Biography
Pablo Picasso itshandurwi yeSpanish, muvambi wechibharo, kuti ongorora bhuku racho nguva dza2009, ane mukurumbira artist XX Century.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Ramangwana rejenti rakaberekerwa muna Gumiguru 25, 1881 muAnalusia, mumusha weMalaga. Baba José Ruiz raitwa vachipenda pendi. Ruzi haruna kukurumbira pabasa rake, saka ndakamanikidzwa kuwana basa mumuseum yemunharaunda yehunyanzvi hwakanaka nemutariri. Amai Maria Picasso Lopez vaive vebudiriro yevaridzi veminda yemazambiringa, asi sezvo paudiki hwakawana pazvido pamusoro pake, sezvo baba vake vakakanda mhuri yake ndokutamira kuAmerica.
Josefa naMariya paakanga aine dangwe, akapendwa nezita rePablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan NeMemused Maria de Los Forme Trispini Diz naPicassos Mushure mekuzvarwa kwaPablo mumhuri, vamwe vasikana vaviri vakaoneka - Dolores uye mukwaniri, iye amai vaida, mwanakomana usingashivirirwe mwanakomana.
Iye mukomana aive akanaka kwazvo uye ane tarenda. Pazera ramakore manomwe, akatotanga kubatsira baba vake mukunyora canvas. Pana13, Jose akatendera Mwanakomana wake kuti apedze chikamu chehuwandu hwebasa uye akashamiswa nehunyanzvi hwePablo. Mushure meichiitiko ichi, zvese zvehunyanzvi zvaBaba vake vakapa mukomana, uye iye amene akamira kunyora.
Zvidzidzo
Mugore rimwe chetero, jaya iri rinopinda mudzidzisi yehunyanzvi kuna Barcelona. Pablo haina kukwanisa nyore nyore kugonesa vashandi vekudzidzisa veyunivhesiti mune yake nyanzvi yekuenderana. Mushure memakore matatu ekudzidza, kutora ruzivo, mudzidzi wechidiki anoshandurwa kuMadrid San Fernando Academy, kupi kweGore zvidzidzo zvebasa revashandi veSpanish, Francisco Goya naEl Greco. Pano picasso inogadzira pendi "Kutanga Kuchinjira", "Kuzvifunga", "Mufananidzo wamai".Mudiki wekurwadziwa haana kukwanisa kuve nekuda kwehunhu hwakanyanya uye mararamiro emahara ekugara mumadziro echikoro, saka, kukanda zvidzidzo zvake, Pablo anotangwa mukushambira kwemahara. Yayo padhuze neiyo nenguva iyo iyo imwe chete stroke mudzidzi weAmerican Mudzidzi Carles Carles Carles Kalaagema, uyo Pablo akadzokorora kushanyira Paris.
Nhamo dzekutanga shamwari dzakazvipira pakudzidza kwekupenda Deltrox, Toulouse Lotrek, Van Gogh, Guugungen, pamwe neFrescoes yekare, fani yeIjipita, jegiri reJapan. Vechiduku Vakatanga kuzivana kwete chete nevamiriri veBohemia, asiwo nevateresi vakapfuma.
Zvisikwa
Kekutanga, Pablo anotanga kusaina pendi yake nePseudonym Picasso, zita remusikana wekupedzisira waamai vake. Muna 1901, dambudziko racho rinoitika, rakaripa basa remuimbi: Shamwari yake inopedza hupenyu hwake kuzviuraya nekuda kwerudo rusina kunaka. Mukurangarira chiitiko ichi, Pablo inogadzira dzakateedzana pendi dziri tsika kune yekutanga "nguva yebhuruu".
Kuwanda kwemaruva ebhuruu uye grey mumaruva ari mumaruva anotsanangurwa kwete chete kune iyo nguva yekuora mwoyo yejaya iri, asiwo kushayikwa kwemari pane imwe pendi yemamwe mimvuri. Picasso anonyora anoshanda "mufananidzo weJayme Sabartes", "Zuva", "dambudziko", "muJudha mukomana nemukomana." Zvese pendi zvinoumbwa nekunzwa kunetseka, kushungurudzika, kutya uye kusuwa. Maitiro ekunyora anova angular, akabvarurwa, iyo tarisiro inotsiviwa neyekuomesesa contours yeiyo flat.
Muna 1904, kunyangwe kushaikwa kwemari, Pablo picasso kunogadziriswa pakutamira kuguta guru reFrance, uko matsva matsva uye zviitiko zvakamirira. Shanduko yekugara yakapa impterus kusvika kune yechipiri nguva yekugadzira yeMartist, uyo anonzi "pink". Muzviremekedzo zvakawanda, kufara kwependi uye yavo kuronga tambo kwakabata nzvimbo iyo Pablo Picasso.
Pazasi pegomo reMontmartreh mimiti yakamira muMedriko, vane vaartts vaishandira nemhando yemabasa evechidiki. Kwemakore maviri, akateerana pendi "mutambi" akanyorwa kuti, "akagara asina kugadzikana", "mukadzi ari muhembe", "acrobat. Amai nemwanakomana, "" mhuri yeMambo vezviyo ". Muna 1905, iyo canvasi yakakosha kwazvo yenguva iyi "Musikana padombo" rakaonekwa. Mushure memakore masere, iyo firimu yakawana Mufambiro weRussia weI. A. Moraziv, uyo akauya nacho kuRussia. Muna 1948, musikana ari papepa rakaratidzwa mumuseum. A. S. Pushkin, uko kuchiri.
Iyo Artist zvishoma nezvishoma inoenda kubva kumufananidzo wechisikigo seyakadai, motifs yemazuva ano inoonekwa mubasa rake uchishandisa nzira dzakacheneswa dzeGeometrical, iyo chimiro chemufananidzo chinoratidzwa chakanyorwa. Picasso Intuitively akasvikira kutungamira kutsva, paakasika mufananidzo wefani uye pecnifiers gertruda stein.
Pazera ramakore makumi maviri nemasere, picasso inonyora iyo firimu "Varaton vasikana", iyo yave iyo yakatangira yemabasa akanyorwa mumhando yechibharo. Chiratidzo chinosangana nazvo, pane icho chishuvo chakaratidzirwa, chakakwaziswa nekuyerera kukuru kwekutsoropodzwa, asi Pablo Picaso akapfuurira kukudziridzwa kwenzira yakawanikwa.
Kubvira 1908, bidhoni uye ndiro, "vakadzi vatatu", "mukadzi naFan", "murimi weAbbruz Volar", "chirimwa cheHorta de San Johan", "Mufananidzo weFernandand Oliver", "Mufananidzo weCanvayler", "zvakadaro Hupenyu nechigaro wicker "," Penno Bhodhoro "," Violin neGuitar ". Basa idzva rinoratidzwa nekuvandudzwa zvishoma nezvishoma kwemifananidzo yemifananidzo, kusvika pakubvisa. Pakupedzisira, Pablo Picasso, kunyangwe nyonganiso, anotanga kuwana zvakanaka: Paintings yakanyorwa mune itsva chimiro, uyai purofiti.
Muna 1917, Pablo Picasso akakwanisa kushandira pamwe ne "nguva dzeRussia" Sergey Dyagilev. Jean Cockke akataura mutsa webevere yeBallet Baldicy yeiyo muimbi weSpanish seMusiki wemateti kune nzvimbo uye zvipfeko zvezvigadzirwa zvitsva. Kuti vashande panguva iyoyo, Picaso akatamira kuRoma, kwaakasangana newayo wekutanga Olga Khokhlova, mutambi weRussia, mwanasikana wemumwe mukuru.
Hupenyu hwakajeka hwehupenyu hwakaratidzwa pabasa remuimbi - panguva yePicasso anoenda kubva kuCubishi, uye anogadzira macheka akati wandei mumweya wechokwadi yechokwadi. Izvi zvinonyanya "mufananidzo waOlga muchigaro", "Vanoshamba", "vakadzi vanomhanya vachikomberedza pamhenderekedzo", "Mufananidzo wePicasso munda."
Surrealism
Kutsvaira hupenyu hweanopfuma buurgeois, Pablo Picasso anodzokera kune aimbova munhu webhuma. Iyo shanduko iyo nzvimbo yakanyorwa nekunyora muna 1925 yekutanga kupenda nenzira ye "kutamba". Mifananidzo yakashata yekutamba, kunzwa kwese kwekurwadziwa kwakagadziriswa kwenguva yakareba iri pabasa remuimbi.Kusagutsikana kwehupenyu hwega kwakaratidzwa mumifananidzo yevakadzi yepakati ye pikaso "girazi", "Musikana pamberi pegirazi." Muma 1930s, Pablo akatanga kufarira kugadzira mifananidzo. Mabasa "mukadzi anoreva nhema", "murume ane bouque" anooneka. Imwe yekuedza kwemhizha inova kusikwa kwemifananidzo nenzira yekunyora mabasa eOvidh uye Arristophan.
Mauto nguva
Munguva yemakore ekuchinja kweSpanish nehondo, Pablo Picasso iri muParis. Muimbi muna 1937 anogadzira canvas "Gernik" mumatema akasviba uye chena nekutaura nehurumende yeSpain yeSpain yekuratidzira kwepasirese muParis. Guta diki kuchamhembe kweSpain rakabviswa zvachose kubva pachiso chetsime ra1937 nekupiwa kweGerman. Nhamo dzevanhu yakaratidzwa mumifananidzo yakabatana yemhombwe yemushwi wemufi, Amai vanomuka vanopopotera munzvimbo dzevanhu. Chiratidzo chehondo muPicasso chinova mufananidzo weiyo minotur nzombe nemaziso makuru asina hanya. Kubva 1992, iyo canvas inochengetwa muMadrid Museum.
Pakupera kwe 30s, iyo mifananidzo "husiku kubata hove paAntibah", "achichema mukadzi" anooneka. Munguva yehondo, picasso haina kutama kubva kuParis yaigarwa nemaGerman. Kunyangwe mumamiriro ezvinhu emumba akamanikana, muimbi akaramba achishanda. Mumapendi ake "Achiri - Hupenyu neBull Bull", "Mangwanani Serenade", "kuuraya" uye kuongorora "murume ane gwayana rerufu nehondo.
Post-Hondo
Mufaro wehupenyu zvakare mune pendi dzeTenzi dzakagadzirwa muPost-Nguva. Ruvara rwePalette Mifananidzo uye Mifananidzo yakajeka yakawanikwa muutsi ravo mukufamba kwehupenyu hwemararamiro, iyo picasso yakagadzirirwa kuunganidzwa wega muunganidzirwe neVaridzi vechiArtists uye Claude kare.Nhoroondo dzekare dzechiGreek dzinova dingindira raunofarira wenguva ino yePicasso. Inowana kusiri mudenga kwete chete mumatanda akanaka chete vetenzi, asiwo mune ceramics, iyo picasso yakatanga kufarira. Muna 1949, kune World Congress yevatsigiri venyika, muimbi anonyora njiva "njiva yenyika". Inogadzira tenzi uye dzakasiyana mumhando yechibharo pane misoro yemapendi ezvakapfuura - Velasquez, Gya, mana.
Hupenyu Hwako
Kubva pamakore evechidiki, Picaso aigara achida mumwe munhu. Mukuyaruka, simulator nevatambi vakave shamwari uye mushe vevhu novice. Rudo rwekutanga rwevadiki Pablo Picasso akasangana naBarcelona. Musikana uyu akanzi Rosita del Oro, akashanda mukabati. MuMadrid, muimbi akajairana naFernando, ayo kwemakore akati wandei akava musikana wake akatendeka. MuParis, mugumo wejaya ane miniature Marseille umbuya, uyo munhu wese wese ainzi Evha, asi rufu rukuru rwemusikana akapatsanurwa vanoda kuda.
Kushanda muRome neRussia Ballet troupe, Pablo picasso marora Olga Khokhlova. Vachangobva kuchata vakaroora mutembere yeRussia vari kunze kweParis, ndokuzotamira kuimba yemukati pamhenderekedzo yegungwa. Dowry vasikana, pamwe nemari yemari kubva kutengeswa kwemabasa ePicasso akatendera mhuri kutungamira hupenyu hwehupenyu hwepfuma. Makore matatu mushure memuchato, Olga naPablo wedangwe, mwanakomana Paulo.
Munguva pfupi, Picasso anofara nehupenyu hwakanaka uye zvakare anova muimbi wakasununguka. Akagara zvakasiyana nemukadzi wake uye anotanga kusangana nemusikana wechidiki Marie-terez walter. Kubva mumubatanidzwa wekupedzisira muna 1935, mwanasikana waMayan mwanasikana anooneka, uyo picasso haana kuziva.
Mukati mehondo, iyo Yugoslav mugari, mutungamiriri weYugari Dor Maar, akasundira muimbi kuti atsvage mafomu matsva uye achigutsikana nebasa rake panguva yehondo. Dora akagara munhoroondo semuridzi weunganidzwa mukuru wePicasso Paintings, zvaakachengeta kusvika kumagumo ehupenyu hwake. Mifananidzo yake yeGernik cann cann canon inozivikanwawo, iyo nzira yese yekugadzira mufananidzo inoratidzirwawo.
Pashure pehondo, muimbi anowanzojairana neFrancoise, ayo akaita chinyorwa chemufaro pabasa rake. Vana vanoonekwa pasi - mwanakomana waNlaude nemwanasikana waParomi. Asi pakutanga kwemakumi matanhatu, Jacqueline anosiya tenzi nekuda kwefuma yake yekugara. Mushumo wekupedzisira uye wechipiri mukadzi wemuimbi ane makore makumi masere emakore anowanzoita mutengesi weJacqueline Rock, yaive pabhasi Pablo uye yaive nesimba rakakura pakutaurirana. Mushure mekufa kwePicasso, mushure memakore gumi nematatu, Jacqueline akatadza kumira kupatsanurwa uye akazviuraya.
Rufu
Muna 1960s, picasso zvizere inopa zvese zvakasikwa zvevakadzi zvevakadzi. Semufani, muimbi anomisa mukadzi wake wekupedzisira Jacqueline Rock. Pakupera kwehupenyu hwake, Pablo Picasso anga atove Stimillion State uye akati wandei makiyi.Makore matatu asati afa muGariya muBarcelona, mamusangano wezita rake akasvinudzwa, uye makore gumi nemaviri mushure mekufa kwake - museum muParis. Kune yavo yakareba yekugadzira biography, picasso yakagadzirwa 80 zviuru zviteshi, zvinopfuura 1000 zviyero, macolades, fananidzo, etampi.
Kubvumbi 8, 1973 kupesana nemamiriro ekuzvimba kwemapapu, moyo wemakore makumi maviri nemanomwe wakamira.
Pendi
- "Kutanga Kudyidzana", 1895-1896.
- "Musikana ari mundiro", 1905
- "Harlequin akagara pabenji red red", 1905
- "Musikana Muhembe", 1905
- "Mhuri yeMambo dzeMambo", 1905
- "Mufananidzo weGerruda Stein", 1906
- Avignon Chishandiso, 1907
- "Mukadzi mudiki", 1909
- "Amai nemwana" 1922
- "Gernik", 1937
- "Mukadzi Anochema", 1937
- "Francoise, Claude naPaloma", 1951
- "Murume nemukadzi vane bouquet", 1970
- "Hugs", 1970
- "Vaviri", 1973