Biography
Vakashinga uye vanonamata vakadzi Julius Caesar - Great Commander uye Emperor, vanozivikanwa nekuita zvechiuto, pamwe nehunhu hwemutongi hwakava zita remutongi. Julius mumwe wevakakurumbira vatongi vaive nesimba muRoma yekare.
Zuva chairo romunhu uyu risingazivikanwe, vanyori venhoroondo vanoonekwa sekutenda kuti mukomana Julius Caesar akaberekerwa mu100 g. BC. Zvirinani zuva rakadaro rinoshandiswa nevanyori venhoroondo dzenyika zhinji, kunyangwe muFrance zvinofungidzirwa kuti Julius akaberekwa muna 101. Munyori wezvenhoroondo yeGerman aigara muzana remakore rekutanga aivimba kuti Kesari akazvarwa muna 102 BC, zvisinei, mafungidziro eAdodore mommeren haashandiswe mumabhuku emazuva ano nhoroondo.
Kusawirirana kwakadaro kwevakadzi vanokonzerwa nenyaya dzekutanga: masayendisiti ekare echiRoma haanawo kudzidza nezvezuva rechokwadi rekuzvarwa kwaKesari.
Mamambo weRoma uye mutungamiriri akabva azive mutsa wakakosha wePatricia Juliyev. Ngano dzinorondedzera kuti Dynasty iyi yakatanga naEyone, iyo, maererano neyunziyo yekare yechiGreek, yakava mukurumbira muhondo yeTrojan. Uye vabereki veEnea vari kubuda kubva kuGardani madzimambo eDardan ankhis uye mwari wekunaka uye anoda Aphrodite (maererano neyunzi reRoma reVenus). Nyaya yekubva kwaMwari yaJulia yaiziva iyo Nobiliti yeRoma, nekuti ngano iyi yakabudirira kuparadzaniswa nehama dzemutongi. Kesari pachavo, pane imwe nyaya, aifarira kuyeuka kuti kuna Mwari mumhuri yake. Masayendisiti akaisa mberi anofungidzira kuti mutongi weRoma anobva kuGood Yuliyev, avo vaive vatakurisa pakutanga kwekuvambwa kweRutano Republic mune v-iv mazana emakore eV-iV.
Masayendisiti akaisawo kufungidzira kwakasiyana-siyana nezvezita rezita raMambo "Kesari". Zvichida mumwe wedzinza raYouly akaberekerwa neCesarean chikamu. Iro zita remaitiro akaitika kubva kuIzwi Kesariya, zvinoreva kuti "Royal". Kune imwe pfungwa, imwe yemhando yechiRoma yakazvarwa nebvudzi refu uye rakareba, iro rakaratidzirwa neshoko rekuti "Kesarius".
Mhuri yeramangwana rePolicy yakararama mukubudirira. Kaesar guy baba vaJulius vakashanda munzvimbo yeNyika, uye amai vacho vakauya vachibva kune vane simba remhando yeCott.
Kunyangwe mhuri yemutungamiriri aive akapfuma, Kesari achipedza munzvimbo yeRoma yaPubura. Iyi nharaunda yakanga izere nevakadzi vezvinhu zviri nyore, uye zvakare akagara ipapo pane vakawanda varombo. Vanyori venhau venhau vanotsanangura kusimuka senge nzvimbo yakasviba uye yakasviba, isina njere.
Vabereki vaKesari vakatsvaga kupa mwanakomana wavo dzidzo huru: Mukomana akadzidza uzivi, nhetembo, oriritors, uye zvakare akagadziridzwa mumuviri wemuviri, akadzidza mumuviri. Masayendisiti Gall Mako Anthony Gniffon akadzidzisa mwero wechidiki Kesar mabhuku uye hunhu. Jaya raiita sainzi rakakomba uye rakakwana sesainzi, senge masvomhu uye geometry, kana nhoroondo nerwendo - bioghers isingazivikanwe. Guy Julius Cesar akagamuchira dzidzo yeRoma, kubvira ndichiri mudiki mutongi wenguva yemberi aive mutungamiriri uye haana kukanganiswa netsika yechiGiriki yechiGiriki.
Anenge 85g. BC. Jurilus akarasikirwa nababa vake, saka Kesari, somunhu oga murume, akazova mukuru wekudyidzana.
Zvematongerwo enyika
Mukomana angave anenge makore gumi nematatu, ramangwana remutungamiriri akasarudzwa kuvapirisita vaMwari mukuru muMy mythology yeJupita - zita iri nderimwe rematanho makuru eiyo Hierarchy. Nekudaro, hazvibviri kutumidza zita iri nekukodzera kwakachena kwejaya, nekuti hanzvadzi yaKesari, Julia, yakarooroora nemutungamiriri weRoma uye wezvematongerwo enyika.
Asi kuti azove achipfuta, maererano neMutemo, Jurilus aizowana, uye musoro wemauto aCorneli Qinna (Akakurudzira mukomana womupristi weMupristi) akasarudza Kaition - mwanasikana wake Cornilli.
Muna 82, Kaari aifanira kutiza kubva kuRoma. Chikonzero cheichi chaive chekuvandudzwa kwechiyero cheCornelia Sullia Ferikisi, uyo akatanga kudzvinyirira uye nezvematongerwo enyika ane ropa. Sulla Felix akauya naKesari kurambana nemukadzi wake Cornelia, asi Emperor Ramangwana rakaramba pane kutsamwisa kutsamwa kwemutungamiriri wokuita mutungamiriri. Zvakare Gugur Julius akadzingwa kubva kuRoma, nekuti aive hama yeanopikisa Lucius Cornelia.
Kesari akanyimwa musoro weFlamina, pamwe nekupa vakadzi uye yavo pfuma. Kuzvishingisa mumhembe dzevarombo, Julia aifanira kupukunyuka kubva kuhumambo hukuru.
Shamwari nehama dzakabvunza Sulla kuti vatsemure Julia, uye nekuda kwekukumbira kwavo, Kesari akadzoserwa kumusha kwake. Uyezve, mambo weRoma haana kuona njodzi pachiso chaJulia ndokuti kwaKesari zvakafanana naMari.
Asi hupenyu huchitungamirwa neutungamiri hweSellia Ferikisi hwaisava husinga tsarukirweva VaRoma, saka Guguus Julius Caesar akaenda kudunhu reRoma kuMalaa asia kuti adzidze kumauto ehondo. Ikoko akava mubatanidzwa Brand Brand Shona yacho, aigara muVaphia neKilikia, uye zvakare aipinda muhondo nehondo yechiGiriki ye methylene. Kutora chikamu mukutorwa kweguta, Kesari akaponesa musoja, kwaakagamuchira mubairo wechipiri wakakura kwazvo - korona yehurumende (oak wreath).
Muna 78 BC Vanotendi nezvemabasa eSulla, vagari veItari vakaedza kuronga kupandukira kweropa. Iye wekutanga ndiye Warlord uye Consul Mark Mako Emily Lepid. Mako akakoka Kesari kuti atore chikamu mukumukira mambo, asi Juliasi akabvuma kuramba.
Pashure porufu rwekudzvinyirira kwechiRoma, muna nguva yechiRoma, Kesari wedu arikuedza kukwezva matainoni maviri eFerikisi mutongi: Gante Cornelia dolabela uye Guy Anthony Gambid. Julia akaonekwa pamberi pevatongi vasati vataura zvine hunyanzvi, zvisinei, zviyero zvakakwanisa kudzivisa kurangwa. Kupiwa naKesari kwakanyorwa mune zvinyorwa uye zvakadzvanywa kuburikidza neRome yekare. Nekudaro, Julius akarangarira kunatsiridza hunyanzvi hwekutarisa uye akaenda kuRhodio: mudzidzisi weCicero, muridzo Apoloni Molon, akagara pachitsuwa ichi.
Vari munzira kuenda kuRhodes Caesar vakabatwa nemaPiresi emunharaunda vakakumbira ruregerero rwemberi remberi. Kuva mukutapwa, Julius haana kutya makororo, asi, pane kudaro, kuseka navo uye akataura nhetembo. Mushure mekuburitswa kwevashandi, Julius akashongedza squadron uye ikaisa pirates. Dare redzimbirira rwokupa Kesari akakundikana, saka akafunga kuita kuti vatadze. Asi nekuda kwekunyorova kwehunhu, pakutanga kwaJulius vakavaraira kuti vavauraye, vobva varoverera pamuchinjikwa pamuchinjiko, kuti makororo asina kutambudzwa.
Muna 73 g bc Julius akava chikamu chekoreji yepamusoro yevapristi, avo vakambotarisira mukoma waAmai Kaesari Guy Aubreli Cotta.
Muna 68 BC, Caesar anoroora Pompei, hama yeanoshamwaridzana, uyezve muvengi akaipisisa Gaya Julia Kesari Gesita Pompey. Makore maviri gare gare, mambo wenguva inotevera anogamuchira chinzvimbo cheMutungamiriri weRoma uye kuita nekuvandudzwa kweguta guru reItari, anobatsira mhemberero, anobatsira varombo. Uye zvakare, agamuchira musoro weSenator, anoonekwa pane zvematongerwo enyika kupfuura uye anowana mukurumbira. Kesari akatora chikamu muBerged Frugmentariate ("chingwa chingwa"), izvo huwandu hwevanhu vanowana chingwa pamutengo wakaderedzwa kana kugashirwa mahara, pamwe muna 49-44 Makore Julia akaitwa nhamba yekuchinja
Hondo
Hondo yeGallic ndiyo yakakurumbira chiitiko munhoroondo yeiyo yekare rome uye biography yeGule Julia Kesari.
Kesari akava prosonsul, panguva ino neItaly aive nedunhu reNarbonic Gallium (iyo nzvimbo yeiyo razvino France). Julius akaenda kunhaurirano nemutungamiriri wedzinza reGelcet, sezvo Gelviet akatanga kufamba nekuda kwekupinda kwevaGerman.
Nekuda kwekurwidza kwehunyanzvi, Kesari akakwanisa kunyengerera mutungamiri wedzinza kuti arege kupinda munharaunda yehushe hweRoma. Zvisinei, Gelviet yakaburitswa pakati peGalium, uko Edu, kubatana kweRoma kwakararama. Kutsvaga dzinza raCeltic Kaesari vakaputsa mauto avo. Panguva imwecheteyo, Julius akakunda maGerman akarwisa gallaan nyika iri mundima yerwizi rweRwizi. Hondo yapera, mambo akanyora chinyorwa nezvekukunda kweGariya "zvinyorwa nezvehondo yeGallic."
Muna 55 BC, mukuru weRoma akakundwa nemadzinza echiGerman akauya, gare gare, Kesari akasarudza kushanyira nzvimbo yevaGerman.
Kesari ndiye mukuru wekare weRoma, uyo akaita nhimbe yemauto ari munharaunda yeRina: YaJulia yaJulia yakanga ichifamba pamwe chete neyechikamu chemakumi mana-metring yakavakwa zvakanyanya. Zvisinei, munharaunda yeGerman, uto remutungamiriri weRoma rakanga risingavharwe, uye akaedza kuita nhimbe pazvinhu zveBritain. Ikoko, varwi veWarlord vakakunda vanokunda vanokunda, asi chinzvimbo cheuto reRoma hwaive husina kugadzikana, uye Kesari aifanira kudzoka. Mukuwedzera, muna 54 BC. Julius anomanikidzwa kudzokera kuGallia, kuitira kudzvinyirira mhirizhonga: gallas akapfuudza uto reRoma, asi akakundwa. Pakazosvika makumi mashanu BC, Guy Julius Caesar akadzoserwa ndima dzomuhushe hweRoma.
Munguva yehondo, Kesari airatidza hunhu, uye hunyanzvi hwekunyepedzera, aiziva nzira yekunyengedza vatungamiriri veGallic uye kukurudzira zvinopesana mukati mavo.
Udzvinyiriri
Mushure mekutorwa kwesimba reRoma, Julius akava mudzvanyiriri uye akanakidzwa nemamiriro ezvinhu. Kesari akachinja kuumbwa kweSeneti, pamwe nekushandurwa kwehumambo hweHumambo: Makirasi epasi akarega kuenderana neRoma, nekuti mudzvanyiriri akamiswa nekubhadhara kwemabasa uye akaderedza kugovera chingwa.Zvakare, kuve pasi pe post, Kesari anoitwa pakuvaka: Chivakwa cheKesari chitsva chakavakwa muRoma, apo musangano weSeneti wakaitwa, uye chifananidzo cherudo rwerudo nejulianov, iye mwarikadzi weVenus, yakaiswa paCentral Square yeguta guru reItari. Kesari akatumidzwa zita namambo, zvifananidzo zvake uye mifananidzo yakashongedzwa tembere uye migwagwa yeRoma. Izwi rimwe nerimwe remutungamiriri weRoma rakaenzana nemutemo.
Hupenyu Hwako
Mukuwedzera kuCornilla nePompeii Sulla, mambo weRoma aive nevakadzi vazhinji. Mukadzi wechitatu, Julia, ndokuva Callurnia phmansion, iyo yakabva kumhuri yemhuri yakanaka uye yaive hama yaaigara naye amai Kesari. Kuroora kune mukuru wemusikana uyo musikana akapihwa muna 59 BC, chikonzero chewanano iyi chinotsanangurwa nezvinangwa zvezvematongerwo enyika, mushure mekumweva kwemuchato, Baba callurntia vanova musangano.
Kana tikataura nezve hupenyu hwepabonde hwaKesari, ipapo mudzvanyiriri weRoma waive nerudo uye aive nehukama nevakadzi kudivi.
Iyo zvakare inomhenekera kuti Julius Caesar aivepo nevaJesari uye akawana mufaro wemukati nevarume, semuenzaniso, vanyori venhoroondo vanorangarira hukama hwehudiki neNikomed. Pamwe nyaya dzakadai dzaingova chete nekuti Kesari akaedza kuchera.
Kana tikataura nezveVatambudzo vane mukurumbira vezvematongerwo enyika, saka basa riri parutivi rwemutungamiriri rakanga riri basa racho raive basa - mukadzi werudzi rweJuni Brute uye mwenga wechipiri wekutambudza weSilanweli.
Kesari aigona kukwanisa kuda kushandira, saka ndakaedza kuzadzisa zvishuvo zvemwanakomana wake, zvichiita kuti mumwe wevanhu vekutanga kuRoma.
Asi mukadzi anozivikanwa kwazvo wemambo weRoma ndiye Mambokadzi weIjipita Cleopatra. Panguva yemusangano une hurumende, akange aine makore makumi maviri nemasere, kwaKesari aive makumi mashanu: Iyo Laurel wreath yakanga yakafukidzwa neLysin, uye mapatya aive pachiso. Pasinei nezera, mambo weRoma akakunda runako rwechidiki, kuvapo kwerombo rakanaka kwevadikani vakaenderera makore mazana maviri nemazana maviri uye vakapedza apo Kesari akaurayiwa.
Zvinozivikanwa kuti Julia Kesari aive nevana vaviri: mwanasikana wokuroora chaJuliia neMwanakomana, akazvarwa kubva kuCleopatra, Ptolemy Caesarion.
Rufu
Emperor weRoma akafa muna Kurume 15, 44 Kuguva yedu. Iko kukonzera rufu ndiko kurangana kwevasenors avo vakagadzirira nekuda kwegore rechina rekudzvinyirira mutemo. 14 Vanhu vakatora chikamu pakurangana, asi chinhu chikuru chinoonekwa seMako, brut, mwanakomana webasa, tenzi wa mambo. Kesari aida kutyisidzirwa uye aivimba naye, achiisa murume wechidiki munzvimbo yakakwirira uye achibva mukuomerwa. Nekudaro, mumwe anozvipira waMako, Mako, zvezvinangwa zvezvematongerwo enyika, aive akagadzirira kuuraya munhu anomusunungura pasina.
Vamwe vanyori venhau vezvakaitika kare vakatenda kuti Brut aive nemwanakomana waKesari, akateedzana aive nehukama hwerudo nemutungamiriri panguva yekufunga nezve ramangwana rekufunga, asi dzidziso iyi haina kukwanisa kusimbiswa nezvinyorwa zvakavimbika.
Zvinoenderana nengozi, zuva risati rangana kurangana kuzorwa naKesari, mudzimai wake Callpaya akaona hope dzaityisa, asi mambo weRoma aivimba, zvakare, akazvitenda neanouraya - akatenda mukufanorongerwa zviitiko.
Vakuru vakaungana muchivako uko kuunganidzwa kweseneti kwakaitika, padyo neTheatre Pompeii. Hapana munhu aida kuve oga kuuraya kwaJulia, saka kwakafungidzirwa kuti matsotsi ayo ainyorera munhu wese kune mudzvanyiriri wekurova kumwe chete.
Munyori wezvenhau wekare weSvoniy akanyora kuti paakawonekwa naJesari, akabvunza kuti: "Uye iwe, mwana wangu?", Uye mubhuku rako, Shakespeare anonyora chirevo chakakurumbira: "Uye iwe, brut?"
Rufu rwaKesari rwakakurudzira kudonha kweHurumende yeRoma: vagari veItari, vaikoshesa hurumende yaKesari, yakava nehasha nekuda kwekuti boka revaRoma rakauraya mambo mukuru. Zvinoshamisa kuti vakarangana, Kesari akatumidzwa zita rekuti chete mugari wenhaka - Guy Octavian.
Chokwadi chinonakidza
Hupenyu Julia Kesari, pamwe nenyaya dzemutungamiriri, dzakawanda muzvinhu zvinonakidza uye mgLY:
- Mwedzi Chikunguru ainzi Emperor weRoma;
- Vakararama panguva yaKesari vakapopotedzana kuti mambo awireya;
- Munguva yekurwira kweMutambo, Kesari anogara akanyora chimwe chinhu pamapepa emapepa. Mutongi apera akabvunza kuti akagadzwa sei kuzadzisa zviitiko zviviri panguva imwechete? Zvaakapindura kuti: "Kesari anogona kuita zvinhu zvitatu panguva imwe chete, uye unyore, tarisa, uteerere." Uku kutaura kwave kupukuta, dzimwe nguva Kesari ari kuseka munhu panguva imwe chete anotorwa kwenguva imwe chete.
- Anenge ese mafoto emifananidzo Guy Julius Caesar anoonekwa pamberi pevateereri mune laurel wreath. Chokwadi, muupenyu, mukuru wemauto aigara achipfeka iyi dzinza repamusoro, nekuti yakange yasvika yekutiza;
- Inenge gumi mafirimu akavezwa nezvemutungamiriri mukuru, asi havasi vese vanhu vepamoyo. Semuenzaniso, muThe TV SEV, Mutongi anoyeuka kumukira kweSpartacus, asi mamwe masayendisiti anotenda kuti mutungamiriri maviri anosunga chokwadi chekuti vaive vakararama panguva iyoyo;
- Izwi rekuti "rakauya, saw, akakunda" ndezvaGai Julia Kesari: Mutungamiriri akataurirana mushure mekutora Turkey;
- Kesari akashandisa cipher yekunyongana tsamba nemutungamiriri. Kunyangwe iyo Ciper's Cipiting iri yekutanga: Tsamba iri muShoko yakatsiviwa nechiratidzo icho chaive kuruboshwe kana kurudyi mune mavara;
- "Kesari anozivikanwa" Kesari "haana kutumidzwa zita mushure mekunge mutongi weRoma, asi mukuremekedza mubiki akagadzira nzira yekubheka.
Quotes
- "Kukunda kunoenderana nemhare yemauto."
- "Kana munhu achida mumwe - unozvidaidza sezvaunoda: uranda, rudo, ruremekedzo ... asi izvi hazvisi rudo - rudo runogara ruchidzoreredza!"
- "Rarama kuti azive anokanganisika kana iwe uchifa."
- "Hapana kukunda kuchaunza zvakanyanya sekukunda kumwe chete."
- "Hondo inopa kodzero yekukunda kuti iite kukunda kwekukunda chero mamiriro ezvinhu."