Nhoroondo Yemunhu
Kune anoshanda anoshanda anoratidza mweya wenguva nani pane zvinyorwa zvinyorwa. Mune rondedzero yakadaro, iwe unogona kugadzira "Jane Mhepo" Charlotte Bronte, "Don Quixe" Mighusi De Seliles, "Hondo nerunyararo" rwe "Faust", ndiani anowanzodaidzwa kuti Testamende yeTheSitiki kubva goethe.
Chokwadi, iyi isinganzwisisike nedambudziko rakaipa uye rakawana boka revatariri pasi rose, uye mazita evaHagari akatemerwa. MuRussia, shanduro yebasa rehondo, iyo yakasikwa makore makumi matanhatu okukura, yakanga yave kuita Boris Passpak, Valery Byusov, Nikolay Khuvsky nevamwe Vamiriri veVamiriri vekare.
Mukuwedzera, kushaya dambudziko raive bhuku raunofarira neMikhail Bulgakov, rakakwereta chisingarambiki zano kugadzira "tenzi uye margarita". Kunyangwe iye ari munyori wemba "aimbove achiti VOTototypes, vatsvagiri vanobvuma kuti Satani haana kufanana ne" chikamu chesimba raanogara achida kuti huve hwakashata uye hunogara huchibatsira "- Mephistofel.
Nhoroondo Yezvisikwa
Mukuru weGerman German Johann Wolfgang Gols paGoogle Workoms World "SEATER" Hupenyu Hwake hweNyika, izvo zvinotanga basa rake ne "Dutu uye Rwakasarudzika" uye zvinopera na romanticism.
Iri basa, iro rakaunza goeth lavra rukudzo, raive rakaringana nemunyori achiri makore makumi maviri nemasere, uye akapedza kudzidza kubva parufu rwake risati raveura. Ehezve, munyori ane mamwe mabasa akanaka akagadzira nhaka yekuverenga, asi yaive "fara" yakazova pamusoro pehurumende yeGerman.
Wizard yakafemerwa neyekare folklore; Maererano nengano, kusveta vaive ne prototype, iyo yaigara muhafu yekutanga yezana ramakore regumi nematanhatu. Chaizvoizvo Johann Galford Chiremba ane moyo munyaradzi uye airwiriridzirwa, ane biography ane musoro wave wakashata zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinyorwa.
Naizvozvo, gohwo harisi chinhu chinoshamisa, nekuti basa rinonzi "nyaya pamusoro pevaheya vaJohanne Farte, vanozivikanwa kwazvo nehondo" vakadzoka muna 1587. Pamusoro pezvo, Jacob Michael Lenz, Friedrich Klintian Klinter nevamwe vanyori, uye nhamba yemitambo, uye nhamba yemitambo yemitambo yaiwanzoita kuti gamba rirambe riwanzoitika
Sekureva kwengozi, kusevha vadiki kwakagamuchira degree rebachelor muzvidzidzo zvouMwari, uye ndokutanga kudzidza "mashiripiti anoshanda" muKrakow University. Pashure pokunge Johann asinganzwisiswe ne "sainzi" yeAza, akaenda kumadokero kutenderera nyika, kwaakazvipa kuna n'anga pamberi pevanhu vakatyamadza uye akataura kuti akakwanisa kugadzira zvishamiso zvaJesu Kristu, zvakare Kana ndikagadzirazve mabasa ake ega emabasa evazivi vekare, Plato kana Aristotle.
Izvo zvakasikwa zvekuti zviremera hazvina kufanana neAdventures yaJohann, uyo wakavhenekera muapwere zvese zvisina musoro. Naizvozvo, munguva pfupi, FAT yakatumirwa kubva kuMinolstadt, uyezve zviremera zvepamusoro, iwo misoro yaNuremberg, yakarambidzwa ne "sodhoma huru uye pinda munharaunda yeguta. Goethe akatadza kubatsira asi kukurudzira hunhu hwakadai, asi pamapeji ekunyora anonzi hukuru hweHenry Henry Henry, uye kwete zita rezita rake amene.
Munguva kubva muna 1774 kusvika 1775, Goethe akanyora basa re "prafust ibasa re" Prafust ", rinomiririra vaverengi vehunyanzvi hwekuchengeta Rebar, uyo anoda kunzwisisa chakavanzika chezvakasikwa. Muna 1790, magaro emabhuku ebhuku zvidimbu akaona ndima ye "Faustta", uye chikamu chekutanga chakabudiswa chete muna 1808. Chikamu chekutanga chenhamo chinoratidzwa nechiitiko uye kuzvigutsa zvezviitiko, nepo kuumbwa kwechipiri kune imwe chete nhamba.
Kwechikamu chechipiri chenhamo, goeth yakatanga makore 17 gare gare. Zvakakodzera kutaura kuti zvakaoma kuona muverengi asina kugoverwa, nekuti goeth arikushandura vadikani vevababhuku kwete chete kurangana kwakanyanya, asiwo muhunyanzvi hwekuratidzira, kushamwaridzana kusinganzwisisike uye kushamwaridzana kusinganzwisisike. Mudetembi anoratidza kuti "vateereri" hupenyu hwechiriko hwazvino. Nekudaro, muridzi webhuku anonzwa kubatana kusingaenzaniswi pakati pechiripo uye zvekare.
Elena's Episode, iyo yaive yekufunga kumashure muna 1799, yakapera nendima muna 1826, uye mushure memakore mana, Goethe akagara pasi pekunyora iyo "Clapurgian Husiku". Pakati pezhizha ra 1831, nguva pfupi asati afa, munyori akapedza basa rake rakakosha. Tevere, iyo isingazivikanwe yakagadzirirwa kusimbisa envelopu uye yakabviswa kunyorera chete mushure mekufa kwake: Chikamu chechipiri che "Faustta" chakaona mwenje muna 1832, munhoroondo ye18, akaunganidzwa emabasa "akaunganidzwa".
Mufananidzo uye zano
Iyo biography yeFintil Faution inofukidzwa neHOLE yeChakavanzika. Zvinozivikanwa kuti hupenyu hwake hwese kuda kusava nehanya. Baba vemunhu mukuru aive chiremba akabva siblos kune rudo rusingaperi resainzi.
Pasinei nokunyengera kwekurapa, mubereki wekutya aisakwanisa kuponesa vese varwere. Munguva yedenda redenda, zviuru zvevarwere vakafa mazuva ese. Ipapo munhu anofa akatendeukira kuna Denga, kuti Mwari arege kuyerera rufu. Asi sezvo jaya racho risina kumirira kubatsirwa, akaramba chinamato uye akatanga kupinza sainzi. Kana iwe ukatarisa kuimba yekufarira yekushanda, iwe unogona kucherechedza marara, magirazi egirazi, machubhu, mabhuku nemakemikari.
Nenhamwaridzana, munyori anounza vaverengi pamapeji ekutanga ebasa racho. Goethe nekukurumidza kunyudza vaverengi muuzivi, kuita gakava pamusoro petsika dzevanhu uye dzinofunga nezvematambudziko e "denga, pasi negehena". Mukutanga, ngirozi, mephistole uye Mwari anooneka. Kukurukurirana kunomuka pakati pevamiriri vezviitiko zvakasiyana nezvakanaka nezvakaipa, umo zita rekufa raitaurwa pakutanga.
Vatongi veDenga vanovimbisa muedzi kuti chiremba muranda akatendeka, uye mephistol anoona chimiro chinopesana negamba, kumupa hunhu hwakadai:
"Uye anomhanyira kuhondo, uye anofarira kutora zvipingamupinyi, uye anoona chinangwa, mudiwa aenda, uye anodiwa kubva kudenga kwenyeredzi mumubairo uye mafaro akanaka - muvhu."Ipapo Mwari akapa mupfuri mukana wekuyedza kuti munhu ashandure, achitenda kuti kunamatwa kwejaya kuchamuburitsa kubva chero kufa. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti muedzi anosangana nachiremba paakatopfuura hupenyu hwake hwakaoma.
Mweya wakaipa wakauya kumusha panguva iyoyo paakafunga kuzviuraya, nekuti zvakaodzwa mwoyo mukuedza kwake. Inofanira kucherechedzwa kuti MEphistofel, seWoove, haina kumbofanana nemutsara kubva kune ngozi vanhu. Semuenzaniso, iri pabasa reNikolai Gogol "husiku pamberi peKisimusi", muridzi wenyanga uye mahwanda amachirimu asingachenesa uye haaratidzike mukuvaverenga zvakaipa.
MEphistofel, uyo anoda kubuda mumuhwuno kubva mukubheja, anosundira munhu zvakaipa, asi zvisingatarisirwi pamunhu mukuru mu "nguva dzekuyedza" dzinosvinudza mapato akanaka. Chinhu chekutanga icho chinopihwa nharo chinopa kujairana naye ndechekuenda kuCabac Cabac yeMutambo wevadzidzi. Dhiyabhorosi anotarisira kuti kunyepedzera kuchaita nguva yake mukambani yezvinwiwa zvinopisa uye vachatarisira kutsvagurudza kwake, asi munhu ari nyore kuputsa, nekuti gamba iri risingagamuchire nzanga yedhaka.
Zvadaro, nerubatsiro rweHoroch Charchi, Dhiyabhorosi anodzosera pfungwa kune wechidiki mutariro kuti protagonist inopa hanya nemanzwiro erudo. Chokwadi, chiremba anowira murudo nerunako rweMargarita, asi pano Mephistol akakundwa, nekuti kuda uku kwesainzi kunobva kwatsiviwa nerudo rwechokwadi.
Kuzvidzivirira
Nhamo pamusoro pekurwa kwezvakanaka nezvakaipa zvakava dingindira raifarirwa nevatungamiriri, saka vaDavid Kinomans vakaona kure nekubva kune imwe nhoo ye "fara". Isu tinonyora inonyanya kuzivikanwa kwavari.
FAAT (1926)
Gumi yeGerman Director Friedrich WilhelM mururnaau akafuridzirwa neyeGerman ngano uye akaendesa kune veruzhinji bhaisikopo rakanyarara. Urongwa hwefirimu hachizi hwakawanda kubva kune chisingafi kubva kuParamende
Zvinokosha kuti iyo firimu reservation yaive yakavakirwa kwete kubasa chete, asiwo pakusikwa kwemumwe munyori, iyo mudzi weChirungu christopher Marlo. Mitemo mikuru yakaenda kune vatambi veTestors kune Emily Mukuru (FAUST) naEmily Yannings (Mipristofel).
"Runako rweDhiyabhorosi" (1950)
French Rene Claire akabvisa iyo firimu zvichienderana nenjodzi goethe, ichipa iyo yekutanga zano rekududzira remahara. Mufananidzo uyu unotaura kuti Myphistoferi anopa sei purofesa munhu kuti awane pwere nerunako, uye anobvumirana asina kufunga. Ikozvino chinangwa chikuru cheMephistoper kukurumidza kuwana mweya wemurwere wake.
Michel Simon, Gerard Philip, Paolo Stoppa, Gaston Modo uye vamwe vakapinda mumabasa akajeka.
Kufarira (2011)
Director Artor Alexander Sokurov haanawo kuseri kwekuzvidira uye akarovererwa nevanoda zveCinema nechiratidzo, uye Musiki wemufananidzo weshumba eshumba mudenga remutambo wemafirimu.
Rondedzero inotenderera ichitenderedza chikamu chekutanga chebasa renhetembo, uye vateereri vanonakidzwa nerudo rwemukati pakati pekufa uye margarita. Alexander Sokurov akabvumidzwa kuyedza mifananidzo isingakanganwike kune vanoita zvinhu zvakadai saJohanes Tsayler, Anton Adasinsky, Isolda Duhahuki naHana Shigullah.
Chokwadi Zvinonakidza
- Muna 2014, iyo TV Series "Alchemik yakatangwa paterevhizheni." FATTE ELEXIR, "uko nzvimbo huru yakawana Igor Petrenko, Svetlana Ivanova, Viktor Rakov naIvgeny Dobrovolskaya. Pasinei nezita rinonakidza, iyo yakawanda-sieu firimu inongoerekana yasvika pabasa re goethe, nekuti pikicha inotaura nezvenharaunda yakavanzika yeAlchemists avo vanotsvaga kuziva chokwadi.
- Goethe akaisa pabutiro reiyo bhuku rebhuku rerimwe reBrandt, rinonzi "alchemist maari mudare." Asi muzana ramakore regumi nemasere, zita revanyorerwo rakashandurwa kuti vabatwe.
- Mugadziri weFrance Commaser Charles Guno akaomeswa Opera "Faust", uye libretto yakanyorwa aine jul barbier uye michele carre.
- Nhamo iyi inopa marudzi maviri esainzi yematongerwo enyika.
Quotes
"Nekuraira, uchibvuma sarudzo,Kana mutengo wekuparadza. "" Mune izvo zvinozivikanwa, hapana kubatsirwa
Imwe isingazivikanwe inodiwa. "" Asi zvakare, chakundikana, uye kuramba,
Uye lethargy mune mifungo, uye iyo squad.
Kazhinji kangani mess
Kuseri kwekujekeswa kunouya! "Rega zera rizere
Dombo rinofara uye dombo risingafadzi.
Mukusimba kuri kuwedzera
Kuzvigona kuwana munhu. "" Dzidza kutendeseka nekubudirira
Uye kukwezva nekutenda pfungwa.
Uye mabharo, crap senge echo,
Fake uye kwete kudiwa nemunhu. "