. Mavara ake akatevera akashandurwa kuti azivikanwe murudo. Kwenguva yakati, Sensor akaenzana nemweni, uye mushure mekunge vasangana muSwitzerland. Mukadzi wacho akabva aroorwa kuti hazvina kunyara nemunyori.

Mutorwa akanzi Eveveha Ganskaya. Aive akangwara, akanaka, mudiki (ane makore makumi matatu nemasere) uye akabva afarira munyori. Mushure mekunge Balzak akapa mukadzi uyu zita rerudo rukuru muhupenyu hwake.

Vanoda havawanzo kuonana, asi kazhinji vanodzosera, vakavaka hurongwa hwe ramangwana, nekuti Murume waEvelina aive nemakore gumi nematanhatu ekuzvarwa uye chero nguva aigona kusiira hupenyu. Kuva nerudo rwechokwadi mumoyo weGanskaya, munyori haana kuzvidzivirira kubva kune vamwe vakadzi.

Kana vhesi (murume) akafa, Evelina akasundira Blzahedhi, nekuti muchato wemuFrance akatyisidzira kupatsanurana kwake naAnholas i), asi mushure memwedzi mishoma akakokwa kuRussia (nzvimbo yake yekugara).

Makore 17 chete mushure mekufambidzana kwake, vaviri ava vakaroora (1850). Onor panguva iyoyo aive aine makore makumi mashanu nemashanu uye aive murume anofara kupfuura vese vari munyika, asi vakatadza kurarama hupenyu hwekuroora.

Rufu

Mumwe munyori ane tarenda aigona kufira muzera rechinguva apo rakatanga kukunda chirwere dzakasiyana siyana, asi nekuda kwekuda kwekuda uye kudiwa na Evelyn, akachengeta.

Chaizvoizvo mushure memuchato, Ganskaya akashanduka kuita mukoti. Vanachiremba vakarongedza kuongororwa kunotyisa kwehypertrophy yemoyo. Munyori aisakwanisa kufamba, kunyora uye kunyange kuverenga mabhuku. Mukadzi wacho haana kusiya mumwe wake, achida kuzadza mazuva ake ekupedzisira kuti ave nerunyararo, ane hanya uye nerudo.

Musi wa18, 1950, Balzac akafa. Iye amene, akasiya mukadzi wake nhaka isingafadzi - zvikwereti zvikuru. Eveve akatengesa zvese zvayo muRussia kuti abhadhare navo uye akaenda nemwanasikana wake kuParis. Ikoko, chirikadzi yakagadzirwa muchengeti pamusoro paiye amai vaPamberi uye makore makumi matatu nemashanu ehupenyu hwake akasara akazvipira kumabasa emabasa emabasa emudiwa womudiwa wemudiwa wemudiwa wemudiwa wemudiwa wemudiwa wemudiwa wemudiwa wemudiwa wemudiwa wemudiwa wacho.

BHAIBHERI

• Shuana, kana Brittany muna 1799 (1829).
• Shagreen dehwe (1831).
• Louis Lambert (1832).
• Banker House Nising (1838).
• Beatrice (1839).
• Mukadzi wakatsiga (1834).
• Kuponesa mashambadziro (1834).
• Muroyi (1834).
• Tsungirira kutsungirira (1834).
• Rassowing Berth (1834).
• Navesty (1834).
• Faichino kanna (1836).
• Zvakavanzika zvePrinjean de Cadisignan (1839).
• Pierre Grass (1840).
• Kufungidzira tterress (1841).